仔细阅读下面的短文并按要求完成后面的小题。
It is said that about half of the people in China smoke. Many young boys and girls have the habit of smoking, though they are middle school students.
More and more people have come to realize how serious this problem is. But they are never bored with it. ?Some people think it is a kind of fashion, some think it is of great fun and others think that smoking can refresh themselves.
Smoking causes many illnesses. A lot of people always cough ?             smoking. The most serious illness caused by smoking is lung cancer. At the same time smoking is a waste of money. Besides, careless smokers may cause dangerous firs.
?众所周知，吸烟有害于人体健康。In order to keep healthy, we should get rid of the bad habit of smoking. Please stop smoking at once.
1. 将?句划线部分译成汉语：                                               
2.在?句的空白处填入适当的词使句意完整、上下文通顺：              
3.将?句划线部分的汉语译成英语：                                        
4.列出短文中提到的吸烟的至少两点危害：                                  
5.该篇短文的主题是：                                                    

仔细阅读下面的短文并按要求完成后面的小题。

    It is said that about half of the people in China smoke. Many young boys and girls have the habit of smoking, though they are middle school students.

More and more people have come to realize how serious this problem is. But they are never bored with it. Some people think it is a kind of fashion, some think it is of great fun and others think that smoking can refresh themselves.

Smoking causes many illnesses. A lot of people always cough ‚              smoking. The most serious illness caused by smoking is lung cancer. At the same time smoking is a waste of money. Besides, careless smokers may cause dangerous firs.

ƒ众所周知，吸烟有害于人体健康。In order to keep healthy, we should get rid of the bad habit of smoking. Please stop smoking at once.

1. 将句划线部分译成汉语：                                               

2. 在‚句的空白处填入适当的词使句意完整、上下文通顺：               

3. 将ƒ句划线部分的汉语译成英语：                                        

4. 列出短文中提到的吸烟的至少两点危害：                                  

5. 该篇短文的主题是：                                                     

 

率真孔子
张期鹏
我读孔子，感受到的是他的率真。
在无数个深夜，我坐在桌前捧读《论语》，感觉这个中国古代最伟大的思想家就坐在我的面前。他的深邃目光，穿越2500多年的沧桑岁月，慈祥地注视着我。不知过了多长时间，他站起身来，慢慢地走向不可知的远方。我的眼前，顿时幻化出一片烂漫的充满书香气息的杏林。
我的思绪在漫长的时间隧道里穿梭，眼前的场景在变换，仿佛又回到了2500多年前的某一天。那一天，孔子把他的弟子子路、曾点、冉有、公西华召集到身边，让他们尽情地抒发自己的人生理想。子路说完，他只是微笑了一下；冉有和公西华说完，他没有表示任何意见，但似乎皱起了眉头。轮到曾点了，他在老师的鼓励下轻声说道：“莫春着，春服既成。冠者五六人，童子六七人，浴乎沂，风乎舞雩，咏而归。”就是这一段轻声地描绘，引来了孔子高声地感叹和赞许：“吾与点也！”
“只有曾点的说法符合我的心愿啊！”孔子的感叹和赞许，至今依然深深地撞击着我的心扉。千百年来，有多少人把他打扮成一个不苟言笑、循规蹈矩，而且一开口就是“君君、臣臣、父父、子子”，一闭口就是“仁”、“礼”、“忠恕”、“孝悌”之类的“至圣先师”，殊不知他始终怀着“浴乎沂，风乎舞雩，咏而归”的童心童趣。岂止是童心童趣啊，暮春时节，穿着新做的春服，五六个朋友一道，带着六七个孩子，在沂河里畅快地沐浴，在求雨台上迎接浩荡的春风，然后一路唱着悠扬的歌曲回去，难道不是孔子的人生理想吗？
这是一个多么可爱、多么率真的孔子！
孔子作为一个政治家，自然始终怀有强烈的政治热情、政治抱负和政治追求；但作为一个“士”，他更有知识分子思想纯洁和崇高的一面，不会为了某种政治利益而牺牲自己的独立人格。他30多岁的时候，因为对鲁国“三桓”的骄横跋扈不满，来到了齐国。他对齐景公讲了一番治国安邦的道理，齐景公好像很乐意接受。但他似乎又太直率了，他敏锐地看到齐国最大的危机是宫廷的奢侈，并且坦率地指出了这一点，引起了景公的极大不满。他冷冷地对孔子说：“我已经老了，也不可能有什么大作为了。以您的才能，在我这里实在太委屈了。”对于这样的逐客令，《论语》中没有记载孔子的反应，只是说了一句“孔子行”。但就是这样一句“孔子行”，使我看到了他面对景公的凛然的表情。以孔子的温文尔雅，他不会怒斥一个自己认为不值得怒斥的人，他当时一定是“色勃如也”，一脸严肃地转身离去；“趋近，翼如也”，脚步越走越快，像鸟儿舒展开了自己的翅膀。这就是有着率真个性、独立人格的孔子啊！
我同时隐约地感到，孔子作为一个凡人，内心也有着复杂的情感，思想深处也有着复杂的矛盾，有时甚至会陷入一种痛苦的矛盾斗争之中。特别是在自己理想不能实现的时候，心里真比黄连还苦。在他快50岁的那一年，眼看着壮志难酬，内心的急切终于表现在了一次差一点成为现实的冒险行动上。那一年，鲁国“三桓”之一季桓子的一个家臣发动叛乱，占据了鲁国的费城，并想以此来对抗鲁国。为了壮大自己的声威，他特意邀请孔子参加自己的反叛行动，这一次孔子真的沉不住气了，竟然想去参加叛军。子路急切地来劝他，他自知理亏，但又为自己无望的前程悲哀，于是理屈词穷地抢白子路：“他们召我去，难道我会白去吗？如果他们是真心用我，我可以帮助他们建设一个我梦想的东周王朝啊！”
孔子当然没有成行，但即使只是这样一种想法，也引起了后人的激烈论争。在他死后2500多年的时间里，不知有多少人为他的这次冒险行为辩解，他们认为 “圣人”孔子是绝对不会有这样的想法、说出这样的话的。但我却相信这是真的，因为我知道，孔子也是食人间烟火、吃五谷杂粮的，都快50岁了还一事无成，能不着急吗？我在今天可以想象孔子当时那种急切的样子，想象他面红耳赤地训斥子路的情景，不仅没有感到损伤了孔子形象的一分一毫，反而觉得这才是真正的孔子：太率真、太可爱、太伟大了。
大哉孔子！
（选自2008年12期《中华活页文选》）
【小题1】读完全文，作者是怎样评价孔子的？
【小题2】文章是从哪些方面论述孔子的“率真”的？请简要概述。
【小题3】从文章的第三、四自然段孔子与他的弟子们畅谈理想的事例中，你读出了孔子怎样的人生理想？
【小题4】作者写到孔子到齐国劝说齐景公的事例，阐明了什么观点？
【小题5】2009年是孔子诞辰2560周年，届时将举行盛大的庆典，请你为这次活动写一条宣传语。

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A)、(B)、(C)和(D)中，选出可以完成句子或回答所提问题的最佳选项，并填写在题前括号内。

　　After supper, Mr. Hunt came out. The sun was setting down in the west and it was a little cool outside. Few people would stay at home. There were a lot of people near the river. He was walking along the bank while some friends greeted him. An hour later, he felt tired and sat down on a chair near the end of the bridge.

　　Suddenly, the old man heard a violent(激烈的) quarrel at the other end. He stood up and saw several people were there. As a policeman, he thought it was his duty to find out what was. happening to them. He went there and noticed four women quarrelling with each other. He tried to prevent them from doing it, but nobody listened to him. He thought for a while and had an idea.

　　“Let's hear the oldest speak first!”

　　Hearing this, all of them stopped and left in a hurry, with red faces.

1．Few people would stay at home because ________.

[　　]

A．it was hot in the houses

B．they enjoyed walking after supper

C．they hoped to talk with their friends

D．the scenery outside was nice

2．Mr. Hunt thought ________, so he went to the other end of the bridge.

[　　]

A．the women would listen to him

B．he should prevent them from quarrelling

C．the women would say something interesting

D．he should take the women to the police station

3．Each woman was afraid to ________, so they hurried off.

[　　]

A．be sent to a police station

B．be thought as the oldest

C．go home too late

D．see the old policeman

阅读理解

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以完成句子或回答所提问题的最佳选项。

　　Japanese students work very hard but many are unhappy. They feel heavy pressures (压力) from their parents. Most students are always told by their parents to study harder and harder so that they can have a wonderful life when they grow up. Though this may be a good idea for those very bright students, it can have terrible results for many students who aren't gifted (天赋) enough. Many of them have tried very hard at study but have failed in the exams and have their parents lose hope. Such students feel that they are hated by everyone else they meet and they don't want to go to school any longer. They become dropouts.

　　It is surprising that though most Japanese are worried about their children, they do not help them in any way. Many parents feel that they are not able to help their children and that it is the teachers' work to help their children. To make matters worse, a lot of parents sent their children to those schools opening in the evenings and on weekends. They only help the students to pass the exams and never teach them very real sense of the world.

　　Many Japanese schools usually have rules about everything from the students to their clothes and things in their schoolbags. Child psychologists (心理学家) now think that such strict rules are harmful to the feelings of the students. Almost 40% of the students said that no one had taught them how to get on with others, how to tell right from wrong and how to show love and care for others, even for their parents.

1．Dropouts are those who ________.

[　　]

A．make troubles in and out of school

B．go about or stay home instead of begin at school

C．try hard but always fail in the exams

D．lose hope and gave up some of their subjects

2．According to the passage, it's necessary to teach students ________.

[　　]

A．how to study well

B．how to get on with others

C．to show love and care for others

D．all above

3．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?

[　　]

A．The trouble in Japanese Schools

B．The Problem of Japanese Students

C．Education in Japan

D．The Pressures on the Students in Japan