(1题5分.2题7分 3题5分 共17分 )1. 在“探究凸透镜成像规律 的实验中:(1)第1小组的同学依次把点燃的蜡烛.透镜.光屏放在光具座上.但是在实验中无论怎样移动光屏都找不到清晰的像.请你帮他找出一个可能的原因: (2)第1.2两个实验小组分别进行了若干次操作.并把实验数据准确记录在右面表格中.请分析其中的数据.你能得出什么结论? 查看更多

 

题目列表(包括答案和解析)

完形填空 (共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Certainly dustmen prefer to be known as "Reuse Collection and Disposal Officers". You may think that this is rather    36 , and it is better to call a spade a spade. But dustmen can be as    37  as people of any other occupation, though we must     38   that their job is not a    39    one in the world. We often take dustmen for granted. Perhaps because they usually come very early in the morning, before most people are     40   .We are likely to forget their     41   .Our dustbins are    42   regularly, but we    43    stop to think about the men who do this. However, it is one of the most important jobs in the world, and when there are no dustmen to    44   the rubbish, the general    45   soon becomes aware that something is wrong. Recently, the dustmen of England went on strike for higher wages.
During the first few days it was regarded as a    46  .But when the first two weeks had passed, and the dustbins were overflowing in nearly every backyard in the country, the joke did not seem so    47   any more.    48   the strike continued, people could not    49   the hills of rubbish around their dustbins, and they looked for other places in which to    50  it. Even Leicester Square, in the heart of West End of London, was    51   high with plastic bags full of smelly rubbish. This was a(n)    52   attraction that the people of London were not at all     53   to see. Even when the strike was over, it took several weeks for the country to get cleaned up completely. Perhaps now the English people appreciate the work of    54  dustmen rather more    55   and won't take them for granted any more.
【小题1】
A.cleverB.sillyC.interestingD.reasonable
【小题2】
A.sensitiveB.carelessC.hopefulD.shy
【小题3】
A.realizeB.believeC.knowD.admit
【小题4】
A.necessaryB.difficultC.romanticD.heavy
【小题5】
A.awayB.upC.downD.in
【小题6】.
A.existenceB.presenceC.absenceD.performance
【小题7】
A.cleanedB.filledC.emptiedD.burned
【小题8】
A.generallyB.frequentlyC.sometimesD.seldom
【小题9】
A.take awayB.take offC.take upD.take on
【小题10】
A.societyB.citizenC.publicD.community
【小题11】
A.trickB.jokeC.troubleD.show
【小题12】
A.pleasingB.excitedC.stupidD.funny
【小题13】
A.WhenB.WhileC.AsD.Because
【小题14】
A.bearB.containC.manageD.control
【小题15】
A.keep offB.give upC.take care ofD.get rid of
【小题16】
A.crowdedB.piledC.fixedD.put
【小题17】
A.businessB.industrialC.touristD.agricultural
【小题18】.
A.disappointedB.seriousC.nervousD.happy
【小题19】
A.itsB.herC.hisD.their
【小题20】
A.highlyB.eagerlyC.lowlyD.entirely

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参考答案及评分说明二

一.选择题(共30分,每小题2分)

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答案

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(2004?青岛)物质的特性及其应用
晓丽收集到了如下的一些金属特性数据:
金属 密度/(×103kg/m3 熔点/℃ 比热容/[J/(kg?℃)] 导热性能 导电性能
2.7 660 0.88 4 4
8.9 1083 0.39 2 2
19.3 1063 0.13 3 3
钢铁 7.9 1540 0.46 8 7
11.3 327 0.13 9 9
10.5 961 0.24 1 1
(注:导电性能、导热性能的数值越小表示性能越好)
利用这个金属特性表,晓丽解决了不少问题:
(1)下图表示其中
金属的熔化过程,图象的
BC
BC
段表示该金属处于固液共存状态,熔化用了
15min
15min
时间.除金属外,常见的晶体还有
食盐
食盐
等.

(2)晓丽买了一件工艺品,但不知究意是什么金属制成的.于是她用天平和量筒对该工艺品的密度进行了测量,得到以下表格中的一些数据.请结合下图将表格填完整.
金属块的质量m/g 水的体积V1/ml 金属块和水的体积V2/ml 金属块的体积V/cm3 金属块的密度ρ/(kg/m3
10.8 14      

通过测量,发现这件工艺品是用表中
金属制成的,这种金属在日常生活中应用广泛,例如:
铝制烧水壶
铝制烧水壶
.这种金属的质量与体积的关系可用图象中的
c
c
直线来表示.图中直线a表示的是表中
铁(钢)
铁(钢)
金属的质量与体积的关系.
请你画出工艺品静止在上图量筒底部时的受力示意图(不计绳子的拉力).
(3)为了研究金属的吸热能力,晓丽做了如下的探究:
器材与装置:两个烧杯、两支温度计、质量相同的水和铁粉.

探究过程:将分别盛有水和铁粉的烧杯放到阳光下照射,用温度计每隔一段时间测一测温度,得到如下实验数据:
时间/min
温度/℃
0 3 6 9 12 15
铁粉 15 17 20 22 24 27
15 16 17 18 18 19
晓丽换用其它金属与水一起做相同的实验,均得出相似的数据.她经过数据分析,得出结论:质量相同的金属和水在阳光下照射相同的时间,金属升高的温度比水的
.为比较物质这种能力的不同,引入了比热容这一物理量.
因此,晓丽解释了家中暖气片内用水做循环物质的原因:因为水的比热容比较

(4)一个密度为ρ、底面积是S的圆柱体金属块,放在水平地面时,对地面的压强为p.晓丽要用一个动滑轮将它运送到楼上,动滑轮的机械效率为η,则圆柱体的质量有多大?匀速上提时晓丽要用多大的力?(已知重力与质量的比值为g)

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