The right to pursue happiness is issued to us all with our birth, but no one seems quite sure what it is.

    A holy man in India may think that happiness is in himself. It is in needing nothing from outside himself. In wanting nothing, he lacks nothing. We westerners, however, are taught that the more we have from outside ourselves, the happier we will be, and then we are made to want. We are even told it is our duty to want. Advertising, one of our major industries, exists not to satisfy these de, sires but to create them--and to create them faster than any man's money in his pocket can satisfy them. Here, obviously someone is trying to buy the dream of happiness and spending millions upon millions every year in the attempt. Clearly the happiness-market is not running out of customers.

    I doubt the holy man's idea of happiness, ,and I doubt the dreams of the happiness-market, too. Whatever happiness may be, I believe, it is neither in having nothing nor in having more, but in changing--in changing the world and mankind into pure states.

     To change is to make efforts to deal with difficulties. As Yeats, a great Irish poet once put it, happiness we get for a lifetime depends on how high We choose our difficulties. Robert Frost, a great American poet, was thinking in almost the stone terms when he spoke of "the pleasure of taking pains."

It is easy to understand. We even demand difficulty for the fun in our games. We demand it because without difficulty there can be no game. And a game is a way of making something hard for the fan of it. The rules of the game are man-made difficulties. When the player ruins the fun, he always does so by refusing to play by the roles. It is easier to win at chess if you are free, at your pleasure, to cast away all the rules, but the fun is in winning within the rules.

The same is true to happiness. The buyers and sellers at the happiness-market seem to have lost their sense of the pleasure of difficulty. Heaven knows what they are playing, but it seems a dull game. And the Indian holy man seems dull to us, I suppose, because he seems to be refusing to play anything at all.

The western weakness may be in the dreams that happiness can be bought while the eastern weakness may be in the idea that there is such a thing as perfect happiness in man himself. Both of them forget a basic fact: no difficulty, no happiness.

1．Who shares the same idea of happiness with the author.?

A．The Indian holy man.         B．The great Irish poet Yeats.

C．Advertisers.                D．The buyers and sellers at the happiness-market.

2．What does "happiness-market" mean in the second paragraph?

A．It means a place in which people can buy brings happily.

B．It means a market which lacks happy customers.

C．It means a pure state for the world and mankind.

D．It means a market where people try to buy happiness with money.

3．According to the passage, which of the following is right?

A．The Indian holy man is much happier than westerners.

B．The westerners understand happiness better than the Indian holy man.

C．There is no fun without playing by the rules.

D．Both the eastern weakness and western Weakness are for the same reason.

4．What does the author do in the fifth paragraph?

A．He supports a point of view with an example.

B．He argues against a point of view.

C．He introduces a point of view.

       D．He tries to understand a point of view.

For many years, I was sure that my suffering was because of my size. I believed that when the weight disappeared, it would take old wounds, hurts, and rejections with it.

Many obese people also mistakenly believe that changing our bodies will fix everything. Perhaps our worst mistake is believing that being thin means being loved, being special, and being cherished. We imagine what it will be like when we reach the long-awaited goal. We work very hard to realize this dream. Then, at last, we find ourselves there.

But we often gain back what we have lost. Even so, we continue to believe that next time it will be different. Next time, we will keep it off. Next time, being thin will finally realize its promise of happiness, and of course, love.

It took me a long while to know that there was something more for me to learn about beauty. Beauty standards are different with culture. In Somoa a woman is not considered attractive unless she weighs more than 200 pounds. More importantly, if it’s happiness that we want, why not put our energy there rather than on the size of our body? Why not look inside? Many of us try hard to change our body, but with no result. We have to find a way to live comfortably inside our body and make friends with and cherish ourselves. When we change our attitudes toward ourselves,  the whole world changes.

67． The passage tries to tell us the importance of ______.

       A. body size                                      B. attitudes toward life      

       C. culture difference                           D. different beauty standards

68. What does the underlined word “everything” (paragraph 2) mean?

       A. All the problems.                           B. All the bodies.

       C. The whole world.                           D. The truth.

69. What can be inferred about the author?

       A. The author is a Samoan.        

       B. The author succeeded in losing weight.

       C. The author has been troubled by her/his weight.

       D. The author probably got wounded in wars or accidents.

70. According to the author, what is the common view of those who have lost some weight first and gained it back later?

       A. They feel angry about the regained weight.

       B. They don’t care about the regained weight.

       C. They feel optimistic about future plans on weight control.

       D. They think they should give up their future plans on weight control.

For many years, I was sure that my suffering was because of my size. I believed that when the weight disappeared, it would take old wounds, hurts, and rejections with it.
Many obese（overweight）people also mistakenly believe that changing our bodies will fix everything. Perhaps our worst mistake is believing that being thin means being loved, being special, and being cherished. We imagine what it will be like when we reach the long-awaited goal. We work very hard to realize this dream. Then, at last, we find ourselves there.
But we often gain back what we have lost. Even so, we continue to believe that next time it will be different. Next time, we will keep it off. Next time, being thin will finally realize its promise of happiness, and of course, love.
It took me a long while to know that there was something more for me to learn about beauty. Beauty standards are different with culture. In Somoa a woman is not considered attractive unless she weighs more than 200 pounds. More importantly, if it’s happiness that we want, why not put our energy there rather than on the size of our body? Why not look inside? Many of us try hard to change our body, but with no result. We have to find a way to live comfortably inside our body and make friends with and cherish ourselves. When we change our attitudes toward ourselves,  the whole world changes.
【小题1】The passage tries to tell us the importance of ______.

A．body size

B．attitudes toward life

C．culture difference

D．different beauty standards

【小题2】What does the underlined word “everything” (paragraph 2) mean?

A．All the problems.	B．All the bodies.
C．The whole world.	D．The truth.

【小题3】What can be inferred about the author?

A．The author is a Samoan.

B．The author succeeded in losing weight.

C．The author has been troubled by her/his weight.

D．The author probably got wounded in wars or accidents.

【小题4】According to the author, what is the common view of those who have lost some weight first and gained it back later?

A．They feel angry about the regained weight.

B．They don’t care about the regained weight.

C．They feel optimistic（乐观的）about future plans on weight control.

D．They think they should give up their future plans on weight control.

For many years, I was sure that my suffering was because of my size. I believed that when the weight disappeared, it would take old wounds, hurts, and rejections with it.

Many obese（overweight）people also mistakenly believe that changing our bodies will fix everything. Perhaps our worst mistake is believing that being thin means being loved, being special, and being cherished. We imagine what it will be like when we reach the long-awaited goal. We work very hard to realize this dream. Then, at last, we find ourselves there.

But we often gain back what we have lost. Even so, we continue to believe that next time it will be different. Next time, we will keep it off. Next time, being thin will finally realize its promise of happiness, and of course, love.

It took me a long while to know that there was something more for me to learn about beauty. Beauty standards are different with culture. In Somoa a woman is not considered attractive unless she weighs more than 200 pounds. More importantly, if it’s happiness that we want, why not put our energy there rather than on the size of our body? Why not look inside? Many of us try hard to change our body, but with no result. We have to find a way to live comfortably inside our body and make friends with and cherish ourselves. When we change our attitudes toward ourselves,  the whole world changes.

1.The passage tries to tell us the importance of ______.

A．body size

B．attitudes toward life

C．culture difference

D．different beauty standards

2.What does the underlined word “everything” (paragraph 2) mean?

A．All the problems.	B．All the bodies.
C．The whole world.	D．The truth.

3.What can be inferred about the author?

A．The author is a Samoan.

B．The author succeeded in losing weight.

C．The author has been troubled by her/his weight.

D．The author probably got wounded in wars or accidents.

4.According to the author, what is the common view of those who have lost some weight first and gained it back later?

A．They feel angry about the regained weight.

B．They don’t care about the regained weight.

C．They feel optimistic（乐观的）about future plans on weight control.

D．They think they should give up their future plans on weight control.

 

Imagine a world in which there was suddenly no emotion--a world in which human beings could feel no love or happiness, no terror or hate. Try to imagine the consequences of such a transformation. People might not be able to stay alive: knowing neither joy nor pleasure, anxiety nor fear, they would be as likely to repeat acts that hurt them as acts that were beneficial. They could not learn: they could not benefit from experience because this emotionless world would lack rewards and punishments. Society would soon disappear: people would be as likely to harm one another as to provide help and support. Human relationships would not exist: in a world without friends or enemies, there could be no marriage, affection among companions, or bonds （关系） among members of groups. Society's economic underpinnings （支柱） would be destroyed: since earning $10 million would be no more pleasant than earning $10, there would be no incentive to work. In fact, there would be no incentives of any kind, for as we will see, incentives imply a capacity to enjoy them.

In such a world, the chances that the human species would survive are next to zero, because emotions are the basic instrument of our survival and adaptation. Emotions structure the world for us in important ways. As individuals, we categorize objects on the basis of our emotions. True, we consider the length, shape, size, or texture, but an object's physical aspects are less important than what it has done or can do to us--hurt us, surprise us, anger us or make us joyful. We also use categorizations colored by emotions in our families, communities, and overall society. Out of our emotional experiences with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are "good" and others are "bad”, and we apply these categories to every aspect of our social life--from what foods we eat and what clothes we wear to how we keep promises and which people our group will accept. In fact, society uses our emotional reactions and attitudes, such as loyalty morality, pride shame, guilt, fear and greed, in order to maintain itself. It gives high rewards to individuals who perform important tasks such as surgery, makes heroes out of individuals for unusual or dangerous achievements such as flying fighter planes in a war, and uses the legal penal （刑法的） system to make people afraid to engage in antisocial acts.

1．Which of the following is Right according to the first paragraph?

A．People would not be able to tell the texture of objects.

B．People would not know what was beneficial and what was harmful to them.

C．$10 million is equal to $10 in a world without emotions.

D．There would be full of lies, arguments and violence.

2．It can be inferred from the passage that the economic foundation of society is dependent on _______.

　　A．the ability to make money　　       B．the capacity to work

　　C．the stimulus to work　　                     D．the categorizations of our emotional experiences

3．Emotions are significant for man's survival and adaptation because _______.

　　A．they provide the means by which people view the size or shape of objects.

　　B．they are the basis for the social feeling of agreement by which society is maintained.

　　C．they encourage people to perform dangerous achievements.

　　D．they produce more love than hate among people.

4．Why are the emotional aspects of an object more important than its physical aspects?

　　A．They help society use its members for profit.

　　B．They encourage us to perform important tasks.

　　C．They help to perfect the legal and penal system.

D．They help us adapt our behavior to the world surrounding us.

5．What is the text mainly about?

A．People could only live in a world with emotions.

B．People would always do bad things in the emotionless world.

C．Emotions are very important in the world.

D．Emotions structure the world for us in important ways.