People's tastes in recreation differ widely. At a recent festival of pop music in the Isle of Weight, crowds of teenagers gathered to listen to their favorite singers and musicians. They went with single railway tickets and slept in the open, a very dangerous thing to do in the climate of Britain, even in August. They were packed together like sardines for four days. There were countless thieves, a group of trouble-makers tried several times to break things up, and police were everywhere. At the end of the festival many young fans found themselves broke, and they had difficulty in getting back home. Most people would consider these conditions a bad dream of discomfort: the fans appeared to enjoy it all especially.

　　Even in the overcrowded United Kingdom there are large areas of open unspoiled country, where people with more traditional tastes can go for quiet, and for the sense of freedom they get from closeness to nature. In the national parks especially, modern development of housing and industry is strictly controlled. Visitors may walk for miles through landscape of the greatest beauty and wildness, and often of considerable historic or scientific interest. Along the coasts of some of the seaside countries, public pathways have been created; these paths stretch for many miles along cliffs that look out on the Atlantic or the English Channel. Another path, lying inland, goes along the range of mountains in the north of England. It is called the Pennine Way. Here, the long-distance walker and the nature-lover can find much to enjoy, without feeling breathless closed by large numbers of their fellows.

　　Yet few people make full use of the national parks set up for everyone's benefit. The commonest thing nowadays is for family groups to motor out to a beautiful spot and park their cars in the lay-by（路边停车处）. A picnic basket is produced, along with a folding table and chairs, a kettle and a movable stove. They then settle down to a picnic in the lay-by beside the car. Clearly their idea of enjoyment is to get into the fresh air and among the country sights and sounds without having to walk a yard. They seem almost to like to hear and to smell the traffic.

(1)Which of the following would be the best title for this text?

[　　]

A．Good Travelling Guide.

B．Various Recreation Tastes.

C．Attractive National Parks.

D．Enjoyable Travelling Ways.

(2)The underlined part means that _________.

[　　]

A．thieves broke into their houses

B．they had no money with them

C．they were worn out after the festival

D．a quarrel broke out among themselves

(3)What can we learn from the second paragraph?

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A．Traditional British people care for natural peace and beauty.

B．The UK is much too crowded to have any unspoiled country.

C．The Pennine Way goes along mountains in the south of England.

D．Any modern development of industry is controlled in the UK.

(4)Today many families prefer motoring to a place of natural scenery mainly because ________.

[　　]

A．they can park their cars in lay-by for free

B．they can have a pleasant picnic beside the car

C．they can enjoy the natural beauty without walking

D．they can hear and smell the traffic in the unspoiled country

Holiday Inns and McDonald’s. both saw unmatched growth in the 1960s. Their growth opened another direct business operation—franchising.
These operations have the same general pattern. The franchisor, the parent company, first establishes a successful retail business. As it expands, it sees a profit potential in offering others the right to open similar business under its name. The parent company’s methods and means of identification with consumers are included in this right. The parent company supplies skill, and may build and rent stores to franchisees. For these advantages the franchisee pays the franchisor a considerable fee. However, some of the advantages and disadvantages are different.
By extending a “proven” marketing method, a parent can profit in several ways. First, the franchisee’s purchase price gives the parent an immediate return on the plan. Then the sale of supplies to the franchisee provides a continuing source of profits. As new businesses are added and the company’s reputation spreads, the values of the franchise increases and sales of franchises become easier. The snowballing effect can be dramatic. Such growth, too, bring into play the economies of scale. Regional or national advertising that might be financially impossible for a franchisor with 20 franchises could be profitable for one with 40.
The parent, then, finds immediate gains from the opportunity to expand markets on the basis of reputation alone, without having to put up capital or take the risk of owning retail stores. Added to this advantage is a less obvious but material one, Skilled, responsible retail managers are rare. People who invest their capital in franchises, though, probably come closer to the ideal than do paid managers. In fact, the franchisee is an independent store operator working for the franchisor, but without an independent’s freedom to drop supplies at will. Of course the factory’s costs of selling supplies are less. But also certainly the franchisee buying goods that have had broad consumer acceptance will not casually change supplies, even when the contract permits. If the hamburger is not what the customer expected, they may not return. Having paid for the goodwill, the franchisee won’t thoughtlessly destroy it.
【小题1】 Franchising refers to a business operation in which a successful parent company          .

A．sells name-brand goods to a private investor

B．rents proven ideas and techniques for investment

C．sells the right, the guidance to a business under its name

D．takes no advertising responsibility for individual investors

【小题2】. The advantages of franchising to the parent company are all the following EXCEPT      .

A．an immediate investment return

B．the profit from the sale of supplies

C．the ownership of additional retail stores

D．the possibility of profitable advertising

【小题3】 The passage mainly tells the reader          .

A．the advantages and disadvantages of franchising

B．the benefits of franchising to the franchisor

C．the unmatched economic growth in the 1960’s

D．some regional and national business operation

【小题4】. What will the author probably discuss after the last paragraph?

A．More advantages of franchising.

B．Negative aspects related to franchising.

C．The standard of consumer acceptance.

D．Risks of investment besides franchising