题目列表(包括答案和解析)
If you've ever seen a James Bond movie，you'll know that the hero gets around in a smart Aston Martin car. Even if you know full well that you could never afford such an expensive vehicle, you don't forget the name, or the car.
Why? You have been affected by product placement.
Companies pay a film to place their products in the movie. Product placement took off in the West in the 1980s and is now catching on in China. Two Hunan Satellite TV dramas are recent examples：Ugly Wudi and Let's Go Watch the Meteor Shower (《一起去看流星雨》).
Shampoo, mobile phones, cars and fitness centers–anything can be product-placed. Advertisers value the mass appeal of the movies, knowing that a successful film can showcase their goods to hundreds of thousands of viewers. But when product placement takes over, artistic considerations can take a back seat.
Cai Zhiyong has been product-placing for years. The Beijing-based advertiser admits there is a conflict between art and business. He explains the way one ad works. In If You are the One (《非诚勿扰》), the actress Shu Qi plays a flight attendant. The movie contains product placement for airline companies.
Cash-strapped filmmakers often have to give less consideration to the quality of their work because they need money from advertisers. In the original story for Meteor Shower, the heroine's mother owned an ice cream shop. But no ice cream company wanted to sponsor (赞助) the film. For this reason, the story was changed. In the film the man drinks 20 cups of milk tea instead of eating ice cream.
So you may see the power of business over the movies, since the script (剧本) was perhaps written so that a product could be placed-whether it was ice cream or milk tea.
【小题1】James Bond movies are mentioned in the first paragraph to show_________.
| A．how popular James Bond is | B．how great the Aston Martin car is |
| C．how to make a movie more artistic | D．how effectively product placement works |
| A．atmosphere | B．mass appeal | C．box-office success | D．artistic value |
| A．Short of money. | B．Wasting a lot of money. |
| C．having enough money. | D．Trying to save money. |
| A．business has a big say in the movie |
| B．the original story was not suitable for a movie |
| C．filmmakers are only concerned about making money |
| D．milk tea is more popular than ice cream |
The term “multitasking” originally referred to a computer’s ability to carry out several tasks at one time．For many people, multitasking has become a way of life and even a key to success．In fact, some excellent mental aerobic exercises （大脑训练） involve engaging the brain in two or more challenging activities at a time．Although checking e-mail while talking on a phone and reading the newspaper may be second nature for some people, many times multitasking can make us less productive, rather than more．And studies show that too much multitasking can lead to increased stress, anxiety and memory loss．
In order to multitask, the brain uses an area known as the prefrontal cortex （前额叶脑皮层）．Brian scans of volunteers performing multiple tasks together show that as they shift from task to task, this front part of the brain actually takes a moment of rest between tasks．You may have experienced a prefrontal cortex “moment of rest” yourself if you’ve ever dialed （拨电话） a phone number and suddenly forgotten who you dialed when the line is answered．What probably occurred is that between the dialing and the answering, your mind shifted to anther thought or task, and then took that “moment” to come back．Research has also shown that for many volunteers, job efficiency （效率） declines while multitasking, as compared to when they perform only one task at a time.
Multitasking is easiest when at least one of the tasks is habitual, or requires little thought．Most people don’t find it difficult to eat and read the newspaper at the same time．However, when two or more attention-requiring tasks are attempted at one time, people sometimes make mistakes．
We often don’t remember things as well when we’re trying to manage several details at the same time．Without mental focus, we may not pay enough attention to new information coming in, so it never makes it into our memory stores．That is one of the main reasons we forget people’s names---even sometimes right after they have introduced themselves．Multitasking can also affect our relationships．If someone checks their e-mail while on the phone with a friend, they may come off as absent-minded or disinterested．It can also cause that person to miss or overlook key information being passed on to them．
1．Why are some mental aerobic exercises designed to engage people in multitasking?
A．To make them more productive．
B．To reduce their stress and anxiety．
C．To develop their communication skills．
D．To help them perform daily tasks more easily．
2．According to Paragraph 2, why may a person suddenly forget who has called?
A．He may leave his prefrontal cortex temporarily damaged．
B．He is probably interrupted by another task．
C．He is probably not very familiar with the person he has called．
D．He may need a rest between dialing and speaking.
3．People tend to make mistake when ____.
A．they perform several challenging tasks at a time．
B．new messages are processed one after another
C．their relationships with others are affected
D．the tasks require little thought
4．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Multitasking has become a way of life．
B．Multitasking often leads to efficiency decline．
C．Multitasking exercises need to be improved．
D．Multitasking enables people to remember things better．
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For the most part, you are probably only exposed to the music that is played on your favorite radio stations and TV shows, music Web sites, or the music that your friends and family members enjoy. While you probably know a lot about your favorite type of music, it can be a rewarding experience to enlarge your horizons（眼界）, discovering artists and types of music that you’re not familiar with. Who knows, you might discover you like certain types of music you never even considered.
Have you ever wondered about the history and influences of your favorite types of music ? For example, did you know that rock ‘n’ roll originated（起源）from the blues, and that the blues began as a form of musical expression for African Americans during slavery（奴隶制度）？Did you know that most hip-hop is heavily influenced by early rhythm blues and jazz ?
There are many fun ways to learn about different musical styles and their historical roots. For example, if you like hip-hop, listen to some of your favorite CDs and take note of the samples the performers used to create the songs. There is a possibility that the artist used parts of older songs to create the music. You can go to the library or online to learn more about the artists and listen to more of their music by checking out CDs from the library or downloading songs online for a small fee.
You can learn so much about culture and history just by paying attention to different types of music and what is being expressed in the songs. There are so many different styles of music to learn about, and you owe（欠）it to yourself to make an effort to listen to and learn about them.
【小题1】The main topic of this passage is _____.
| A．creating music | B．performing music |
| C．enjoying your favorite music | D．learning about music |
| A．Rock ‘n’ roll. | B．The blues. |
| C．Hip-hop. | D．Jazz. |
| A．By writing down the names of the music. |
| B．By creating music from older songs yourself. |
| C．By caring about what is being expressed in music. |
| D．By keeping a record of fees after downloading songs online. |
| A．you should try harder to learn about music |
| B．you should return something to music |
| C．you should borrow music CDs from others |
| D．you should buy music CDs yourself |
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