完形填空

　　We have always been warned of the dangers of forest fires．They cause 　　1　　 to a forest．They kill many plants and animals in an eco-system, which is a group of living things and their environment．But have you ever heard of a forest fire that can be 　　2　　 for a forest? People start some of the fires with a special reason to actually do good to the eco-system．

　　In fact, fires are a natural part of any eco-system．Without fires, the oldest and largest trees would stop sunlight from reaching the forest floor．Fires can 　　3　　 some of these old trees．When the trees die, they provide something good for the earth．New trees can grow strong and healthy in their place．

　　Some trees even need fires to grow．These trees hold their seeds(种子)inside．Heat from a fire allows the coat of the seeds to open up．Then the seeds fall to the ground and have the 　　4　　 to grow/

　　Scientist, who know about nature’s needs, start some of these fires, called controlled burns．A fire is started and kept under control．This way, the fire does not spread out of the area or 　　5　　 a after forest fires, they can go hungry 　　6　　 their food has been damaged in the fire．Small, controlled fires mean than animals will not have to move far to find food．After some time, small plants begin to grow．Animals return soon after the plants return．This 　　7　　 makes an eco-system．

　　So the next time you hear about a forest fire, think about the good as well as the bad．It may take a new eco-system a while to return, but it will likely come back stronger and healthier than ever．

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阅读理解

　　When she turned ten, my daughter decided I was no longer good enough to provide input on anything useful．Then, in high school she took a parenting class．

　　“Mum, I need your idea,” she told me．“What are the skills you need to be a good parent?” she asked, pencil pointed over her homework．

　　Skills? I’d always thought of parenting as requiring patience, understanding and kindness．And I was pretty sure those were characteristics(性格), not skills．

　　“Hang on, I know this one,” I told her, thinking fast．Looking at the wall calendar(日历), I noted that my next seven days included two appointments(约会), 20 minutes each, three forms to hand in at two different schools and a cover for the pool to pick up．“Organizational(组织的)skills,” I answered．“It also helps if you can drive－and have the ability to be in two places at once．”

　　“Got it,” she said．“What else?”

　　I thought about the school year：school fees(学费), class pictures, running shoes．Not to mention weekly shopping－the bill for which was growing as fast as the kids．

　　“Financial(理财的)skills,”I said．“You’ll have to plan your money－especially if you end up with two birthdays in one pay period．You must be good at math, too．”

　　“Money and math make sense,”she said．“Anything more?”

　　“You also need a good memory,”I continued．“At any given time, you may remember birthdays, names of people and who likes apples or who can’t stand grape juice．”

　　I talked and talked．My daughter’s pencil moved quickly as she tried to keep up with what I was saying．Her homework finally finished．My daughter told me about a new parenting-skill project(项目)．“We’re getting dolls programmed to cry from time to time．We have to keep them with us all the time and take care of them．It’s to show us how hard it is to be a parent．”

　　I thought if students would come up with a doll that throws things around and shouts at the top of its voice, that might give them an idea of the patience, understanding and kindness that parenting requires．

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阅读理解

　　 There are many things we need to know that we do not learn at school.For example,if we want to use our money wisely,we need to shop carefully.We need to know how to compare(比较) the prices of things in different shops.We need to be able to compare the quality(质量) of different brands(品牌).We need to know how to make a choice when we shop.

　　Knowing how to make such choices is a "life skill".and we need these skills if we are to live useful and happy lives.

　　Some of these choices are small.For example,will I take an apple for lunch of a pear?Will I go to school by bus or on foot?Will I wear the red T-shirt or the blue one to the movies?Other choices are more important.For example,will I eat healthy food for lunch or will I eat junk 　 food because it is tastier?Will I work hard in all my classes or will I only work hard in the classes I enjoy?We make choices like this every day.

　　We have realized that the choices we make can affect the rest of our lives.Just as importantly,our choices can also affect other people.The next time you decide to waste time in class,play a joke on someone or talk loudly at the movies,think about this:who else does your choice affect?

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阅读理解

　　The widespread number of food scandals(丑闻)in China is making many people pause before they put their chopsticks in their mouth．They are wondering if the food they are eating is clean, healthy and nutritious or does it contain something harmful that will cause disease?

　　Most of the food we eat today is processed food(加工食品)．That means the foods we buy in stores and supermarkets, especially packaged foods, are prepared in factories．Chemicals are added to the foods in these factories to make them look better, taste better and last longer on the shelf．The chemicals are supposed to be harmless and there are laws that regulate which chemicals can and cannot be used．Unfortunately, some producers do not obey the laws．

　　A producer of steamed buns(馒头)in Zhejiang Province was recently discovered to be breaking the law．He was adding yellow dye and other banned chemicals to the buns．He was also taking old buns and using them to make new buns．Most of the buns were sold to schools and eaten by students．．．like you'

　　Why did he do it? Why did he break the law and endanger people's health? The answer is simple：he wanted to make more money．It was a moral failing, and this is at the heart of the food scandals in China．Too many people focus on making money and not on the effects their actions can have on others．

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