完形填空

　　In ancient times, the most important exams were spoken, not written. In the 1 of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually 2 saying poetry aloud or giving speeches.

　　In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were 3 for advanced degrees had to 4 questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject . This 5 exists today as part of the process of 6 candidates(应试者) for the doctor's degree.

　　Generally, 7 , modern exams are written. The written exam, 8 all students are tested on the same questions, was probably 9 until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into 10 with the great 11 in population and the great development of modern industry. A room full of candidates for a state exam, 12 exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers, is similar to a group of 13 at an automobile factory. Certainly, during exams teachers and students are 14 to act like machines.

　　One type of test is sometimes 15 an“objective teat”. It is intended to deal with facts, not 16 opinions. To 17 an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has 18 one correct answer. Along with each question, the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that 19 answers to students who have not learned the material 20 .

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Pupils work harder in lessons if they are taught by a man, a study has claimed. Male teachers are more likely to improve pupils' self-esteem and are judged by pupils to be more fair, according to a study published by the Department for Education.                                                             
But there is a significant shortage of male teachers, especially in primary schools, with reports last month indicating that almost one in three primaries has an all-female teaching staff. The latest figures heightened fears that schools are becoming dominated (主宰) by women and children are being denied access to male role models in the classroom.                        
Researchers at the London School of Economics and Westminster University conducted an experiment in which each of 1,200 pupils in 29 schools was given £2. They could use the money to "buy" up to 10 questions at a cost of 20p each, which they then had to answer. If they were right they were given an extra 20p, but if they were wrong they lost 20p. Boys and girls who had a male teacher chose on average almost half a question more than those taught by women, indicating that they had a more positive outlook on the rewards of effort, the the study said.                                            
Researchers wrote: "One of the most significant results featured in this experiment is the positive effect of male teachers on effort. The experiment suggests that higher ability pupils either believed that the teacher would reward them more favorably or had a preference for working hard to please the teacher."                                                     
According to the Good Teacher Training Guide, 86 per cent of new teachers entering primary schools are female, along with 62 per cent of those entering secondary schools.                                             
Professor Alan Smithers, of Buckingham University, said: "This is an interesting and somewhat surprising finding, but it does underline the importance of having a good mix of male and female teachers in classes."
【小题1】Which of the following is true of the passage?  

A．Male teachers are more fair than female teachers.

B．Now most primary schools are in need of teachers.

C．Most people are afraid that their children can't get access to male teachers.

D．The author thinks that male teachers are better than female teachers.

【小题2】What is the author's attitude to the finding that pupils work harder in lessons if they are taught by a man?   

A．He is for the finding.

B．He is against the finding.

C．He doesn't show his opinion about it.

D．He thinks it’s interesting and somewhat surprising.

【小题3】What does the author mainly tell us in the 3^rd paragraph?   

A．Researchers at the London School of Economics and Westminster University conducted an experiment.

B．Students could use the money to "buy" up to 10 questions and then had to answer them.

C．Boys and girls who had a male teacher chose on average almost half a question more than those taught by women.

D．The experiment shows that students taught by male teachers had a more positive outlook on the rewards of effort.

【小题4】It can be inferred that         .  

A．one third of primaries has an all female staff

B．if a student is taught by a man teacher, he will think that if he works harder he will make greater progress

C．86 per cent of new teachers entering primary schools are female

D．this finding is interesting and surprising

【小题5】Where can we find the passage?   

A．It is from a PE section on the Internet.

B．It is from an educational magazine.

C．It comes from the social section of a newspaper.

D．It comes from an English teaching book.

完形填空：

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～25各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案．

(A)

　Millions of words have been written about young people in the United States． There are reasons for this 　1　the ideas, feelings and actions of youth．

　Today there are about seven million Americans in colleges and universities． Young persons under twenty-five 　2　the american population． Many of these will soon be 　3　the nation． 　4　their ideas are important to everyone in the country, and 　5　older people to understand 　6　they think and feel．

　College students today have strong opinions about right and wrong． They are 　7　making a better life for all people, 　8　those who 　9　a fair chance before now． They see much that is wrong in the lives of their parents． It is hard for them to see what is right and good in the old way． 　10　, there is often trouble in American families． Your country may be meeting such problems, too．

　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　

1． A． 　　 greatly interesting to	B． great interest in
C． greatly interested for	D． great interest for	[　　]
2． A． 　　 make out almost half in	B． make up almost half from
C． make up nearly half of	D． make into newly half out of	[　　]
3． A． in charge of	B． in the charge of
C． taking charge by	D． taking the charge 　　 of	[　　]
4． A． 　　 Nature	B． Naturing
C． Natural	D． Naturally	[　　]
5． A． 　　 that is necessary for	B． they are necessary for
C． it is necessary for	D． there are necessary for	[　　]
6． A． 　　 how	B． what
C． that	D． why	[　　]
7． A． 　　 deeply interested in	B． deep interested in
C． deeply interesting for	D． deep interesting for	[　　]
8． A． 　　 especial for	B． especial to
C． especially for	D． especially to	[　　]
9． A． 　　 has not been given	B． has not given
C． have not given	D． have not been given	[　　]
10．A． 　　 As a result	B． As result
C． To a result	D． In the result	[　　]

(B)

　A student passed all his school examination． Then he went to a college to continue his studies． There he 　11　 his name for a course in geography． But after the first lecture, he did not go to it 　12　 ．

　The geography lecturer noticed that this student was always absent and thought that he had changed to another course, so he was very 　13 　when he saw the boy's name on the list of students who wanted to take the geography examination 　14 　the year．

　The lecturer had 　15　examination paper, which 　16　, and he was eager to see how this student answered the questions． He expected that the boy's answers 　17　,but when they reached him 　18　the examination and he examined them carefully, he was able to find only one small mistake in them． as this 　19　him very much, he 　20 　the paper again, but was still not able to find 　21　that one small mistake, so he 　22　the student to question him about his work．

　When the student came into the room and sat down, the lecturer said to him, “I know that you came only to my first lecture and you have been absent from 　23　， but now I have examined your answer paper very carefully and I have been able to find only one small mistake in it． I am curious to know your explanation for that．”

“Oh, I am very 　24　that mistake, sir,”answered the student “ after the examination, I realized what I ought to have written, I 　25　that mistake if I had not been confused (搞乱) by your first lecture．”

　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　

11．A． 　　 put up	B． put down
C． put on	D． put off	[　　]
12．A． 　　 a lot more	B． any long
C． any more	D． any further	[　　]
13．A． 　　 surprised	B． surprising
C． excited	D． exciting	[　　]
14．A． 　　 in the end of	B． at the end of
C． in the beginning	D． at the beginning of	[　　]
15．A． been preparing for a difficult
B． prepared for a very, very easy
C． prepared a difficult
D． preparing a very difficult		[　　]
16．A． following his lectures very closely
B． followed his lectures very close
C． following his lectures very close
D． followed his lectures very closely		[　　]
17．A． 　　 would be very bad
B． were going to be failed
C． would be very poorly
D． were going to be very excellent		[　　]
18．A． soon before	B． soon after
C． shortly before	D． short after	[　　]
19．A． surprises	B． surprising
C． being surprised	D． surprised	[　　]
20．A． passed over	B． took over
C． went through	D． passed through	[　　]
21．A． more than	B． only
C． fewer than	D． less than	[　　]
22．A． asked for	B． answered
C． sent for	D． told	[　　]
23．A． all the others	B． any lectures
C． any classes	D． all the exams	[　　]
24．A． anxious about	B． uneasy for
C． sorry about	D． regretting to	[　　]
25．A． would not have done	B． should have made
C． would not have made	D． should not make	[　　]