The person we referred to（提及）____ us a report tomorrow．

  A．giving   B．will give   C．gave   D．give

We may all have had the embarrassing moment：Getting half­way through a story only to realize that we've told this exact tale before to the same  person. Why do  we  make  such  memory mistakes?

According to the research published in Psychological Science, it may have to do with the way our brains process different types of memory.

Researchers Nigel Gopie, of the Rotman Research Institute in Toronto, and Colin Macleod, of the University of Waterloo, divided memory into two kinds. The first was source memory，or the ability to keep track of where information is coming from. The second was destination memory，or the ability to recall who we have given information to.

They found that source memory functions better than destination memory, in part because of the direction in which that information is travelling.

To study the differences between source memory and destination memory, the researchers did an experiment on 60 university students, according to a New York Times report. The students were asked to associate (联想) 50 random(随意的) facts with the faces of 50 famous people. Half of the students“told”each fact to one of the faces, reading it aloud when the celebrity's(名人的) picture appeared on a computer screen. The other half read each fact silently and saw a different celebrity picture afterward.

When later asked to recall which facts went with which faces, the students who were giving information out(destination memory)scored about 16 percent lower on memory performance compared with the students receiving information(source memory)．

The researchers concluded that out­going information was less associated with its environmental context (背景)—that is，the person—than was incoming information.

This makes sense given what is known about attention. A person who is giving information, even little facts, will devote some mental resources to thinking about what is being said. Because our attention is limited，we give less attention to the person we are giving information to.

After a second experiment with another group of 40 students, the researchers concluded that self­focus is another factor that undermines destination memory.

They asked half the students to continue giving out random information, while the other told things about themselves. This time around, those who were talking about themselves did 15 percent worse than those giving random information.

“When you start telling these personal facts compared with non­self facts, suddenly destination memory goes down more, suggesting that it is the self­focus component (成分) that's reducing the memory.”Gopie told Live Science.

60．The point of this article is to ________.

A. give advice on how to improve memory

B. say what causes the memory to worsen

C. explain why we repeat stories to those we've already told them to

D. discuss the differences between source memory and destination memory

61．What can we learn from the article?

A. Source memory helps us remember who we have  told the information to.

B. One's limited attention is one of the reasons why those reading aloud to the celebrity's pictures    perform worse on the memory test.

C. Silent reading is a better way to remember information than reading aloud.

D. It tends to be more difficult for people to link incoming information with its environmental context than outgoing information.

62．The underlined word“undermines” probably means________.

A. weakens         B. benefits

C. explains          D. supports

63．What did the scientists conclude from the second experiment?

A. Destination memory is weaker than source memory.

B. Focusing attention on oneself leads to relatively poor source memory performance.

C. Associating personal experience with information helps people memorize better.

D. Self­focus is responsible for the reduction of destination memory.

. The person we referred to____ us a report tomorrow．

A．giving B．will give C．gave D．give

You have heard of Webster Toys.Websters have made good，safe and interesting toys for more than a hundred years.Now we sell them，and children play with them，in countries from New Zealand to Norway，and from Japan to Brazil.We are looking for someone to sell our toys in the Far East.He (or she) will be between the age of thirty and forty.He will already have some years of selling in world markets behind him.He will speak good English，and at least one other language of the Far East.

The person we are looking for will live in Singapore，and work in our office there，but he will travel for up to six months in other countries in one year.He will know the Far East quite well already.He will know how to sell in old markets and where to find new ones.He will understand money and more than ever before，for himself，and for Webster Toys.

Websters want someone who can stand on his own feet.If you think you are the person we are looking for，write to Mr J Sloman at our head office.

Webster Toys Company

Church Mill，Watford

Hert，WD 36 HE

36．What are Webster Toys?

A．A kind of old toys.

B．Factories where good，safe and interesting toys are made.

C．People who are famous for making toys for children.

D．A company that has been making and selling toys.

37．The passage is written because________.

A．they need a right person to work for them

B．they are trying to find the man they have lost

C．they want to have a choice between a man and a woman

D．they are looking for a man living in Singapore

38．The person must be good at speaking________.

A．English and any other language

B．English or any other language

C．English and any other Far Eastern language

D．English or any other Far Eastern language

39．“Someone who can stand on his own feet” means________.

A．someone who can deal with all the business all by himself

B．someone who doesn’t stand on other people’s feet

C．someone who has nothing wrong with his feet

D．someone who can understand and can earn a lot of money

40．Where can you probably read above passage?

A．In a book.                                          B．In a dictionary.

C．In a magazine.                                    D．In a newspaper.

At a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult, employers who can  36   biases (偏见) from the process will surely gain a big advantage  37  his opponents.
As a manager, Miss Tiffany is  38  for interviewing applicants for some of the  39  with her company. During one interview, she noticed that the  40  never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and a little  41  because she liked the person on the whole.
He had a perfect resume and gave good  42  to her questions,  43  the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy”. Several days later, she decided to offer the job to her  44  choice. “It wasn’t until I  45  a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany says. What she hadn’t known at that time was that that person behaved  46  was simply a cultural misunderstanding. He was an Asian-American  47  in a household where  48   for those in authority was shown by averting (避开) your eyes.
“Attending the diversity workshop helped me  49  how much I could learn by simply asking questions and  50  dialogues with employees,  51  making assumptions and trying to be a know-it-all,” Miss Tiffany admits. “The biggest thing I  52  from the workshop is learning how to be more ‘inclusive(包容的)’ to  53 .”
“I was just thrown off by the lack of eye contact; not realizing it was cultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out, but will not miss that opportunity again.”
Many of us have had similar problems with  54  we consider as different. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming necessary to  55  our understanding of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions.
36. A. replace  B. remove                           C. refresh                                     D. recover
37. A. of                              B. above                              C. over                                 D. on
38. A. desperate                         B. responsible                    C. ready                               D. punctual
39. A. positions                           B. businesses                     C. conditions                      D. trades
40. A. girl                             B. opponent                        C. client                               D. candidate
41. A. disappointed                    B. excited                            C. worried                           D. annoyed
42. A. suggestions                     B. responses                      C. impressions                            D. comments
43. A. so                                        B. and                                   C. or                                      D. but
44. A. first                                    B. immediate   C. second                                      D. careless
45. A. closed                                B. started                  C. attended                        D. organized
46. A. politely                              B. carelessly    C. skillfully                           D. differently
47. A. raised                                B. found                               C. treated                                     D. adopted
48. A. concern                             B. envy                        C. respect                                     D. sympathy
49. A. imagine                             B. realize          C. predict                                      D. expect
50. A. creating                                      B. continuing C. practising                       D. directing
51. A. other than                        B. rather than           C. more than                      D. less than
52. A. cut away                           B. put away                        C. gave away                      D. took away
53. A. misunderstandings        B. shortcomings                C. faults                               D. mistakes  
54. A. behaviors                          B. words                              C. habits                              D. thoughts
55. A. ignore                                B. express                           C. limit                                 D. expand