The house next door had been empty for so long that we had quite forgotten what it was to have neighbors. One day,   1   , a great furniture lorry drew up near our front gate and in a short time, all kinds of furniture were   2   on the pavement. A small car arrived, out of which came seven people; a man, a woman and five children of   3   ages. The children hurried out and began laughing  4   as the whole family moved into the house. Windows were   5   open; furniture was put into   6  ; and little faces looked curiously at us over the fence and disappeared. It was our first   7   to the Robinsons.

    Though we became firm   8   with our new neighbors, we often had causes to be made angry by them. Our garden became an unsafe place: little boys   9   as cowboys or Indians would jump up from behind bushes,   10   wooden guns at us and   11   us to put our hands up. Sometimes our lives were   12   ; at others, we were killed with a   13  “Bang! Bang！”. Even more dangerous were the arrows that occasionally came sailing  14    the garden fence.

    But we did not   15   go in fear for our lives. The Robinsons were friendly and helpful and when we left for the holidays, we knew we had nothing to fear  16   our neighbors were around. We understood what it was like to have  17   in the long friendless winter evenings   18   Mr. Robinson would   19   in for a cup of tea and chat; or when Mr.  Robinson would    20   over the fence and talk endlessly with father about gardening problems.

1. A. so   　　　　　　   B. but 　　  　　　　　　 C. however 　　　　D. therefore

2. A. unloaded 　　  　　   B. loaded  　　  　　　　 C. moved   　　　　　　  　　D. removed

3. A. the same    　　   B. various      　　　　 C. same    　　    　　D. young

4. A. delightedly  　　　　    B. angry　　   　　　　 C. sadly  　　　　       D. astonishingly

5. A. forced　　   　　   B. broken　　 　　　　　　  　　 C. kicked    　　  　　D. pushed

6. A. place　　   　　   B. order　　   　　  　　 C. room　　 　　  　　D. building

7. A. interview     　　   B. introduction       　　 C. arrangement   　　  D. management

8. A. strangers    　　　　　　     B. enemies　　    　　 C. friends    

　　　　    D. relatives

9. A. pretending   　　　　　　     B. looking      　　　　 C. dressed   　　  　　D. worn

10. A. put    　　   　　　　   B. take　　     　　　　 C. throw　　 　　 　　D. point

11. A. lead   　　　　   B. order   　　  　　　　 C. ask       　　　　D. make

12. A. wasted      　　   B. saved   　　　　　　 C. devoted   　　  　　D. spared

13. A. fast　　 　　 　　   B. soft    　　  　　　　 C. sharp 　　  　　　　D. slow

14. A. in       　　　　   B. on　　 　　   　　　　 C. over       　　　　D. across

15. A. always       　　   B. often   　　  　　　　 C. even　　 　　   　　D. then

16. A. though      　　   B. unless       　　　　 C.  as  long as 　　D. even if

17. A. cheers      　　   B. fun　　　　　　　　 C. discussions    　　D. company

18. A. as　　      　　   B. when　　   　　　　 C. while    　　　　D. since

19. A. drop    　　 　　   B. jump   　　   　　　　 C. slip　　　　　　  D. break

20. A. fall 　　 　　　　　　B. climb　　　　　　   C. lean　　　　　　 D. lie

 

　When several different people look at the same person, it is not unusual for each of them to see different things; when you alone observe one behavior or one person at two different times, you may see different things. The following are but some of the factors that lead to these varying perceptions (感知，认知)：
　　(1)Each person’s perceptions of others are formed by his or her own cultural conditioning education, and personal experiences.
　　(2) Sometimes perceptions differ because of what we choose to observe and how we deal with what we’ve observed. It is not necessarily true that person perception is based on observations of a particular person. Your observations may be totally controlled by what others have told you about this person; or you may focus (聚焦) primarily on the situation or role relationship. Most people do not use the same yardstick (标准) to measure their parents, their friends, and strangers.
　　(3) Sometimes we see only what we want to see or don’t see what may be obvious to others because of out own needs, desires, or temporary emotional states. This is a process known as selective perception. Selective perception is obviously more difficult when contradictory (矛盾的) information is particularly obvious, but it can be done. We can ignore (忽视) the stimulus- “He’s basically a good boy so what I saw was not shoplifting. ”
　　We can reduce the importance of the contradictory information- “All kids (孩子) get into mischief (顽皮) . Taking a book from the bookstore isn’t such a big deal. ” We can change the meaning of the contradictory information-”It wasn’t shoplifting because he was going to pay for it later.”…
【小题1】The first factor given by the author that affects our perception is _____.

A．the abilities of one’s auditory (听) and visual (视) sensors

B．cultural background and personal experiences

C．experiences one learns from others

D．critical measures taken by other people

【小题2】While observing a particular person, ______.

A．one is likely to take all aspects (方面) into consideration

B．one pays more attention to his/her advantages

C．children often differ from grown-ups in perception

D．one tends to choose certain cues (提示) to look for

【小题3】Observation of the same person by two people at the same time may differ because ______.

A．their measuring yardsticks are not the same

B．either of them may be slow to catch information

C．the time for observation is not long enough

D．each of them uses different language to express his/her impressions

【小题4】The word “stimulus ” in paragraph 4 refers to ______.

A．something attractive	B．selective perception
C．contradictory information	D．shoplifting

　When several different people look at the same person, it is not unusual for each of them to see different things; when you alone observe one behavior or one person at two different times, you may see different things. The following are but some of the factors that lead to these varying perceptions (感知，认知)：

　　(1)Each person’s perceptions of others are formed by his or her own cultural conditioning education, and personal experiences.

　　(2) Sometimes perceptions differ because of what we choose to observe and how we deal with what we’ve observed. It is not necessarily true that person perception is based on observations of a particular person. Your observations may be totally controlled by what others have told you about this person; or you may focus (聚焦) primarily on the situation or role relationship. Most people do not use the same yardstick (标准) to measure their parents, their friends, and strangers.

　　(3) Sometimes we see only what we want to see or don’t see what may be obvious to others because of out own needs, desires, or temporary emotional states. This is a process known as selective perception. Selective perception is obviously more difficult when contradictory (矛盾的) information is particularly obvious, but it can be done. We can ignore (忽视) the stimulus- “He’s basically a good boy so what I saw was not shoplifting. ”

　　We can reduce the importance of the contradictory information- “All kids (孩子) get into mischief (顽皮) . Taking a book from the bookstore isn’t such a big deal. ” We can change the meaning of the contradictory information-”It wasn’t shoplifting because he was going to pay for it later.”…

1.The first factor given by the author that affects our perception is _____.

A．the abilities of one’s auditory (听) and visual (视) sensors

B．cultural background and personal experiences

C．experiences one learns from others

D．critical measures taken by other people

2.While observing a particular person, ______.

A．one is likely to take all aspects (方面) into consideration

B．one pays more attention to his/her advantages

C．children often differ from grown-ups in perception

D．one tends to choose certain cues (提示) to look for

3.Observation of the same person by two people at the same time may differ because ______.

A．their measuring yardsticks are not the same

B．either of them may be slow to catch information

C．the time for observation is not long enough

D．each of them uses different language to express his/her impressions

4.The word “stimulus ” in paragraph 4 refers to ______.

A．something attractive	B．selective perception
C．contradictory information	D．shoplifting

 

In the past, most American mothers were at home to take care of their children during the day. Now,    1    , many mothers are working. More than half of the American women 　　2 

young children have 　　3     outside the house.

American families settle the childcare 　　4　　 in different ways. Some parents permit

    5　　 children to stay home alone after school. The parents    6     be sure the children, usually not younger than 10 years old, understand    7     rules and can deal with emergencies(紧急情况). Other parents say they would　　 8     permit their children to be at home alone. They usually　　 9　　 someone to take care of the　　 10    .

Some parents in the U. S. find their own way to 　　11　　 the cost of child care　　 12 .

Each person in the group　　 13     for the children of other group　　 14　　 at different times. Some parents ask local    15   , schools and social organizations to help　　 16   activities for the children. These childcare choices often cost 　　17　　 or no money. Many American parents, however, still　　 18　　 with the problem of 　　19     good child care at a 　　20　　 price.

1. A. therefore　　     　　B. otherwise　　  C. thus　　   　　　　　　  D. however

2. A. like　　   　　　　　　　　 B. as　　　　　　　　　　 C. with　　   　　   　　D. from

3. A. children　　   　　　　   B. jobs　　　　　　　　  C. houses　　   　　　　　　 D. money

4. A. problem　　   　　　　   B. question　　　　    C. chance　　   　　　　　　 D. choice

5. A. older　　   　　　　　　   B. younger　　　　　　 C. sicker　　   　　　　　　  D. happier

6. A. can　　   　　　　　　　　 B. must　　　　　　　　 C. may　　  　　　　　　　　　　 D. ought

7. A. dangerous　　   　　    B. safety　　　　　　    C. funny　　   　　　　　　  D. true

8. A. rather　　   　　　　　　　　　　 B. certainly　　　　    C. always　　   　　　　　　 D. never

9. A. send　　   　　　　　　    B. stop　　　　　　　　  C. pay　　  　　　　　　　　　　 D. invite

10. A. house　　   　　　　    B. neighbors　　　　  C. old　　   　　　　　　　　　　 D. children

11. A. protect　　   　　　　   B. end　　　　　　　　   C. reduce　　   　　　　　　 D. increase

12. A. schools　　   　　　　  B. groups　　　　　　　　　　 C. clubs　　   　　    D. hospitals

13. A. cares　　   　　　　　　 B. sends　　　　　　    C. asks　　   　　　　　　  D. pays

14. A. strangers　　   　　　　　　  B. members　　　　   C. officials　　   　　　　    D. teachers

15. A. shops　　   　　　　    B. members　　　　   C. churches　　      D. restaurants

16. A. equip　　   　　　　　　 B. offer　　　　　　　　 C. play　　   　　　　　　  D. join

17. A. much　　   　　　　    B. little　　　　　　　　  C. enough　　  　　　　　　  D. more

18. A. enjoy　　  　　　　　　   B. discuss　　　　　　  C. quarrel　　　　    D. struggle

19. A. taking　　   　　　　    B. finding　　　　　　  C. closing　　        D. suffering

20. A. high　　   　　　　　　　　　　 B. low　　　　　　　　   C. reasonable　　   D. real

 

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

It was a freezing November night and the stars shone coldly as I walked through the deserted town of Wick with my heavy overnight bag. It was the third time I'd ____1____ the streets looking for somewhere—anywhere—to stay. But there was no sign of ___2____, even the pubs were shut. I ___3___ to wrap my scarf round my neck. "Five more hours before the next train to Thurso," I thought ____4___, picturing a sleepless night on the streets. Then suddenly I heard a ____5___ behind me:"What's up, laddie? Need some help?"

It was from an old man called Robert MacDougal who noticed me huddle（卷缩）in the street on his way home. When I ____6___ my situation he ____7___ offered shelter for the night. At first I ___8___, I''d learnt from experience not to trust ___9____, having been robbed once in London. That ___10___ had left its mark, but it soon became clear that Robert sincerely desired to help. Wick was a small town and ____11___ I wasn't a local. It was also obvious that I needed a place to sleep.

I ____12____ Robert back to a small cottage where we sat in front of a warm fire and had a little chat about Wick and Robert. Robert was a ___13___. He had three children and several grandchildren, but most of them had moved away. I began to ____14____ why Robert was glad of some company.

After a peaceful night on an old sofa, I got up at 4:30 a.m. To catch my ____15____, leaving behind a note of thanks. Today I sometimes think about Wick, and wonder if Robert is still there. I'll always remember with gratitude his simple act of kindness.

1.　　　　 A.hunted for　　　　　 B.go through　　　　　 C.walked round　　　　 D.twisted up

2.　　　　 A.life　　　　　　　　 B.hope　　　　　　　 C.tourism　　　　　　 D.trust

3.　　　　 A.continued　　　　　 B.attempted　　　　　 C.paused　　　　　　　 D.managed

4.　　　　 A.enthusiastically　　　 B.desperately　　　　　 C.delightedly　　　　　 D.unbelievably

5.　　　　 A.voice　　　　　　　 B.remark　　　　　　　 C.sound　　　　　　　 D.speech

6.　　　　 A.introduced　　　　　 B.explained　　　　　　 C.exposed　　　　　　 D.mentioned

7.　　　　 A.unwillingly　　　　 B.reluctantly　　　　　 C.automatically　　　　 D.immediately

8.　　　　 A.considerate　　　　 B.suspicious　　　　　 C.reasonable　　　　　 D.curious

9.　　　　 A.strangers　　　　　 B.elders　　　　　　　 C.adults　　　　　　　 D.robbers

10. 　A.accident　　　　　 B.coincident　　　 　　 C.evidence　　　　　 D.incident

11. 　A.strangely　　　　 B.apparently　　　　　 C.luckily　　　　　　 D.naturally

12. A.watched　　　　　 B.attracted　　　　　　 C.followed　　　　　 D.directed

13. A.widower　　　　　 B.father　　　　　　　 C.husband　　　 　　 D.survivor

14. A.understand　　　　 B.acknowledge　　　　　 C.know　　　　　　 D.analyze

15. A.dream　　　　　　 B.flight　　　　　　　　 C.bus　　　　　　　 D.train