阅读理解

　　Reading is the key to school success and, like any skill, it takes practice. A child learns to walk by practising until he no longer has to think about how to put one foot in front of the other. A great athlete practises until he can play quickly, correctly, without thinking. Tennis players call that “being in the zone”. Educators call it “automaticity (自动)”.

　　A child learns to read by sounding out the letters and get the meanings of the words. With practice, he speaks with fewer and fewer pauses and mistakes, reading by the phrase. With automaticity he doesn't have to think about getting the meanings of the words, so he can pay attention to the meaning of the text.

　　It can begin as early as first grade. In a recent study of children in some schools, Alan Rossman of Northwestern University found automatic readers in the first grade were reading almost three times as fast as the other children and scoring twice as high on comprehension tests. At the fifth grade, the automatic readers were reading twice as fast as the others, and still outscoring them on correctness, comprehension, and vocabulary. “It's not I. Q., but the amount of time a child spends reading that is the key to automaticity, ”According to Rossman, any child who spends at least 3.5 to 4 hours a week reading books, magazines or newspapers will most probably reach automaticity. At home, where the average child spends 25 hours a week watching television, it can happen by turning off the set just one night in favour of reading.

　　You can test your child by giving him one paragraph or two to read aloud-something unfamiliar but suitable to his age. If he reads aloud with expression, with a sense of the meaning of the sentences, he probably is an automatic reader. If he reads hesitatingly, one word at a time without expression or meaning, he needs more practice.

1．The main idea of the first paragraph is ________ .

[　　]

A．what is automaticity

B．how correctness is obtained

C．how a child learns to walk

D．how an athlete is trained

2．The Illinois study shows that the automatic reader's high speed ________ .

[　　]

A．costs him a lot of work

B．affects his comprehension

C．leads to his future success

D．doesn’t affect his comprehension

3．From the passage, it can be inferred that a bright child ________ .

[　　]

A．also needs practice to be automatic reader

B．always achieves great success in comprehension tests

C．becomes an automatic reader after learning how to read

D．is a born automatic reader

4．The main idea of the whole passage is ________ .

[　　]

A．how to score high on comprehension tests

B．reading is the key to school success

C．how to test your child’s reading ability

D．automaticity is important for efficient reading

There is no doubt that adults, and even highly educated adults, vary greatly in the speed and efficiency of their reading. Some proceed (开展) very slowly throughout; others dash along (滔滔不绝) too quickly and then have to regress. Poor readers in particular may lack the ability to vary their manner of reading according to the type of reading matter and to their intentions in reading it. A good reader can move at great speed through the text of a novel or similar light reading matter. He may be able to skim a page, picking up a word or two here and there, and gain a general idea of what the text is about without really reading it. In reading more difficult material, with the intention of taking in the whole of it, he will proceed more slowly, but even then he will vary his pace, concentrating on the key words and passages, perhaps rereading them several times and pass more quickly over the remainder. A less efficient reader tends to maintain the same speed whatever the material he reads. Consequently even light reading matter gives him little pleasure because he reads so slowly. But this pace may be too fast for really difficult material which requires special concentration at difficult points.

A type of reading which necessitates (成为必要) careful attention to detail is proofreading (校正), in which the reader, in order to detect misprints in a sample print, has to notice not so much the meaning of what he reads as the exact shape and order of letters and words in the text. This is extremely difficult for most people, since they are accustomed (习惯的) to overlook such details. In fact, considerable practice is required to practice this task efficiently and it can be done only by reading very slowly, and by paying comparatively little attention to the general meaning of the text.

　　 1. The author claims that there is a difference in reading speed——.

　　　　   A. between the poorly educated and the highly educated

    B. among all readers

　　　　   C. among different poorly educated adults only

　　　　   D. among different highly educated adults only

　　 2. A good reader is a reader who——.

　　　　   A. concentrates on the key words only

　　　　   B. changes his speed according to the kind of text

　　　　   C. always reads slowly but carefully

　　　　   D. changes his speed according to his liking for the book

　　 3. The last two sentences of the first paragraph mean that——.

　　　　   A. a reading speed too fast for difficult material is just right for a non-serious book

　　　　   B. a reading speed too slow for a non-serious book is also too slow for a difficult one

　　　　   C. a reading speed too slow for a non-serious book may be too fast for a difficult one

　　　　   D. a reading speed too slow for a difficult book is just right for a non-serious one

　　 4. Proofreading is of no use unless one is prepared to——.

　　　　   A. read very quickly　　　　  B. pay attention to the meaning of the text

　　　　   C. read very slowly　　　　   D. make changes here and there

 

There is no doubt that adults, and even highly educated adults, vary greatly in the speed and efficiency of their reading. Some proceed (开展) very slowly throughout; others dash along (滔滔不绝) too quickly and then have to regress. Poor readers in particular may lack the ability to vary their manner of reading according to the type of reading matter and to their intentions in reading it. A good reader can move at great speed through the text of a novel or similar light reading matter. He may be able to skim a page, picking up a word or two here and there, and gain a general idea of what the text is about without really reading it. In reading more difficult material, with the intention of taking in the whole of it, he will proceed more slowly, but even then he will vary his pace, concentrating on the key words and passages, perhaps rereading them several times and pass more quickly over the remainder. A less efficient reader tends to maintain the same speed whatever the material he reads. Consequently even light reading matter gives him little pleasure because he reads so slowly. But this pace may be too fast for really difficult material which requires special concentration at difficult points.

A type of reading which necessitates (成为必要) careful attention to detail is proofreading (校正), in which the reader, in order to detect misprints in a sample print, has to notice not so much the meaning of what he reads as the exact shape and order of letters and words in the text. This is extremely difficult for most people, since they are accustomed (习惯的) to overlook such details. In fact, considerable practice is required to practice this task efficiently and it can be done only by reading very slowly, and by paying comparatively little attention to the general meaning of the text.

　　 1. The author claims that there is a difference in reading speed——.

　　　　   A. between the poorly educated and the highly educated

    B. among all readers

　　　　   C. among different poorly educated adults only

　　　　   D. among different highly educated adults only

　　 2. A good reader is a reader who——.

　　　　   A. concentrates on the key words only

　　　　   B. changes his speed according to the kind of text

　　　　   C. always reads slowly but carefully

　　　　   D. changes his speed according to his liking for the book

　　 3. The last two sentences of the first paragraph mean that——.

　　　　   A. a reading speed too fast for difficult material is just right for a non-serious book

　　　　   B. a reading speed too slow for a non-serious book is also too slow for a difficult one

　　　　   C. a reading speed too slow for a non-serious book may be too fast for a difficult one

　　　　   D. a reading speed too slow for a difficult book is just right for a non-serious one

　　 4. Proofreading is of no use unless one is prepared to——.

　　　　   A. read very quickly　　　　  B. pay attention to the meaning of the text

　　　　   C. read very slowly　　　　   D. make changes here and there

 

阅读理解

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A，B，C，D)中，选出最佳选项．

　　Reading is the key to school success and, like any skill, it takes practice. A child learns to walk by practising until he no longer has to think about how to put one foot in front of the other. A great athlete practises until he can play quickly, correctly, without thinking. Tennis players call that“being in the zone”. Educators call it“automaticity(自动)”.

　　A child learns to read by sounding out the letters and get the meanings of the words. With practice, he speaks with fewer and fewer pauses and mistakes, reading by the phrase. With automaticity, he doesn't have to think about getting the meanings of the words, so he can pay attention to the meaning of the text.

　　It can begin as early as first grade. In a recent study of children in Illinois schools, Alan Rossman of Northwestern University found automatic readers in the first grade who were reading almost three times as fast as the other children and scoring twice as high on comprehension tests. At fifth grade, the automatic readers were reading twice as fast as the others, and still outscoring them on correctness, comprehension, and vocabulary. “It's not IQ, but the amount of time a child spends reading that is the key to automaticity.” according to Rossman, any child who spends reading at least 3.5 to 4 hours a week reading books, magazines or newspapers will most probably reach automaticity. At home, where the average child spends 25 hours a week watching TV, it can happen by turning off the set just one night in favour of reading.

　　You can train your child by giving him one paragraph or two to read aloudsomething unfamiliar but suitable to his age. 1f he reads aloud with expression, with a sense of the meaning of the sentences, he probably is an automatic reader. If he reads hesitatingly, one word at a time without expression or meaning, he needs more practice.

1．The main idea of the first paragraph is ________.

[　　]

2．The Illinois study shows that the automatic reader's high speed ________.

[　　]

A．costs him a lot of work

B．affects his comprehension

C．leads to his future success

D．doesn't affect his comprehension

3．From the passage, it can be inferred that a bright child ________.

[　　]

A．also needs practice to be automatic reader

B．always achieves great success in comprehension tests

C．become an automatic reader after learning how to read

D．is born automatic reader

4．The main idea of the whole passage is ________.

[　　]

A．how to score high on comprehension tests

B．that reading is the key to school success

C．how to test your child's reading ability

D．that automaticity is important for efficient reading

    Reading is the key to school success and, like any skill, it takes practice. A child learns to walk by practicing until he no longer has to think about how to put one foot in front of the other. The great athlete practices until he can play quickly, accurately, without thinking. Educators call it “automaticity”.

    A child learns to read by sounding out the letters and decoding the words. With practice, he stumbles less and less, reading by the phrase. With automaticity, he doesn’t have to think about decoding the words, so he can pay more attention to the meaning of the text.

    It can begin as early as in the first grade. In a recent study of children in Illinois schools, Alan Rossman of Northwestern University found automatic readers in the first grade who were reading almost three times as fast as the other children and scoring twice as high on comprehension tests. At fifth grade, the automatic readers were reading twice as fast as the others, and still outscoring them on accuracy, comprehension and vocabulary.

    “It’s not IQ but the amount of time a child spends reading that is the key to automaticity. ”According to Rossman, any child who spends at least 3. 5 to 4 hours a week reading books, magazines or newspapers will in all likelihood reach the average child who spends 25 hours a week watching television. It can happen by just turning off the set just one night reading books.

    You can test your child by giving him a paragraph or two to read aloud—something unfamiliar but appropriate to his age. If he reads aloud with expression, with a sense of the meaning of the sentences, he probably is an automatic reader. If he reads haltingly(不顺畅，结巴), one word at a time, without expression  or meaning, he need more practice.

67. The underlined word “automaticity” probably means _______ .

A. being done without thinking

B. being done quickly

C. being done accurately

D. being done perfectly

68. How can the children learn to read?

A. They just read word by word.

B. They just read the words out.

C. They read by sounding out the letters and decoding the words.

D. They read by practicing more.

69. How many hours should a child spend in reading books every day?

A. 0. 5～0. 6.                                                  B. 3. 5～4.

C. 2. 5.                                                    D. 3. 6.

70. Which of the following is an automatic reader?

A. A child reads a book with stops.

B. A child reads one word at a time.

C. A child reads without expression or meaning.

D. A child reads with expression and meaning of the sentences.