第三部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

As many as 20% of all children in the United States suffer from some form of the learning disorder called dyslexia（读写困难症）.

Experts on dyslexia say that the problem is not a disease． They say that persons with dyslexia use information in a different way. One of the world's great thinkers and scientists Albert Einstein was dyslexic． Einstein said that he never thought in words the way that most people do. He said that he thought in pictures instead. The American inventor Thomas Edison was also dyslexia. Dyslexia first was recognized in Europe and the United States more than 80 years ago. Many years passed before doctors discovered that persons with the disorder were not mentally slow or disabled. The doctors found that the brains of persons with dyslexia are different, In most people, the left side of the brain — the part that controls language — is larger than the right side. In persons with dyslexia, the right side of the brain is bigger. Doctors are not sure what causes this difference. However, a research has shown that dyslexia is more common in males than in females, and it is found more often in persons who are left-handed.

No one knows the cause of dyslexia, but some scientists believe that it may result from chemical changes in a baby's body long before it is born. They are trying to find ways to teach persons with dyslexia． Dyslexia persons think differently and need special kinds of teaching help. After they have solved their problems with language, they often show themselves to be especially intelligent or creative.

1．Einstein and Edison are spoken of in the passage to prove that ________.

A．they suffered from dyslexia

B．they succeeded because of dyslexia

C．they are neither slow in thinking nor disabled

D．dyslexia is not a disease

2．Who is the most unlikely to suffer from dyslexia?

A．Left-handed persons .      B．Inventors.

C．Females.       D．Males.

3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?

A．Once persons with dyslexia have their language problems solved, they will be intelligent

and creative.

B．The left brain of the person with dyslexia is larger than the right side of brain .

C．People have no idea of the cause of dyslexia .

D．Experts think the cause of dyslexia may be related to chemical changes in baby's body long  before its birth.

4．The passage mainly talk about ______.

A．some form of the learning disorder       B．a serious disease

C．the intelligence of the great people .      D．the teaching help to persons with dyslexia.

5．The persons with dyslexia ________.

A．are some kinds of sick persons      B．are mentally slow

C．think differently from common people D．are all males

 

There is no other five-year –old like him. He has a potato-shaped head , thick eyebrows and a voice that is not easily forgotten. He is not evil, but trouble follows him wherever he goes.

Crayon Shinchan（蜡笔小新）enjoys great popularity in China. He has many fans in Hong Kong , Taiwan and on the mainland. And he is one of the hottest cartoon characters in his home country, Japan.

But, the trouble-maker’s show was ranked the No. 1 most unwanted cartoon program by Japan’s Parents’ Association on April 18.

More than half the parents who took part in the study thought Shinchan was a negative role model for children. They believed his actions and speech were adult in nature and not suitable for kids.

Many parents and education experts in China agree with them. Shinchan, they say, is really offensive. He looks out for pretty ladies on the street; at the bookstore he reads magazines full of sexy women; he pretends to be kidnapped by his teacher when he sees a police car; and he raises his mum’s skirt and shouts out the color of her underpants if she doesn’t buy him what he wants.

“Crayon Shimchan is full of dirty humor. The boy shows some terrible adult mentality(心态),which doesn’t match his age,” said Pang Lijuan, professor of the Education Department at Beijing Normal University. Pang further pointed out that Shinchan destroys the traditional image of a polite, hard-working boy. She fears that some teens may copy his behavior and harm their psychological development. Pang and many others in China think that Shinchan is a cartoon for adults-----not for children.

But some kids disagree. Jiangxin, a senior 2 student in Luhe Middle School in Beijing, became a fan of Shinchan after he first saw the cartoon two years ago. He said it is Shinchan’s humor , courage, and cleverness that makes him and his friends love the little cartoon character . “Shinchan looks at the adults’ world with kid’s eyes. He uncovers the hypocrisy(虚伪) and selfishness in a childish way,” explained Jiang. “We watch it just for fun.” But Jiang also admitted that Shinchan is not good for all ages. “It may not be suitable for primary school kids. They may try to blindly copy him.”

Shinchan’s “father ”, Japan’s popular cartoonist, Yoshito Ushi, never thought Shinchan would cause such a heated discussion. He argued that Shinchan is a childish copy of Japan’s middle-aged men. The boy does everything adults would like, but don’t dare to do. “People can easily forgive him because he’s only five years old,” said Yoshito.

1. Teachers and parents dislikes Crayon Shinchan because         .

A. he looks very ugly                      

B. he caused a heated discussion

C. the character was created by an adult cartoonist

D. he was regarded as a negative role model for children to follow  

2.Many children are crazy about Shinchan mainly because        .

A. he looks very funny                    

B. the cartoon character is suitable for all ages

C. they think he is humorous, clever and brave

D. he is a childish copy of Japan’s middle-aged men

3.The underlined word “offensive” in Paragraph 5 probably means        .

A. humorous     B. ugly-looking     C. funny    D. unpleasant 

4.What is Yoshito Ushi’s explanation of Shinchan’s behaviour?

A. Shinchan is such a naughty boy that he can’t behave himself.

B. Shinchan is trying to draw people’s attention by doing some offensive things.

C. Shinchan wants to set a role model in a different way.

D. Shinchan’ s behaviour is just a childish copy of Japan’s middle-aged men.

 

NOT all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget

bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive these experiences in nightmares.

Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce ,or possibly erase(抹去),the effect of painful memories.

In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased.

The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it.

Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers' troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.

“Some memories can ruin people's lives . They come back to you when you don't want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions,” said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. "This could relieve a lot of that suffering."

But those who are against the research say that changing memories is very dangerous because memories give us our identity (特质). They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past.

"All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. I'm not sure we want to wipe those memories out, "said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist.

47. The passage is mainly about _________.

A. a new medical invention

B. a new research on the pill

C. a way of erasing painful memories

D. an argument about the research on the pill

48. The drug tested on people can __________.

A. cause the brain to fix memories

B. stop people remembering bad experiences

C. prevent body producing certain chemicals

D. Wipe out the emotional effects of memories

49. We can infer from the passage that ___________.

A. people doubt the effects of the pills

B. the pill will stop people's bad experiences

C. taking the pill will do harm to people's health

D. the pill has probably been produced in America

50. Which of the following does Rebecca Dresser agree with?

A. Some memories can ruin people's lives.

B. People want to get rid of bad memories.

C. Experiencing bad events makes us different from others.

D. The pill will reduce people's sufferings from bad memories.

 

第II卷（选择题共35分）

第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节：任务型读写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意：表格中的每个空格只填一个单词。请将答案写在答题卡相应题号的横线上。

Some people believe that greed and selfishness has become the basis of modern society, and we should return to the old traditions of family and community then we will have a better life. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the above opinion?

In this fast-paced world, many values are undergoing major changes. While people traditionally prioritize caring, sharing and generosity in life and work, modern people seem to be more self-absorbed and self-concerned.

Modern people act selfishly to survive the harsh competition of life. They say that it is a jungle out there. To survive, you have to fight with whatever means that come handy. Obviously greedy and selfishness go perfectly well with such ideas. In a company, employees do everything they can to get better pay and higher position, even at the cost of colleagues. We are in any way advocating any selfish conduct. It is just that people are pressured to act in a certain way due to outside influences.

In spite of common practice, it is hard to conclude that modern society is built on greed and selfishness, both of which are not newly invented vocabulary. In ancient times people also did greedy and selfish things though such behaviors were more condemned then. But we can not ignore the fact that people in the past lived a relatively more isolated life and faced less pressure compared with their modern counterparts.

Are we happier to share with others and be generous to them? There is no fixed answer either. Some people take great pleasure helping and giving to others while others feel happy doing the opposite. But I personally think that people should not be too selfish. Caring for others can actually encourage the development of a mutually beneficial relationship.

In conclusion, modern people appear to be more self-centered than those in the past due to strong outside pressure. However, we should encourage people to know the importance of being caring and generous and to build a mutually beneficial relationship with others.

Are Modern People Becoming More Selfish?

Main comparisons	Contexts
__1__ are changing	In the past people put caring, sharing  and generosity in the first ____2____.
Nowadays, people seem to be more ____3____about themselves.
___4___are changing too.	People in the past appeared to be modest and self-effacing(谦让的).
People may strive to achieve their own __5___ at the price of their coworkers.
The author’s  understanding
___6____ for the changes in author’s eyes	Fierce __7___ and great __8___on modern people may be responsible for the changes.
The author’s ___9____towards topic	A relationship which can ___10___ two sides should be established.

                          

 

Marley is a businessman. His business is freezing people. He works for a company in California called Trans Time. Trans Time freezes people after they die. Why does Trans Time freeze people? Doctors today can cure many diseases, but they cannot cure all diseases. People still get sick and die. Maybe in the future doctors will have medicine for all diseases. Some people think so. They want Trans Time to freeze their bodies after they die. Maybe 100 or 200, or 300 years later, Trans Time doctors will bring the people back to life. The doctors will cure their diseases, and the people will be alive and healthy again.

People often ask the scientists at the Trans Time, “How will Trans Time bring dead people back to life?” They say, “We can freeze a healthy animal and bring it back to life. We think that someday it will be possible with human.” When they say “someday”, they mean years from now — maybe 100 or 200 years. How can Trans Time keep people frozen for 200 years?

After a person dies, workers at Trans Time cool the body with ice and chemicals. When the body is very cold, workers put the body into a capsule (密封舱). They fill the capsule with liquid nitrogen (液氮). The temperature in it is 196 degrees centigrade below zero. Every two weeks workers add more liquid nitrogen. The liquid nitrogen keeps the bodies frozen.

Trans Time charges $21,000 to freeze a body and $59,000 to keep a body frozen. That’s $80,000 all together. It is a lot of money. But some people think that $80,000 is a fair price. It’s a fair price for a chance to live again, isn’t it?

1.What kind of people does Trans Time serve? (No more than 2 words)

                                                                               

2.How much should one pay together, if he wants his body to be cooled and kept by Trans Time?

(No more than 2 words)

                                                                               

3.Why do people want to be frozen? (No more than 9 words)

                                                                               

4.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? (No more than 6 words)