If you are lost in the mountains, stay calm in the face of darkness, loneliness, and the unknown. It will greatly increase your chances of survival. Many people think that   preparing necessary equipment and knowing how to use it are very important, but in fact eighty percent of mountain survival is your reaction(反应) to fear.
Finding a hiding place
Unnecessary labor (劳动) will make you sweat and make you cold. Find a hiding place around you before trying to start your own construction. If you are in a snow-covered area, you may be able to dig a cave in deep snow for protection from the wind. You should try to hide yourself in the middle of the mountain if possible. Stay out of the valleys--- cold air falls, and the valley floor can be the coldest area on the mountain.
Signal(发信号) rescuers for help
The best time to signal rescuers is during the day. Signal for help from the highest point possible--- it will be easier for rescuers to see you, and any sound you make will travel farther. If you take a box of matches and a space blanket ( a special blanket for traveling ), build three smoky fires and put your blanket ---gold side facing out --- on the ground.
Do not walk away
It will make finding you more difficult , as search teams will be trying to follow your path and may miss you if you have gone off in a different direction. Searchers often end up finding a car with no one in it. If you get frostbitten(冻伤) , do not rewarm the affected area until you are out of danger.
You can walk on frostbitten(冻伤) feet, but once you warm the area and can feel the pain, you will not want to walk anywhere. Try to protect the frostbitten area and keep it dry until you are rescued.
【小题1】 When lost in the mountains, you can increase your chances of survival if you _____.

A．take a space blanket with you	B．do more physical labor
C．try to find a car immediately	D．walk as far as possible

【小题2】 According to the passage, people most probably fail to survive if they ______

A．do not take enough equipment	B．stay in the middle of the mountain
C．do not keep themselves warm	D．stay in a snow-covered area

【小题3】What can we infer from the passage?

A．Don’t travel by yourself	B．Mountain traveling is dangerous
C．Don’t get frightened in danger	D．Avoid going to unfamiliar places

【小题4】 Which statement is not true according to the passage?

A．If lost in the mountains, you must try to find a way out quickly.

B．Stay out of the valleys when looking for a hiding place

C．The best time to signal rescuers is during the day

D．With a space blanket, you can put it on the ground---gold side facing out

    Career building is an ongoing activity．Planning and goal setting are part of career building，but so is adjusting to and taking advantage of things that happen in all unplanned way．Our dreams and desires，as well as the opportunities open to us，are changing all the time．Sometimes，they can change quite dramatically over a short period of time．

    Dealing with change often requires taking your career in a different direction．Therefore，most people’s career paths wind up looking more like a forest path or the course of a river than a straight flight path from point A to point B．Career paths tend to meander．Just as a river must take an indirect path to get around hills and other obstacles(障碍物)，we often have to do a little meandering to get around barriers．We also meander simply to explore various career possibilities．

    This doesn’t mean that you should wander aimlessly for the rest of your life! It does mean that，although career building gives you an overall sense of direction，it's reasonable to expect that you’ll have to take some meandering along the way．

    Career building involves maneuvering as well as meandering．To maneuver is to be focused and strategic(策略的)，to decide what you want and how you are going to get there．Believe it or not，you can maneuver and meander at the same time．In fact，you have probably already done so．For example，if you’ve ever sent in an application form for an education program or job before you are really sure you want your application to be accepted，you have taken action on a plan while you are still exploring other possibilities．In other words，you are maneuvering and meandering at the same time．

1．The passage is mainly to _______．

      A．tell you how to gain more control over your life

      B．give you a better understanding of yourself

      C．show you how to take an active role in planning your career

      D．help you to deal with things that happen in an unplanned way

2．The underlined word “meander”(in Paragraph 2)most probably means ______．

      A．move away      B．go round           C．get through        D．run over

3．What can we learn from the passage?

      A．There are seldom straight lines in the course of career building．

      B．Career path is like a flight path from point A to point B．

      C．Most of our dreams and desires change in a short time．

      D．More than half of us have to change our career directions．

4．When you are hunting for a job，you are supposed to _______．

      A．take your career in different directions

      B．avoid exploring various career possibilities

      C．change your dreams and desires now and then

      D．know your goal and try all possible ways to achieve it

The flag, the most common symbol of a nation in the modern world, is also one of the most ancient. With a clear symbolic meaning, the flag in the traditional form is still used today to mark buildings, ships and other vehicles related to a country.
The national flag as we know it today is in no way a primitive artifact. It is, rather, the product of thousands of years’ development. Historians believe that it had two major ancestors, of which the earlier served to show wind direction.
Early human beings used very fragile houses and boats. Often strong winds would tear roofs from houses or cause high waves that endangered travelers. People’s food supplies were similarly vulnerable. Even after they had learned how to plant grains, they still needed help from nature to ensure good harvests. Therefore they feared and depended on the power of the wind, which could bring warmth from one direction and cold from another.
Using a simple piece of cloth tied to the top of a post to tell the direction of the wind was more dependable than earlier methods, such as watching the rising of smoke from a fire. The connection of the flag with heavenly power was therefore reasonable. Early human societies began to fix long pieces of cloth to the tops of totems (图腾) before carrying them into battle. They believed that the power of the wind would be added to the good wishes of the gods and ancestors represented by the totems themselves.
These flags developed very slowly into modern flags. The first known flag of a nation or a ruler was unmarked: The king of China around 1,000 B.C. was known to have a white flag carried ahead of him. This practice might have been learned from Egyptians even further in the past, but it was from China that it spread over trade routes through India, then across Arab lands, and finally to Europe, where it met up with the other ancestor of the national flag.
【小题1】 The underlined word “ vulnerable” in paragraph 3 means _______.

A．easy to damage	B．likely to be protected
C．impossible to make sure of	D．difficult to find

【小题2】The earliest flags were connected with heavenly power because they _______.

A．could tell wind direction	B．could bring good luck to fighters
C．were believed to stand for natural forces	D．were handed down by the ancestors

【小题3】What does the author know of the first national flag?

A．He knows when it was sent to Europe.	B．He doubts where it started.
C．He thinks it came from China.	D．He believes it was made in Egypt.

【小题4】What will the author most probably talk about next?

A．The role of China in the spread of the national flag.

B．The importance of modern flags.

C．The use of modern flags in Europe.

D．The second ancestor of the national flag.

The flag, the most common symbol of a nation in the modern world, is also one of the most ancient. With a clear symbolic meaning, the flag in the traditional form is still used today to mark buildings, ships and other vehicles related to a country.

The national flag as we know it today is in no way a primitive artifact. It is, rather, the product of thousands of years’ development. Historians believe that it had two major ancestors, of which the earlier served to show wind direction.

Early human beings used very fragile houses and boats. Often strong winds would tear roofs from houses or cause high waves that endangered travelers. People’s food supplies were similarly vulnerable. Even after they had learned how to plant grains, they still needed help from nature to ensure good harvests. Therefore they feared and depended on the power of the wind, which could bring warmth from one direction and cold from another.

Using a simple piece of cloth tied to the top of a post to tell the direction of the wind was more dependable than earlier methods, such as watching the rising of smoke from a fire. The connection of the flag with heavenly power was therefore reasonable. Early human societies began to fix long pieces of cloth to the tops of totems (图腾) before carrying them into battle. They believed that the power of the wind would be added to the good wishes of the gods and ancestors represented by the totems themselves.

These flags developed very slowly into modern flags. The first known flag of a nation or a ruler was unmarked. The king of China around 1000 B.C. was known to have a white flag carried ahead of him. This practice might have been learned from Egyptians even further in the past, but it was from China that it spread over trade routes through India, then across Arab lands, and finally to Europe, where it met up with the other ancestor of the national flag.

1.The best title for the passage would be “________”.

A．Development of the National Flag           B．Power of the National Flag

C．Types of Flags                          D．Uses of Flags

2.The underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 means ________.

A．impossible to make sure of                B．likely to be protected

C．easy to be damaged                     D．difficult to find

3.The earliest flags were connected with heavenly power because ________.

A．they could tell direction

B．they could bring good luck to ancient fighters

C．they were handed down by the ancestors

D．they were believed to stand for natural forces

4.What does the author know of the first national flag?

A．He knows when it was sent to Europe.

B．He believes it was made in Egypt.

C．He thinks it came from China.

D．He doubts where it started.

5.What will the author most probably talk about next?

A．The role of China in the spread of the national flag.

B．The second ancestor of the national flag.

C．The use of modern flags in Europe.

D．The importance of modern flags