One of the most famous scientists to study adaptations(适应能力) was Charles Darwin(达尔文). He was born in England in 1809. He wasn’t the best student in his school, but when he was 16, his father sent him to a medical school. Charles liked spending time outdoors observing(观察) nature more than having medical classes. He dropped out without graduating.
Next, Charles’ father sent him to school to become a minister(牧师). This time he made it to graduation, but he didn’t want to do the work of a minister. His friends encouraged him to follow his interest in science.
Luckily, Charles was invited to sail on the Beagle as an unpaid scientist after graduation. The Beagle was to travel to South America and then around the world. Their task was to make maps of the places they visited.
On December 27th, 1831. Charles Darwin sailed from England on the Beagle. The trip was planned to last two years. In fact, it lasted five. During this time, he saw many amazing things. He collected lots of plants and animals and took them back to England to begin his scientific study.
Twenty-three years later, Darwin published a scientific paper with another man named Wallace. Darwin described how some animals have adaptations that help them survive. They are passed on to offspring(后代). Darwin’s ideas about adaptations are still very important to the study of living things.
【小题1】Darwin was very interested in ____________.

A．having medical classes	B．the work of a minister
C．sailing around the world	D．science and nature

【小题2】The trip on the Beagle lasted ____________ years.

A．five	B．four
C．three	D．two

【小题3】When Darwin published the scientific paper, he was ____________ years old.

A．twenty	B．twenty-three
C．forty-five	D．fifty

【小题4】The underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refers to ____________.

A．adaptations	B．Darwin and Wallace
C．animals	D．Darwin’s ideas

阅读下面材料，从每题所给的三个选项（A、B和C）中，选出最佳选项。

What should you take in with you when you take an exam? Pen, pencil, eraser, ruler … and don’t forget a bottle of water!

According to a study held in London, students who bring water into exams may improve their grades by up to 10%.

Scientists in UK did the study on 448 students. The students were studying for different degrees  at the University of East London. Only 25% of them entered the exam hall with water.

Scientists then compared their exam results with their normal schoolwork grades. They found that all those who had brought water with them got better grades by 2% to10%.

Scientists also predicted the students’ scores according to their normal schoolwork. They wrote down their possible scores on paper before exams.

It is unclear why drinking water improves exam results. But scientists say having enough water in our bodies and not feeling thirsty could have a helpful effect on our brains. Drinking water may also reduce anxiety (焦虑), which has a bad effect on exam performances.

“Whatever the explanation is, it is clear that students should try hard to stay hydrated (含水的) with water during exams,” one of the scientists said.

So next time, when you are going to have a big exam, try bringing a bottle of water with you. It may help you pass the exam!

1.According to the study, students who bring water to exams may ______.

A. get better scores

B. feel worried in exams

C. be smarter than others

2.How many students brought water during the exam in the study by the UK scientists?

A. 25.      B. 112.     C. 448.

3.Having enough water in exams ______.

A. makes the students smarter

B. helps the students stay calm

C. improves the students’ scores by 20%

4.The underlined word “predicted” means “______”.

A. 预测                B. 提高               C. 更正

5.What’s the best title for the passage?

A. The more water, the higher scores

B. Anxiety in the exams

C. Water helps in exams

 

In life, people come across many experiences, which they remember all their lives. I had a similar experience, too.
It was the day of my last paper of the final exam. My uncle had invited me to spend my vacation with him. I was especially excited about the invitation that my uncle had given me to stay with him for a few days in Cambridge.
On that day we got into our classroom. The teacher quickly handed out the paper. The exam would last two hours and some of the expected questions came. I finished it almost forty-five minutes earlier. But since it was a rule not to collect the paper before the allotted（规定的）time. I had to sit till the teacher collected the paper. I checked my paper twice and corrected some of the mistakes in it. I started thinking about the place my friends and I had planned to go to after the exam. The time seemed to be endless. So I thought of drawing something on the paper and turned it overleaf. I was shocked to see that the page which I had supposed to be blank had four more questions on it which carried 20 marks and would take at least half an hour to complete. There were only 10 minutes left. I was so nervous that I could hardly write anything. They were the sub-questions（小题）of the last question. Suddenly our physics teacher came in and told all of us that in the last question, out of 6 sub-questions only 2 had to be solved. I felt very relieved.
From then on, I realized that my anxiousness and excitement could have cost me to lose 20 marks and decided never to make such a mistake again.
【小题1】Which of the following statements is true?

A．The writer didn’t work hard at physics.

B．The writer lost 20 marks for the last question.

C．The writer made some mistakes during the exam.

D．The questions on the paper were difficult for the writer.

【小题2】The underlined word “relieved” means ________.

A．less worried	B．less afraid
C．more surprised	D．more nervous

【小题3】 We can infer（推断） from the passage that _____________.

A．the writer did 2 sub-questions of the last question

B．the writer finished doing all the sub-questions

C．the writer spent 45 minutes finishing the paper

D．the writer got full marks in the physics exam

【小题4】We can learn from the passage that we should _____________.

A．learn some exam skills

B．be careful not to make mistakes in the exam

C．try our best to do well in the exam

D．concentrate on what we are doing

Choose the words or expressions to complete the passage(选择最恰当的单词或词语，完成短文)
For many years the United States and the other countries used gold and silver as money. Paper money was used to stand for the holdings(储备)of both gold and silver. The value of silver was limited to that of gold. Fifteen ounces(盎司) of silver had the same value of one ounce of gold. These values did not change until after 1860 when mines(银矿)in the west of the United States began to  1 large amounts of silver. This extra amount of silver caused the price of silver to 2    . Then fifteen ounces of silver would no longer buy one ounce of gold. In 1871 Germany declared(宣布)that it would not support its paper money with silver any more. Instead, it would use only gold. Other countries of Europe quickly  3 the same. The United States passed a law in 1973 that prevented the government from using silver as money. Western silver producers protested(抗议)loudly and put much pressure on the  4 makers. Five years later a new law was 5 . It said that the government must buy four and half million ounces of silver each month. The new law increased the amount of silver money. The country had two kinds of quite different views on the issue(发行)silver money. Businessmen, bankers and other rich men wanted to 6  the use of silver money because it made the dollar less valuable. But farmers, laborers and the others who owned the money not only wanted silver money but also wanted an unlimited supply of it.

【小题1】

A．produce B．find C．search D．dig

【小题2】

A．rise B．lift C．fall D．set

【小题3】

A．did B．took C．made D．acted.

【小题4】

A．law B．money C．gold D．silver

【小题5】

A．refused B．accepted C．planned D．passed

【小题6】

A．end B． continue C．protect D．allow

Mr. Black loved his daughter Helen very much. Every day he spent all of his free time   51   with her. One night, he had much work to do,  52   couldn't play with his daughter. In order to keep her   53   , he found a map of the world in a magazine and cut it into pieces. When he   54  , Helen. camerunning to him and was ready to play. Mr. Black said he had
55   time to play fight now. He told the girl to put the pieces of paper back together to a map of the world, and then they could both play.
About half an hour later, Helen came to her father and said, "Okay, it's finished. Can we play now? " Mr. Black was surprised ~ saying, "That's   56    Let's go and see. " And sure enough, there was the picture of the world; all put together, every   57   in its place.
Mr. Black said, "That's surprising!   58   did you do that?" Helen said, "It was   59  . On the back of the page was a picture of a   60  .When I put the man together, the whole world fell into place. "

【小题1】

A．working B．running C．playing D．walking

【小题2】

A．or B．and C．but D．then

【小题3】

A．sleepy . B．warm C．free D．busy

【小题4】

A．left home B．got home C．let the office D．got to the office

【小题5】

A．no B．enough C．much D．some

【小题6】

A．right " B．wrong C．possible D．impossibl

【小题7】

A．map B．picture C．piece D．page

【小题8】

A．How B．Why C．When D．Where

【小题9】

A．hard B．simple C．difficult D．different

【小题10】

A．boy B．girl C．man D．woman