“I THIRST” 
Each day water-related diseases kill 3,900 of the world’s children.
Across the world, 1.1 billion people have no access to clean drinking water. More than 2.6 billion people lack basic sanitation (卫生设备). 
The combination proves deadly. Each year, diseases related to inadequate water and sanitation kill between 2 and 5 million people and cause an estimated 80 percent of all sicknesses in the developing world. Safe drinking water is a precondition for health and the fight against child death rate, inequality between men and women, and poverty.
Consider these facts:
* The average distance that women in Africa and Asia walk to collect water is 6 kilometres.
* Only 58 percent of children in sub-Sharan Africa are drinking safe water, and only 37 percent of children in South Asia have access to even a basic toilet.
* Each year in India alone, 73 million working days are lost to water-borne diseases.
Here are three ways you can help:
1) Write Congress
Current U.S. foreign aid for drinking water and sanitation budgets only one dollar per year per American citizen. Few members of Congress have ever received a letter from voters about clean drinking water abroad.
2) Sponsor a project with a faith-based organization
Many U.S. religious groups already sponsor water and sanitation projects, working with partner organizations can make safe water a reality for thousands of people.
3) Support nonprofit water organizations
Numerous U.S. based nonprofits work skillfully abroad in community led projects related to drinking water and sanitation. Like the sample of non-profits noted as follows, some organizations are large, others small-scale, some operate world-wide, others are devoted to certain areas in Africa, Asia, Latin America. Support them generously

1. 1.

   The three facts presented in the passage are used to illustrate that ______

   1. A.
      poverty can result in water-borne diseases
   2. B.
      people have no access to clean drinking water
   3. C.
      women’s rights are denied in some developing countries
   4. D.
      safe drinking water should be a primary concern
2. 2.

   The intended readers of the passage are _______

   1. A.
      Americans
   2. B.
      overseas sponsors
   3. C.
      Congressmen
   4. D.
      U.S. based water organizations
3. 3.

   The main purpose of the passage is to call on people to ______

   1. A.
      get rid of water-related diseases in developing countries
   2. B.
      donate money to people short of water through religious groups
   3. C.
      fight against the worldwide water shortage and sanitation problem
   4. D.
      take joint action in support of some nonprofit water organizations

Disposing (处理) of waste has been a problem since humans started producing it. As more and more people choose to live close together in cities, the waste-disposal problem becomes increasingly difficult.

During the eighteenth century, it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select faraway spot as a dump site. Residents or trash haulers (垃圾拖运者) would transport house hold rubbish, rotted wood, and old possessions to the site. Periodically (定期的) some of the trash was buried and the rest was buried .Me unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived close by.

Factories, mills, and other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of. Those located on rivers often just dumped the unwanted remains into the water. Others built huge burners with chimneys to deal with the problem.

Several facts make these choices unacceptable to modern society. The first problem is space. Dumps, which are now called landfills, are most needed in heavily populated areas. Such areas rarely have empty land suitable for this purpose. Property is either too expensive or too close to residential (住宅区的) neighborhoods. Long-distance trash hauling has been a common practice, but once farm areas are refusing to accept rubbish from elsewhere, cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is almost nonexistent.

Awareness (意识) of pollution dangers has resulted in more strict rules of waste disposal. Pollution of rivers, ground water, land and air is a price people can no longer pay to get rid of waste. The amount of waste, however, continues to grow.

Recycling efforts have become commonplace, and many towns require their people to take part. Even the most efficient recycling programs, however, can hope to deal with only about 50 percent of a city's reusable waste.

The most suitable title for this passage would be

A．Places for Disposing Waste　　　　　 B．Waste Pollution Dangers

C．Ways of Getting Rid of Waste　　　　 D．Waste Disposal Problem

During the 18th century, people disposed their waste in many ways EXCEPT for__________.

A．burying it　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B．recycling it.

C．burning it　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D．throwing it into rivers

What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph?

A．Farm areas accept waste from the city in modern society.

B．There is cheap land to bury waste in modern society.

C．It is difficult to find space to bury waste in modem society.

D．Ways to deal with waste in modem society stay the same.

The main purpose of writing this article is to________.

A．draw people's attention to waste management

B．warn people of the pollution dangers we are facing

C．call on people to take part in recycling programs

D．tell people a better way to get rid of the waste

Across the world, 1.1 billion people have no access to clean drinking water. More than 2.5 billion people lack basic sanitation.(卫生设备)

The combination proves deadly. Each year, diseases related to inadequate water and sanitation kill between 2 and 5 million people and cause an estimated 80 percent of all sicknesses in the developing world. Safe drinking water is a precondition for health and the fight against child death rate, inequality between men and women, and poverty.

Consider these facts:

●The average distance that women in Africa and Asia walk to collect water is 6 kilometers.

●Only 58 percent of children in sub-Saharan Africa are drinking safe water and only 37 percent of children in South Asia have access to even a basic toilet.

●Each year in India alone, 73 million working days are lost to water-borne diseases.

Here are three ways you can help:

1) Write Congress

Current U.S. foreign aid for drinking water and sanitation budgets only one dollar per year per American citizen. Few members of Congress have ever received a letter from voters about clean drinking water abroad.

2) Sponsor a project with a faith-based organization

Many U.S. religious groups already sponsor water and sanitation projects, working with partner organizations abroad. Simply put a single project by a U.S. organization can make safe water a reality for thousands of people.

3) Support nonprofit water organizations

Numerous U.S.-based nonprofits work skillfully abroad in community-led projects related to drinking water and sanitation. Like the sample of non-profits noted as follows, some organizations are large, other small-scale, some operate worldwide, others are devoted to certain areas in Africa, Asia, or Latin America. Support them generously.

68. The three facts presented in the passage are used to illustrate that________.

A. poverty can result in water-borne diseases

B. people have no access to clean drinking water

C. women’s rights are denied in some developing countries

D. safe drinking water should be a primary concern

69. The main purpose of the passage is to call on people to _________.

A. get rid of water-related diseases in developing countries

B. donate money to people short of water through religious groups

C. fight against the worldwide water shortage and sanitation problem

D. take joint action in support of some nonprofit water organizations

70. What information will probably be provided following the last paragraph?

A. A variety of companies and their worldwide operation.

B. A list of nonprofit water organizations to make contact with.

C. Some ways to get financial aids from U.S. Congress.

D. A few water resources exploited by some world-famous organizations.

阅读理解

Each day water-related diseases kill 3 900 of the world's children

　　Across the world, 1.1 billion people have no access to clean drinking water. More than 2.6 billion people lack basic sanitation(卫生设备) .

　　The combination proves deadly. Each year, diseases related to inadequate water and sanitation kill between 2 and 5 million people and cause an estimated 80 percent of all sicknesses in the developing world. Safe drinking water is a precondition for health and the fight against child death rate, inequality between men and women, and poverty.

　　Consider these facts:

　　●The average distance that women in Africa and Asia walk to collect water is 6 kilometers.

　　●Only 58 percent of children in sub-Saharan Africa are drinking safe water, and only 37 percent of children in South Asia have access to even a basic toilet.

　　●Each year in India alone, 73 million working days are lost to water-borne diseases.

　　Here are three ways you can help:

　　1) Write Congress

　　Current U.S. foreign aid for drinking water and sanitation budgets only one dollar per year per American citizen. Few members of Congress have ever received a letter from voters about clean drinking water abroad.

　　2) Sponsor a project with a faith-based organization

　　Many U.S. religious groups already sponsor water and sanitation projects, working with partner organizations abroad. Simply put, a single project by a U. S. organization can make safe water a reality for thousands of people.

　　3) Support nonprofit water organizations

　　Numerous U.S. -based nonprofits work skillfully abroad in community-led projects related to drinking water and sanitation. Like the sample of nonprofits noted as follows, some organizations are large, others small-scale; some operate worldwide, others are devoted to certain areas in Africa, Asia, or Latin America. Support them generously.

1．The three facts presented in the passage are used to illustrate that ________ .

[　　]

A．poverty can result in water-borne diseases

B．people have no access to clean drinking water

C．women's rights are denied in some developing countries

D．safe drinking water should be a primary concern

2．The intended readers of the passage are ________ .

[　　]

A．Americans

B．overseas sponsors

C．Congressmen

D．U . S. -based water organizations

3．The main purpose of the passage is to call on people to ________ .

[　　]

A．get rid of water-related diseases in developing countries

B．donate money to people short of water through religious groups

C．fight against the worldwide water shortage and sanitation problem

D．take joint action in support of some nonprofit water organizations

4．What information will probably be provided following the last paragraph?

[　　]

A．A variety of companies and their worldwide operation.

B．A list of nonprofit water organizations to make contact with.

C．Some ways to get financial aids from U.S. Congress.

D．A few water resources exploited by some world-famous organizations.

Disposing (处理) of waste has been a problem since humans started producing it. As more and more people choose to live close together in cities, the waste disposal problem becomes increasingly difficult.

    During the eighteenth century, it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select a faraway spot as a dump site. People would transport household rubbish, rotted wood, and old possessions to the site. Periodically some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried. The unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived close by. Factories, mills, and

other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of. Those located on rivers often just dumped the unwanted remains into the water. Others built huge burners with chimneys to deal with the problem.

Several facts make these choices unacceptable to modern society. The first problem is space. Dumps(垃圾场), which are now called landfills, are most needed in heavily populated areas. Such areas rarely have empty land suitable for this purpose. A long distance dump has been a common practice, but once farm areas are refusing to accept rubbish from elsewhere, cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is nonexistent. Awareness of pollution dangers has resulted in more strict rules of waste disposal. Pollution of rivers, ground water, land and air is a price people

can no longer pay to get rid of waste. The amount of waste, however, continues to grow.

Recycling efforts have become commonplace, and many towns require their people to take part. Even the most efficient recycling programs, however, can hope to deal with only about 50 percent of a city’s reusable waste.

1. The most suitable title for this passage would be ______.

   A. Places for Disposing of Waste         B. Waste Pollution Dangers

   C. Ways of Getting Rid of Waste         D. Waste Disposal Problem

2. During the 18th century, people disposed of waste in many ways except for ______.

   A. burying it    B. recycling it    C. burning it    D. throwing it into rivers

3. What can be inferred from the third paragraph?

   A. Farm areas will continue accepting waste from the city in modern society.

   B. There is cheap land to bury waste in modern society.

   C. It is difficult to find space to bury waste in modern society.

   D. Ways to deal with waste in modern society stay the same.

4. The main purpose of writing this article is to ______.

   A. draw people’s attention to waste management

   B. warn people of the pollution dangers we are facing

   C. call on people to take part in recycling programs

   D. tell people a better way to get rid of the waste