When we walk through the city, we all experience a kind of information overload but we pay attention only to those that are important to us. We don't stop, we keep our faces expressionless and eyes straight ahead, and in doing so, we are not just protecting ourselves but are avoiding overloading other people as well.

We make use of stereotypes(刻板的模式)as convenient ways to make quick judgments about situations and people around us. They may not always be accurate(准确的), and they can often be dangerously wrong, but they are used regularly.

The problem with the stereotypes is that they restrict experience. By using limited clues to provide us with a rapid opinion of other people or places we may choose to limit our communication. We may decide not to go to certain places because we believe they will not offer something we enjoy.

In the city, styles of dress are particularly important with regard to self-presentation. Different groups often use clearly identifiable styles of clothes so that they can be easily recognized. It is becom-ing increasingly common for brand names to be placed on the outside of clothes, and this labeling makes it easy to send out information about fashion and price instantly, and lets others tell at a distance whether an individual has similar tastes and is a suitable person to associate with.

In England, where social grouping or class continues to make social distinctions (区分), clothes, hairstyles, people's pronunciation and the manner of speaking are all clues to our social group. Class distinctions tend to be relatively fixed, although in the city where greater variety is permitted, they are more likely to be secondary determining factors of friendship and association.

64. People walking in cities ignore(忽视) the surroundings because________.

A. the environment is already familiar to them

B. everyone else is expressionless

C. they do not wish to talk to other people

D. there is too much information to take in

65. According to the passage, the main disadvantage of using stereotypes is that they ________.

A. can rarely be relied on

B. may make us miss some pleasant experience

C. are likely to lead us into dangerous airports

D. make us mentally lazy

66. From the passage we may conclude that ________.

A. dressing can send messages about individuals

B. people are becoming more interested in fashion

C. stereotypes can help to understand people fully

D. stereotypes can do more good than harm to people

67. It would appear that in England, a person's class ________.

A. plays a more important role than it did in the past

B. is mainly determined by his pronunciation

C. might be less important in making friends in a city

D. is something that can be changed easily

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
When we walk through the city, we all experience a kind of information overload but we pay attention only to those that are important to us. We don’t stop, we keep our faces expressionless and eyes straight ahead, and in doing so, we are not just protecting ourselves but are avoiding overloading other people as well.
We make use of stereotypes as convenient ways to make quick judgments about situations and people around us. They may not always be accurate, and they can often be dangerously wrong, but they are used regularly.
The problem with the stereotypes is that they restrict experience. By using limited clues to provide us with a rapid opinion of other people or places we may choose to limit our communication. We may decide not to go to certain places because we believe they will not offer something we enjoy.
In the city, styles of dress are particularly important with regard to self-presentation. Different groups often use clearly identifiable styles of clothes so that they can be easily recognized. It is becoming increasingly common for brand names to be placed on the outside of clothes, and this labeling makes it easy to send out information about fashion and price instantly, and lets other tell at a distance whether an individual has similar tastes and is a suitable person to associate with.
In England, where social grouping or class continues to make social distinctions, clothes, hairstyles, people’s pronunciation and the manner of speaking are all clues to our social group. Class distinctions tend to be relatively fixed, although in the city where greater variety is permitted, they are more likely to be secondary determining factors of friendship and association.
【小题1】People walking in cities ignore the surroundings because _________________.

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
When we walk through the city, we all experience a kind of information overload but we pay attention only to those that are important to us. We don’t stop, we keep our faces expressionless and eyes straight ahead, and in doing so, we are not just protecting ourselves but are avoiding overloading other people as well.
We make use of stereotypes as convenient ways to make quick judgments about situations and people around us. They may not always be accurate, and they can often be dangerously wrong, but they are used regularly.
The problem with the stereotypes is that they restrict experience. By using limited clues to provide us with a rapid opinion of other people or places we may choose to limit our communication. We may decide not to go to certain places because we believe they will not offer something we enjoy.
In the city, styles of dress are particularly important with regard to self-presentation. Different groups often use clearly identifiable styles of clothes so that they can be easily recognized. It is becoming increasingly common for brand names to be placed on the outside of clothes, and this labeling makes it easy to send out information about fashion and price instantly, and lets other tell at a distance whether an individual has similar tastes and is a suitable person to associate with.
In England, where social grouping or class continues to make social distinctions, clothes, hairstyles, people’s pronunciation and the manner of speaking are all clues to our social group. Class distinctions tend to be relatively fixed, although in the city where greater variety is permitted, they are more likely to be secondary determining factors of friendship and association

1. 1.

   People walking in cities ignore the surroundings because ______.

   1. A.
      they do not wish to talk to other people
   2. B.
      everyone else is expressionless
   3. C.
      the environment is already familiar to them
   4. D.
      there is too much information to get
2. 2.

   According to the passage, the main disadvantage of using stereotypes is that they ______.

   1. A.
      are likely to lead us into dangerous situations
   2. B.
      may make us miss some pleasant experience
   3. C.
      can rarely be relied on
   4. D.
      make us mentally lazy
3. 3.

   From the passage we may conclude that ______.

   1. A.
      stereotypes can help to understand people fully
   2. B.
      people are becoming more interested in fashion
   3. C.
      dressing can send messages about individuals
   4. D.
      stereotypes can do more harm than good to people
4. 4.

   It would appear that in England, a person’s class ______.

   1. A.
      might be less important in making friends in a city
   2. B.
      is mainly determined by his pronunciation
   3. C.
      plays less of a role than it did in the past
   4. D.
      is something that can be changed easily

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　When we walk through the city, we all experience a kind of information overload but we pay attention only to those that are important to us. We don't stop, we keep our faces expressionless and eyes straight ahead, and in doing so, we are not just protecting ourselves but are avoiding overloading other people as well.

　　We make use of stereotypes (刻板的模式) as convenient ways to make quick judgements about situations and people around us. They may not always be accurate (正确的), and they can often be dangerously wrong, but they are used regularly.

　　The problem with the stereotypes is that they restrict experience. By using limited clues to provide us with a rapid opinion of other people or places we may choose to limit our communication. We may decide not to go to certain places because we believe they will not offer something we enjoy.

　　In the city, styles of dress are particularly important with regard to selfpresentation. Different groups often use clearly identifiable styles of clothes so that they can he easily recognized. It is becoming increasingly common for brand names to be placed on the outside of clothes, and this labeling makes it easy to send out information about fashion and price instantly, and lets others tell at a distance whether an individual has similar tastes and is a suitable person to associate with.

　　In England, where social grouping or class continues to make social distinctions (区分), clothes, hairstyles, people's pronunciation and the manner of speaking are all clues to our social group. Class distinctions tend to be relatively fixed, although in the city where greater variety is permitted, they are more likely to be secondary determining factors of friendship and association.

1．People walking in cities ignore the surroundings because ________.

[　　]

A．the environment is already familiar to them

B．everyone else is expressionless

C．they do not wish to talk to other people

D．there is too much information to take in

2．According to the passage, the main disadvantage of using stereotypes is that they ________.

[　　]

A．can rarely be relied on

B．may make us miss some pleasant experience

C．are likely to lead us into dangerous situations

D．make us mentally lazy

3．From the passage we may conclude that ________.

[　　]

A．dressing can send messages about individuals

B．people are becoming more interested in fashion

C．stereotypes can help to understand people fully

D．stereotypes can do more harm than good to people

4．It would appear that in England, a person's class ________.

[　　]

A．plays less of a role than it did in the past

B．is mainly determined by his pronunciation

C．might be less important in making friends in a city

D．is something that can be changed easily

第三节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

　    When I was 6 years old, my parents got me a used __21____ for Christmas.

A year or so later, I badly wanted a Sting-Ray, a tricked-out bike that was __22__in the 1960s. So my father took my old bike, slapped a new coat of paint on it, and _23____ it with a banana seat, monkey handlebars and a sissy bar（保护杠）. ___24___didn't matter to me that some friends had new Sting-Rays straight from the Schwinn factory. Or even that my dad put the sissy bar on backward, _25____ exposed me to some teasing（嘲笑） before we _26____ it. I loved that bike.

　　So it was for my __27___. We weren't poor. But we always had modest Christmases. And I _28____ to do the same when I got married 27 years ago.

　　My wife, Clarissa, had different _29____. She, too, had some __30___Christmases growing up. She vividly remembers when she was 14 or 15 years old and her father lost his __31__in the construction industry. She overheard her __32___ talking about how _33___ they were.

　　So when her parents asked her what she wanted that year, she said, 'Nothing.' When her mother insisted she had to get ___34__, Clarissa asked for socks. 'I felt very good about myself afterward,' she recalls.

　　But as her family's finances _35_____, Christmas went back to being a __36__ bigger production. By the time I arrived on the scene, the __37__ family -- more than 20 people -- would gather at her grandmother's house in Mexicali, Mexico, on Christmas Eve. Around 10 p.m., Santa (my future brother-in-law in a costume) showed up with an enormous bag of _38____ and stepped into a roomful of children crying with __39____

　　'It was all about the children,' says Clarissa, who thought the experience was _40___ .And she has spent hundreds of dollars on presents every year to duplicate(重温 )it.

21．A．car             B．bike           C．book            D．coat

22．A．popular        B．common        C．ordinary         D．regular

23．A．add           B．equipped       C．placed          D．supplied

24．A．That            B．This           C．It            D．What

25．A．so             B．thus           C．Which          D．it

26．A．bought          B．placed          C．fixed           D．changed

27．A．childhood       B．life            C．children         D．youth

28．A．imagined       B．expected        C．suggested       D．supposed

29．A．ideas           B．life            C．childhood       D．Christmas

30．A．unforgettable   B．modest          C．happy          D．wonderful

31．A．life           B．job             C．interest         D．present

32．A．friends         B．mother         C．father          D．parents

33．A．broke          B．rich            C．wealthy         D．well-off

34．A．nothing         B．something      C．everything       D．anything

35．A．improved      B．caught          C．reduced        D．decreased

36．A．very           B．more           C．less            D．much

37．A．all          B．big             C．small          D．entire

38．A．bikes          B．food           C．presents         D．books

39．A．surprise        B．joy            C．fear            D．satisfaction

40．A．wasteful        B．valueless       C．priceless     D．useful