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For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never ending flood of words. In 11 a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend 12 can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are 13 readers. Most of us develop poor reading 14 at an early age, and never get over them. The main deficiency (不足) 15 in the actual stuff of language itself—words. Taken individually, words have 16 meaning until they are put together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs. 17 , however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing to 18 words or passages. Regression, the tendency to look back over 19 you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading. Another habit which 20 　down the speed of reading is vocalization—sounding each word either orally or mentally as 21 reads.

To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an 22 , which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed. The bar is set at a slightly faster rate 23 the reader finds comfortable, in order to “stretch” him. The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, 24 word-by-word reading, regression and sub-vocalization, practically impossible. At first 25 is sacrificed for speed. But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, 　26 your comprehension will improve. Many people have found 　27 reading skill greatly improved after some training. 28 Charlie Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute 　29 the training, now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute. He is delighted that how he can 　30 more reading material in a short period of time.

11. A. applying　　　　　 B. doing　　　　　　　　 C. offering　　　　　　　　　 D. getting

12. A. easily　　　　 B. quickly　　　　　　　 C. roughly　　　　　　 D. decidedly

13. A. good　　　　　 B. curious　　　　　　 C. urgent　　　　　　 D. poor

14. A. habits　　　　　 B. training　　　　　　 C. situations　　　　　　 D. custom

15. A. lies　　　　　　 B. combines　　　　　　 C. touches　　　　　　 D. involves

16. A. some　　　　 B. little　　　　　　　　 C. a lot　　　　　　　　 D. dull

17. A. Fortunately 　　 B. In fact　　　　　　　 C. Logically　　　　　　 D. Unfortunately

18. A. reuse　　　　 B. rewrite　　　　　　　　　 C. reread　　　　　　 D. recite

19. A. what　　　　　 B. which　　　　　　　 C. that　　　　　　　 D. if

20. A. scales　　　　　 B. cuts　　　　　　　 C. measures　　　　　　 D. slows

21. A. some one　　　 B. he　　　　　　　　 C. one　　　　　　　 D. reader

22. A. accelerator　　　 B. actor　　　　　　　 C. operator　　　　　　 D. observer

23. A. then　　　　　 B. as　　　　　　　　　 C. beyond　　　　　　 D. than

24. A. enabling　　　　　 B. making　　　　　　　 C. leading　　　　　　　 D. indicating

25. A. meaning　　　 B. theme　　　　　　　 C. comprehension 　　　 D. regression

26. A. nor　　　　　　 B. but　　　　　　　　 C. or　　　　　　　　　 D. for

27. A. our　　　　　 B. your　　　　　　　　 C. their　　　　　　　　　　 D. such a

28. A. Look at　　　　 B. Take　　　　　　　　 C. Make　　　　　　　　　　 D. Consider

29. A. before　　　　 B. in　　　　　　　　　 C. after　　　　　　　　　　 D. for

30. A. master　　　　 B. go over　　　　　　 C. get through　　　　 D. present

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For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never ending flood of words. In 11 a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend 12 can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are 13 readers. Most of us develop poor reading 14 at an early age, and never get over them. The main deficiency (不足) 15 in the actual stuff of language itself—words. Taken individually, words have 16 meaning until they are put together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs. 17 , however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing to 18 words or passages. Regression, the tendency to look back over 19 you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading. Another habit which 20 　down the speed of reading is vocalization—sounding each word either orally or mentally as 21 reads.

To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an 22 , which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed. The bar is set at a slightly faster rate 23 the reader finds comfortable, in order to “stretch” him. The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, 24 word-by-word reading, regression and sub-vocalization, practically impossible. At first 25 is sacrificed for speed. But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, 　26 your comprehension will improve. Many people have found 　27 reading skill greatly improved after some training. 28 Charlie Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute 　29 the training, now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute. He is delighted that how he can 　30 more reading material in a short period of time.

11. A. applying　　　　　 B. doing　　　　　　　　 C. offering　　　　　　　　　 D. getting

12. A. easily　　　　 B. quickly　　　　　　　 C. roughly　　　　　　 D. decidedly

13. A. good　　　　　 B. curious　　　　　　 C. urgent　　　　　　 D. poor

14. A. habits　　　　　 B. training　　　　　　 C. situations　　　　　　 D. custom

15. A. lies　　　　　　 B. combines　　　　　　 C. touches　　　　　　 D. involves

16. A. some　　　　 B. little　　　　　　　　 C. a lot　　　　　　　　 D. dull

17. A. Fortunately 　　 B. In fact　　　　　　　 C. Logically　　　　　　 D. Unfortunately

18. A. reuse　　　　 B. rewrite　　　　　　　　　 C. reread　　　　　　 D. recite

19. A. what　　　　　 B. which　　　　　　　 C. that　　　　　　　 D. if

20. A. scales　　　　　 B. cuts　　　　　　　 C. measures　　　　　　 D. slows

21. A. some one　　　 B. he　　　　　　　　 C. one　　　　　　　 D. reader

22. A. accelerator　　　 B. actor　　　　　　　 C. operator　　　　　　 D. observer

23. A. then　　　　　 B. as　　　　　　　　　 C. beyond　　　　　　 D. than

24. A. enabling　　　　　 B. making　　　　　　　 C. leading　　　　　　　 D. indicating

25. A. meaning　　　 B. theme　　　　　　　 C. comprehension 　　　 D. regression

26. A. nor　　　　　　 B. but　　　　　　　　 C. or　　　　　　　　　 D. for

27. A. our　　　　　 B. your　　　　　　　　 C. their　　　　　　　　　　 D. such a

28. A. Look at　　　　 B. Take　　　　　　　　 C. Make　　　　　　　　　　 D. Consider

29. A. before　　　　 B. in　　　　　　　　　 C. after　　　　　　　　　　 D. for

30. A. master　　　　 B. go over　　　　　　 C. get through　　　　 D. present

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Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

The Human Development Report, published annually since 1990, seeks to __50__ “human development” around the world and calculates a “Human Development Index” (HDI 人类发展指数) for 169 countries. The HDI is __51__ on average income, life expectancy, and level of education. __52__, rich countries tend to have higher HDIs than poor countries, but there are interesting __53__ in human development among countries with similar levels of economic development, because some have better health and education systems than others.

Almost every country in the world has a higher HDI than in 1990, despite the fact that since the 2008 financial crisis the total number of people living in extreme __54__ has increased. The report concludes that most people are healthier, live longer, are more __55__, — and that even in countries with severe economic problems, people’s health and education have generally __56__. Although sub-Saharan African countries are at the bottom of the pile __57__ human development, some of them have made significant progress since 1990. The report is __58__, however, of the fact that economic inequality has increased significantly in the last twenty years, both within and between countries.

The greatest threat to HDI in the future, according to the report, is climate change. The way to increase average income in a country is through economic growth, which means increased production and __59__. However, if this __60__ to greater emissions (排放) of greenhouse gases, as has always been the case in the past, global warming will probably go faster, causing severe environmental problems in some parts of the world that will __61__ the livelihoods of huge numbers of people. The progress of the last twenty years, __62__, might not be sustainable (可持续的).

The only solution, according to the report, is to break the __63__ between economic growth and greenhouse gas emissions — which, __64__ to say, is easier said than done.

50.　 A. judge　　　　　　　　　　　 B. investigate　　　　 C. assess　　　　　　　　　　 D. justify

51.　 A. based　　　　　　　　　　　 B. focused　　　　　　 C. keen　　　　　　　　　　　 D. reflected

52.　 A. Unexpectedly　　　　　 B. Unwillingly C. Unfortunately　　　　　 D. Unsurprisingly

53.　 A. variations　　　　　　　　 B. experiments 　　 C. signs　　　　　　　　　　　 D. mixtures

54.　 A. cruelty　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. poverty　　　　　　 C. emotion　　　　　　　　　 D. terror

55.　 A. talented　　　　　　　　　 B. disadvantaged　 C. determined　　　　　　　 D. educated

56.　 A. infected　　　　　　　　　 B. ignored　　　　　　 C. improved　　　　　　　　 D. impressed

57.　 A. to the extent of　　　　 B. on account of　 C. for the sake of　　　　 D. in terms of

58.　 A. critical 　　　　　　　　　 B. proud　　　　　　　 C. fond　　　　　　　　　　　 D. independent

59.　 A. administration B. consumption C. application D. concentration

60.　 A. objects　　　　　　　　 B. sticks　　　　　　　 C. leads　　　　　　　　　　　 D. turns

61.　 A. threaten　　　　　　　　　 B. maintain　　　　　 C. concern　　　　　　　　　 D. guarantee

62.　 A. therefore　　　　　　　　 B. however　　　　　 C. otherwise　　　　　　　　 D. nevertheless

63.　 A. gap　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. record　　　　　　　 C. law　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. link

64.　 A. fearless　　　　　　　　　 B. needless　　　　　 C. careless　　　　　　　 D. hopeless

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　　Feel tired lately? Has a doctor said he can’t find anything wrong with you? Perhaps he sent you to a hospital, but all the advanced equipment there shows that there is nothing wrong with you.

　　Then, consider this: you might be in a state of sub-health（亚健康）.

　　Sub-health, also called the third state or gray state, is explained as a borderline state between health and disease.

　　According to the investigation by the National Health Organization, over 45 percent of sub-healthy people are middle-aged or elderly. The percentage is even higher among people who work in management positions as well as students around exam-week.

　　Symptoms （征兆）include a lack of energy, depression, slow reactions, insomnia（失眠）, agitation, and poor memory. Other symptoms include shortness of breath, sweating and aching in the waist and legs.

　　The key to preventing and recovering from sub-health, according to some medical experts, is to form good living habits, alternate work and rest, exercise regularly, and take part in open air activities.

　　As for meals, people are advised to eat less salt and sugar. They should also eat more fresh vegetables, fruits, fish because they are rich in nutritional elements—vitamins and trace elements—that are important to the body.

　　Nutrition experts point out that it is not good to eat too much at one meal because it may cause unhealthy changes in the digestive tract （消化道）. They also say that a balanced diet is very help full in avoiding sub-health.

　　1．When you are in a state of sub-health, you should ________.

　　A．stay home and keep silent

　　B．go to a doctor and buy some medicine

　　C．not consider it very serious

　　D．find out the reasons and relax yourself

　　2．Middle-aged people may be easy to get sub-healthy because ________.

　　A．they have used up their energy

　　B．they have lost their living hopes

　　C．they have more pressure in life and work

　　D．they have changed their way of life

　　3．The key to preventing you from falling into a state of sub-health is to ________.

　　A．keep on working regularly

　　B．go to sleep a bit earlier

　　C．form good living habits

　　D．take medicine if necessary

　　4．As for food, experts suggested that ________.

　　A．we should never eat meat

　　B．we should have variety of food

　　C．we should eat less than usual

　　D．we should have meals without sugar

　　5．The underlined word “alternate” in this passage is closest in meaning to ________.

　　A．arrange by turns

　　B．cause to take place

　　C．make up for

　　D．keep away from