Global warming could make humans ___36___, warn scientists who __37___ to have found __38___ that it caused the world’s first horses to shrink nearly 50 million years ago.

In fact, a team from the universities of Florida and Nebraska says it has found a __39___ between the Earth __40___ up and the size of mammals -- horses, in this __41__, the last time the world heated up.

The scientists used fossils to __42___ the ___43___ of horses from their earliest appearance 56 million years ago. __44__ temperatures went up their size went __45__, and vice versa（反之亦然）; at one __46__ they were as small as a house cat, said Dr Jonathan Bloch, curator of the Florida Museum of Natural History, was quoted by the "Daily Mail" as saying.

The scientists say that the __47___ warming could have the same __48__ on mammals -- and __49__ even make humans smaller. "Horses started out small, about the size of a small dog __50__ a miniature schnauzer(迷你型雪纳瑞犬). What`s surprising is __51__ after they first appeared, they then became even smaller and then __52__ increased in size, and that exactly __53__ to the global warming event, followed by cooling.

"It had been known that mammals were small during that time and that it was warm, __54__we hadn’t understood that temperature specifically was __55__ the evolution of body size," Dr Bloch said in the "Science" journal.

36．A. taller                   B. higher                  C. shorter                      D. bigger

37. A. announce            B. claim                 C. declare             D. broadcast

38. A. evidence           B. result                 C. sign              D. information

39. A. difference           B. gap                  C. condition           D. link

40. A. heating              B. freezing              C. cooling             D. clearing

41. A. case                B. way                C. occasion            D. direction

42. A. find               B. follow               C. date                D. allocate

43. A. evolution            B. exploration           C. growth             D. movement

44. A. With                B. Because             C. While               D. As

45. A. up                  B. away               C. out                 D. down

46. A. situation             B. occasion          C. point                D. place

47. A. international          B. current            C. past                 D. huge

48. A. effect               B. result              C. consequence          D. outcome

49. A. could              B. must              C. should            D. would

50. A. as                  B. like                C. with              D. of

51. A. whether             B. when             C. that                D.  why

52. A. specially             B. fortunately           C. eventually         D.  dramatically

53. A. agrees               B. subscribes          C. corresponds       D. caters

54. A. so                B. but               C. and                D. for

55. A. driving              B. creating           C. working           D. operating

　　Some people are interested in reading．Some are addicted to watching TV or playing games．Have you ever heard of a person addicted to making telephone calls at any time and at any place? The following passage will tell us a story about such a strange person．

　　“My name's Jim Shelley, and I'm an addict (有瘾的人)…” With these words I began to 　1　 the problem, the problem of my telephone addiction．I used to call people 　2　 , from the moment I woke up to the time I went to sleep．I 　3　 to be phoned, I wanted to phone．Just one more call．

　　It started socially a few calls each day．It seemed 　4　 , just a quick chat．Gradually though, the 　5　 got worse．Soon it was 　6　 use, until, finally, addiction．

　　And it began to affect my 　7　 During the day I would disappear for 　8　 call．If I couldn't make a call, I spent the whole time waiting for the phone to ring．Getting more and more 　9　 , in the end, I would ring someone, then someone else, 　10　 myself just one more call．

　　I was phoning people and 　11　 messages to make sure 　12　 calls would see me through the day．I used to arrive at friends' homes and before the door was closed, go straight for the phone with the 　13　 “Is it OK if I just use the phone?” At work, I became 　14　 when my fellow workers tried to 　15　 me from using the phone．And one day I hit my boss (with the phone)．Finally, the police caught me 　16　 a phone box that had taken my last one pound coin, and I was 　17　 to see a psychiatrist (心理医生)．

　　I haven't 18 a phone in the house for three weeks now, and it's several days 　19　 I used a phone box．I try not to watch TV because there are 　20　 people on it making phone calls．My name is Jim Shelley and I am an addict．

1．

[　　]

2．

[　　]

3．

[　　]

4．

[　　]

5．

[　　]

6．

[　　]

7．

[　　]

8．

[　　]

9．

[　　]

10．

[　　]

11．

[　　]

12．

[　　]

13．

[　　]

14．

[　　]

15．

[　　]

16．

[　　]

17．

[　　]

18．

[　　]

19．

[　　]

20．

[　　]

Travel is exciting and summer is a busy period for holiday travel. Many people will travel great distances in airplanes, cars or other vehicles. Experts say people should know about other health problems that can strike when traveling by air.

One of these is a condition called hypoxia (缺氧症). It results from a lack of oxygen to the brain. Experts say the body begins losing oxygen minutes after an airplane leaves the ground. The air pressure in a plane during flight is lower than at sea level. This makes it more difficult for the body to effectively use the same amount of oxygen as it would on the ground. Fewer oxygen molecules （分子） cross the tissues (组织) in the lungs and reach the bloodstream.

The result is a five to twenty percent drop in the amount of oxygen in the blood. This reduces the amount of oxygen that reaches the organs of the body.

One effect of this lack of oxygen to the brain is a headache. When this happens, the heart attempts to fix the situation by beating harder and faster. This can make the traveler feel tired.

These signs of hypoxia are not dangerous in a healthy person. But a drop in oxygen level can cause a health emergency in people with heart or lung problems. They might lose consciousness or even suffer a heart attack.

Experts say that smoking cigarettes and drinking alcoholic liquids also reduce the body’s ability to use oxygen. So they suggest that people not drink alcohol or smoke cigarettes either before or during a flight. They also say persons with heart or lung problems should seek advice from their doctors before flying.

1.The author writes the passage mainly to ___.

A．warn people in airplanes of possible dangers

B．offer some advice on avoiding health problems

C．explain the causes and effects of hypoxia

D．advise people not to smoke or drink alcohol

2.According to the passage, what leads to hypoxia?

A．The brain lacks enough oxygen.

B．The air pressure in a plane is too high

C．Our body needs less oxygen during takeoff.

D．The bloodstream contains no oxygen molecules.

3.The underlined part “fix the situation” means “___”.

A．use more oxygen it needs

B．increase the air pressure

C．reduce the amount of blood

D．bump more blood to the brain

4.Why should passengers not smoke or drink before flying?

A．They weaken the body’s ability to use oxygen.

B．Smoking may pollute the air inside the airplane.

C．Drinking alcohol may raise one’s blood pressure.

D．Drinking is forbidden at the airport.

5.Do you think which the following title is the best title for this passage?

A．Tralling

B．how to travel

C．some suggestions about on the plane while travelling

D．the causes and effects of hypoxia

 

Travel is exciting and summer is a busy period for holiday travel. Many people will travel great distances in airplanes, cars or other vehicles. Experts say people should know about other health problems that can strike when traveling by air.
One of these is a condition called hypoxia (缺氧症). It results from a lack of oxygen to the brain. Experts say the body begins losing oxygen minutes after an airplane leaves the ground. The air pressure in a plane during flight is lower than at sea level. This makes it more difficult for the body to effectively use the same amount of oxygen as it would on the ground. Fewer oxygen molecules （分子） cross the tissues (组织) in the lungs and reach the bloodstream.
The result is a five to twenty percent drop in the amount of oxygen in the blood. This reduces the amount of oxygen that reaches the organs of the body.
One effect of this lack of oxygen to the brain is a headache. When this happens, the heart attempts to fix the situation by beating harder and faster. This can make the traveler feel tired.
These signs of hypoxia are not dangerous in a healthy person. But a drop in oxygen level can cause a health emergency in people with heart or lung problems. They might lose consciousness or even suffer a heart attack.
Experts say that smoking cigarettes and drinking alcoholic liquids also reduce the body’s ability to use oxygen. So they suggest that people not drink alcohol or smoke cigarettes either before or during a flight. They also say persons with heart or lung problems should seek advice from their doctors before flying.
【小题1】The author writes the passage mainly to ___.

A．warn people in airplanes of possible dangers

B．offer some advice on avoiding health problems

C．explain the causes and effects of hypoxia

D．advise people not to smoke or drink alcohol

【小题2】According to the passage, what leads to hypoxia?

A．The brain lacks enough oxygen.

B．The air pressure in a plane is too high

C．Our body needs less oxygen during takeoff.

D．The bloodstream contains no oxygen molecules.

【小题3】The underlined part “fix the situation” means “___”.

A．use more oxygen it needs

B．increase the air pressure

C．reduce the amount of blood

D．bump more blood to the brain

【小题4】Why should passengers not smoke or drink before flying?

A．They weaken the body’s ability to use oxygen.

B．Smoking may pollute the air inside the airplane.

C．Drinking alcohol may raise one’s blood pressure.

D．Drinking is forbidden at the airport.

【小题5】Do you think which the following title is the best title for this passage?

A．Tralling

B．how to travel

C．some suggestions about on the plane while travelling

D．the causes and effects of hypoxia