A healthy dose of sunshine may be the secret to staying young, British scientists have disclosed.

Vitamin D is produced naturally by the skin in response to sunlight and may help to slow the ageing process and protect against heart disease, according to the study.

Researchers from King's College London studied 2,160 women aged between 18 and 79, looking at their telomeres - a biological marker of ageing found in DNA．As people get older, their telomeres get shorter and they are easy to have illnesses.

But the study found women with high levels of vitamin D had comparatively longer telomeres - a sign of being biologically younger and healthier.

The study suggests vitamin D may help to slow down the ageing process of DNA, and therefore the ageing process as a whole.

Lead researcher Dr Brent Richards said: "These results are exciting because they prove for the first time that people who have higher levels of vitamin D may age more slowly than people with lower levels of vitamin D．

"This could help to explain how vitamin D has a protective effect on many ageing related diseases, such as heart disease and cancer."

He said further studies are required to confirm the findings.

Professor Tim Spector, head of KCL's twin research unit, and a co-author of the report, added: "Although it might sound absurd(荒谬的), it's possible that the same sunshine which may increase our risk of skin cancer may also have a healthy effect on the general ageing process."

Vitamin D made by the action of sunlight on the skin accounts for 90 per cent of the body's supply, but lower levels can also be obtained through food such as fish, eggs and breakfast cereals.

Other studies have suggested the vitamin plays a key role in protecting against cancer and heart disease.

64．What’s the best title of this passage?

  A．Sunshine 'helps to keep you young'

  B．Vitamin D has a protective effect on many diseases

  C．Telomeres - a biological marker of ageing

  D．People have found the secret to having a long life

65．How can people get vitamin D?

    A．through water            B．through sunshine     

       C．through food                 D．both B and C

66．What does the underlined word in paragraph three refer to?

    A．It refers to a kind of vitamin that can keep you young.

    B．It refers to a biological marker of ageing found in DNA.

    C．It refers to a kind of element that can be obtained from sunshine.

    D．It refers to a part of the body.

67．Which of the following is not true according to the passage?

    A．women with high levels of vitamin D shows a sign of being biologically younger and healthier.

    B．vitamin D has a protective effect on many ageing related diseases.

    C．too much sunshine may increase our risk of skin cancer.

    D．It has been proved that sunshine 'helps to keep you young'.

The aims of the Illustrators’(插图画家的) Exhibition, staged as part of the Bologna Children’s Book Fair, organized by BolognaFiere and held from 23 to 26 December 2012, are to bring illustrators and publishers together and to promote illustrators and their works among publishers.

QUALIFICATIONS

• Individual illustrators or groups of illustrators of any nationality, if they were born before 31st December 1992, whose artwork is intended for use in children’s books, are qualified to enter the Exhibition, either directly or through publishing houses or schools.

• Please state in the application form whether you are entering work for the Fiction or Nonfiction Category. Illustrators may only enter one category.

• Artwork previously presented to the Exhibition may not be re-entered.

• The confirmation(确认) form must be filled in and a photograph attached, then presented together with illustrations no later than 15 October 2012.

SHIPMENT

Entries may be delivered by post, express delivery service or by hand. From abroad, please use the following forms: Form “A” for registered mail or post by air; Form “B” if using an international forwarding agent or airline.

To avoid delays, material should not be sent by normal post. Material should be sent “carriage(运费) paid”, including any customs and delivery costs.

BolognaFiere may not be held responsible for the non-arrival or late arrival of artwork. All published works must be accompanied by a declaration bearing the ISBN number, publisher’s name and address.

REQUIREMENTS

The illustrations (i.e. the size of the sheet) must not exceed(超过) the following dimensions:

Fiction:

32 × 42 cm (or 42 × 32 cm)

Non-fiction:

50 × 70 cm (or 70 × 50 cm)

Illustrations in larger formats will not be considered, nor will they be returned by BolognaFiere. The illustrations must be on paper or flexible board, maximum thickness 2 mm (for scanner separation purposes).

SELECTION PROCESS

All artwork received by the stated deadline and meeting the specified requirements will be examined and selected by an international group (whose decision is final), including five members (from publishing house and art schools) appointed each year by BolognaFiere.

EXHIBITIONS ABROAD

After the Bologna event, the Illustrators Exhibition will travel to Japan under the supervision of JBBY. The Illustrators Exhibition may afterwards be transferred to other venues(场馆) in other countries. The exhibitions of illustrations held abroad follow the same rules and regulations as the Illustrators Exhibition, and the provisions(条款) of the regulations are extended to the organizers of the exhibitions held abroad.

RETURN OF ARTWORK

All the works will be returned to their owners by BolognaFiere or directly by the organizers of the exhibitions and held abroad by the end of July 2013.

65. Which of the following of the Illustrators’ Exhibition is TRUE?

A. It will last five days in all in July every other year.

B. It is intended for college students who are good at painting.

C. It is held by the Bologna Children’s Book Fair in BolognaFiere.

D. It can strengthen the relationship between illustrators and publishers.

66. The illustrators of the Illustrators’ Exhibition ______.

A. should be at least 16 and no more than 25

B. may re-enter their artwork after it is returned

C. should state the category of their artwork clearly

D. may choose to attach a photo to the application form

67. What is BolognaFiere responsible for?

A. Paying for the delivery costs.               B. Late arrival of artwork.

C. Confirmation of ISBN number.                    D. Returning the illustrators’ works.

68. The illustrators’ works will not be considered if they ______.

A. are received after the day of 15 October 2012

B. are smaller than the required size

C. have already been published abroad before

D. don’t meet the demands of the international experts

President Obama ranks 15th out of 44 in a poll of the best and worst Presidents while former President George W. Bush earns a place in the bottom five, according to the Siena College Research Institute's recent survey released Thursday

Obama won a top ten place in two skill set categories, communication ability (7th) and ability to compromise (用折衷的方法解决争端)(10th), and in two personality trait categories, imagination (6th) and intelligence (8th). Background, described as family, education, and experience, proved his lowest score at 32nd.

This is the 5th time the institute has conducted the survey of U.S. presidents, which is done a year after a new president takes office. The first survey was done in 1982. "Obviously, there's not great validity to the poll since the Presidents have only been in office for one year," says the survey's co-director and statistician Douglas Lonnstrom. "But it's a benchmark for us to see how they move."

Presidents tend to rank around 20th while they are in office, and Obama is no exception. His actions over the next few years will decide if he stays roughly the same like Reagan—who moved from 16th to 20th, 22nd, 16th again, and finally to 18th this year—or like Bush, who fell from 23rd to 39th.

Franklin D. Roosevelt has held his title as top president since 1982 with the same four following as top five: Theodore Roosevelt, Abraham Lincoln, George Washington, and Thomas Jefferson.

The survey, which ranks Presidents using 20 different factors, shows Jefferson was the most intelligent president, Richard Nixon was the worst at honesty and avoiding serious mistakes, Lincoln had the best overall ability, and Washington was the best leader.

66. In which category did Obama win his best place?

A. Imagination.     B. Intelligence.    C. Background.    D. Communication ability.

67. What can we learn about the Siena College Research Institute’s survey?

A. It has been carried out five times.

B. It has a history of more than 30 years.

C. It is made after a President leaves office.

D. It is done according to 10 different factors.

68. Which of the following words can best replace the underlined word “validity”?

A. Lightness      B. Curiosity.      C. Correctness      D. Purpose

69. Which of the following shows the right order about the ranking?

a. Obama

b. George W. Bush

c. Ronald Reagan

d. Abraham Lincoln

A. c, d, a, b     B. d, a, c, b   C. d, c, b, a   D. c, a, d, b

70. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. Thomas Jefferson is not among the top five Presidents on the list.

B. George Washington is thought of as the most intelligent President.

C. Richard Nixon has always been among the bottom five Presidents.

D. Franklin D. Roosevelt has always been regarded as the top President.

C
Zanzibar，Tanzania--Hundreds of dead dolphins were washed up on Friday along the shore of a popular tourist place on Tanzania’s northern coast．Scientists have ruled out poisoning．
It was not immediately clear what killed the 400 dolphins，whose dead bodies lied along a 4-kilometer coast of Nungwi，said Narriman Jidawi，a marine biologist at the Institute of Marine Science in Zanzibar．But the bottleneck dolphins，which live in deep offshore waters，had empty stomachs，meaning they could have got lost and had been swimming for some time to reorient themselves．They did not die of hunger and were not poisoned，Jidawi said．
In the US，experts were looking into the possibility that sonar(声呐)from the US submarine could have caused a similar incident in Marothon，Florida，where 68 deep-water dolphins stranded(搁浅)themselves in March 2005．
The deaths are a blow to the tourism industry in Zanzibar，where thousands of visitors go to watch and swim with dolphins．Villagers，fishermen and hotel residents found the dead bodies and told officials．Mussa Aboud，Zanzibar’s director of fisheries，went on state radio to warn the public against eating the dolphins’meat，saying the cause of death had not been found．
The Indo-Pacific bottlenose，commonly known as dolphins，are the most common species in Zanzibar’s coastal waters，with bottlenose and humpback dolphins often found in mixed-species groups．
63．According to the passage，the bottleneck dolphins            ．
A．are often attacked by submarine in deep water
B．find it hard to find enough food near the coast
C．often fall ill along the shore of a tourist place
D．1ike living in the deep waters near the coast
64．The underlined word“reorient”means           ．
A．lose their way                   B．find their way
C．look for food                        D．fight against enemies
65．What can we infer from the passage?
A．The dolphins died because of the sonar from US submarines．
B．The dead dolphins can not be eaten as they are poisonous．
C．The US experts are researching sonar at present．
D．The ability of locating is extremely important for dolphins．
66．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．400 dolphins died along the coast of Nungwi．
B．Dolphins are facing increased risk of death．
C．It’s necessary for us to protect dolphins．
D．Nungwi is famous for many dolphins there．

C
The case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation．
All high school graduates ought to go, says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because college will help them earn more money, become “better” people, and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who don’t go．
But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone．And now that close to half our high school graduates are attending, those who don’t fit the pattern are becoming more numerous, and more obvious．College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis; college students interfere with each other’s experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduate school．Others find no stimulation in their studies, and drop out ------ often encouraged by college administrators．
Some observers say the fault is with the young people themselves ----- they are spoiled and they are expecting too much．But that is a condemnation of the students as a whole, and does not explain all campus unhappiness．Others blame the state of the world, and they are partly right．We’ve been told that young people have to go to college because our economy cannot absorb an army of untrained 18-year-olds．But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained 22-year-olds, either．
Some adventuresome educators and campus watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school．
We_may_have_been_looking_at_all_those_surveysand_statistics_upside_down,_it_seems,_and_through_the_rosy_glow_of_our_own_remembered_college_experiences．Perhaps college does not make people intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, or quick to learn things ----- maybe it is just the other way round, and intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, quick-learning people are only the ones who have been attracted to college in the first place．And perhaps all those successful college graduates would have been successful whether they had gone to college or not．This is heresy （异端邪说） to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if little schooling is good, more has to be much better．But contrary evidence is beginning to mount up．
64．According to the passage all of the following statements are true EXCEPT______．
A．about half of the high school graduates continue their studies at school
B．college graduates are believed to be able to earn more money
C．administrators often encourage college students to drop out
D．more and more young people are found unfit for college
65．Which of the following is one of some observers’ opinions?
A．The students expect so much that they are not satisfied with the hard college life．
  B．The economic situation is so discouraging that the youth have to attend college．
C．College should improve because of so much campus unhappiness．
D．Colleges provide more chances of good jobs than anywhere else．
66．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．Our college experience proves that those surveys are incorrect．
B．The surveys may remind us of our beautiful college experiences．
C．The surveys should all be re-examined according to our college experiences．
D．Our college experiences may make us misunderstand the results of the surveys．
67．What is the main purpose of this passage?
A．To argue against the idea that college is the best place for all young people．
B．To put forward an idea that college should not be the first choice．
C．To value young people’s further education in colleges．
D．To persuade young people into working after the completion of high school．