B

New evidence shows that getting enough Vitamin D may be the most important thing you can do for your health．

You know the usual prescription for good health: a balanced diet with lots of fruits and vegetables, regular exercise, no smoking．Now add this: Spend a little more time in the sun．

    Huh? That may sound like medical heresy （反面观点）．After all, we've been warned for decades about the dangers of the sun: wrinkles, age spots and the increasing threat of skin cancer．But new and impressive medical evidence suggests that sunlight is beneficial．The vitamin D it prompts our bodies to make may prevent cancer, protect against heart disease and ward off a long list of disorders such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes and gum disease．It is even showing promise as a treatment for heart disease and some cancers．

    Long recognized as vitally important for bone building （it's needed for calcium absorption）, vitamin D has now achieved superstar status among nutrients．While all doctors may not agree, many experts are confident enough of its wide-ranging powers to urge that we get much more of it, from the sun and from supplements, as even the best diet in the world may not give us enough．

60．Which of the following is NOT the usual way of keeping healthy?

     A．To do exercise now and then．

     B．To eat plenty of fruits and vegetables．

     C．To avoid staying in the sun for a long time．

     D．To keep away from cigarettes．

61．What does the underlined word “prompts” in the third paragraph mean?

     A．causes              B．forces          C．motivates    D．encourages

62．According to the passage, vitamin D ________．

     A．can be got by doing regular exercise

     B．can be used to prevent some cancers

     C．can be got from the sunlight

     D．can be used to remove the wrinkles

63．The passage is most likely from a（an） ________．

     A．advertisement       B．news report   C．magazine      D．medical prescription

Suppose we built a robot to explore the planet Mars. We provide the robot with seeing detectors(探测器) to keep it away from danger. It is powered entirely by the sun. Should we program the robot to be equally active at all times? No, the robot would be using up energy at a time when it was not receiving any. So we would probably program it to stop its activity at night and to wake up at dawn the next morning.
According to evolutionary(进化的) theory of sleep, evolution equipped us with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking for the same reason. The theory does not deny that sleep provides some important restorative functions. It merely says that evolution has programmed us to perform those functions at a time when activity would be inefficient and possibly dangerous. However, sleep protects us only from the sort of trouble we might walk into; it does not protect us from trouble that comes looking for us. So we sleep well when we are in a familiar, safe place, but we sleep lightly, if at all, when we fear that bears will nose into the tent.
The evolutionary theory explain the differences in sleep among creatures. Why do cats, for instance, sleep so much, while horses sleep so little? Surely cats do not need five times as much repair and restoration as horses do. But cats can afford to have long periods of inactivity because they spend little time eating and are unlikely to be attacked while they sleep. Horses must spend almost all their waking hours eating, because what they eat is very low in energy value. Moreover, they cannot afford to sleep too long or too deeply, because their survival depends on their ability to run away from attackers.

1. 1.

   The author uses the example of the robot in space exploration to tell us _______.

   1. A.
      the differences between robots and men
   2. B.
      the reason why men need to sleep
   3. C.
      about the need for robots to save power
   4. D.
      about the danger of men working at night
2. 2.

   Evolution has programmed man to sleep at night chiefly to help him ______.

   1. A.
      keep up a regular pattern of life
   2. B.
      prevent trouble that comes looking for him
   3. C.
      avoid danger and inefficient labor
   4. D.
      restore his bodily functions
3. 3.

   Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?

   1. A.
      Evolution has equipped all creatures with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking.
   2. B.
      The study of sleep is an important art of the evolutionary theory.
   3. C.
      Sleeping patterns must be taken into consideration in the designing of robots.
   4. D.
      The sleeping pattern of a living creature is determined by the food it eats.

New evidence shows that getting enough Vitamin D may be the most important thing you can do for your health．

You know the usual prescription for good health: a balanced diet with lots of fruits and vegetables, regular exercise, no smoking．Now add this: Spend a little more time in the sun．

    Huh? That may sound like medical heresy （反面观点）．After all, we've been warned for decades about the dangers of the sun: wrinkles, age spots and the increasing threat of skin cancer．But new and impressive medical evidence suggests that sunlight is beneficial．The vitamin D it prompts our bodies to make may prevent cancer, protect against heart disease and ward off a long list of disorders such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes and gum disease．It is even showing promise as a treatment for heart disease and some cancers．

    Long recognized as vitally important for bone building （it's needed for calcium absorption）, vitamin D has now achieved superstar status among nutrients．While all doctors may not agree, many experts are confident enough of its wide-ranging powers to urge that we get much more of it, from the sun and from supplements, as even the best diet in the world may not give us enough．

Which of the following is NOT the usual way of keeping healthy?

     A．To do exercise now and then．

     B．To eat plenty of fruits and vegetables．

     C．To avoid staying in the sun for a long time．

     D．To keep away from cigarettes．

What does the underlined word “prompts” in the third paragraph mean?

     A．causes              B．forces          C．motivates    D．encourages

According to the passage, vitamin D ________．

     A．can be got by doing regular exercise

     B．can be used to prevent some cancers

     C．can be got from the sunlight

     D．can be used to remove the wrinkles

The passage is most likely from a（an） ________．

     A．advertisement       B．news report        

       C．magazine             D．medical prescription

B
New evidence shows that getting enough Vitamin D may be the most important thing you can do for your health．
You know the usual prescription for good health: a balanced diet with lots of fruits and vegetables, regular exercise, no smoking．Now add this: Spend a little more time in the sun．
Huh? That may sound like medical heresy （反面观点）．After all, we've been warned for decades about the dangers of the sun: wrinkles, age spots and the increasing threat of skin cancer．But new and impressive medical evidence suggests that sunlight is beneficial．The vitamin D it prompts our bodies to make may prevent cancer, protect against heart disease and ward off a long list of disorders such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes and gum disease．It is even showing promise as a treatment for heart disease and some cancers．
Long recognized as vitally important for bone building （it's needed for calcium absorption）, vitamin D has now achieved superstar status among nutrients．While all doctors may not agree, many experts are confident enough of its wide-ranging powers to urge that we get much more of it, from the sun and from supplements, as even the best diet in the world may not give us enough．
60．Which of the following is NOT the usual way of keeping healthy?
A．To do exercise now and then．
B．To eat plenty of fruits and vegetables．
C．To avoid staying in the sun for a long time．
D．To keep away from cigarettes．
61．What does the underlined word “prompts” in the third paragraph mean?
A．causes              B．forces          C．motivates   D．encourages
62．According to the passage, vitamin D ________．
A．can be got by doing regular exercise
B．can be used to prevent some cancers
C．can be got from the sunlight
D．can be used to remove the wrinkles
63．The passage is most likely from a（an） ________．
A．advertisement      B．news report   C．magazine     D．medical prescription

　　Organic mulch improves the condition of soil. As the mulch breaks down, it provides material which keeps the soil from getting hard. This improves the growth of roots and increases the movement of water through the soil. It also improves the ability of the soil to hold water. Organic mulch contains nutrients for plants. It also provides a good environment for earthworms and other helpful organisms in the soil.

　　The United States Department of Agriculture says it is easy to find organic mulch materials. Cut-up leaves and small pieces of tree bark can be used. Grass cuttings are also a good mulch for plants. Mulch from newspapers works well in controlling weeds.

　　The best time to add mulch depends on your goal. Mulch provides a thick barrier between the soil and the air. This helps to reduce temperature changes in the soil. As a result, mulched soil will be cooler than other soil in the summer. In winter, the mulched soil may not freeze as deeply as other soil. The best time is after the ground has frozen, but before the coldest weather arrives. Spreading mulch before the ground has frozen may attract small animals searching for a warm place to spend the winter. Delaying the spreading should prevent this problem. The animals will probably find another place to live.

66. The author tells us the following EXCEPT ___________.

A. what mulch is and its benefits

B. the best time to add mulch

C. what can be mulch on the soil surface

D. the bad effects of mulch

67. The following can be used as organic materials to make mulch EXCEPT _______.

A. tree barks　　　　　　 B. cut-up leaves　　　　　 C. grass cuttings　　　　　 D. plastic

68. Which of the following is the benefit of mulch?

A. Protecting the soil against wind and water damage.

B. Keeping the soil wet and reducing the need for watering plants

D. All of the above.

69. The main idea of Paragraph 2 is that organic mulch can ______.

A. improve the condition of soil

B. improve the ability of the soil to hold water

C. provide a good environment for earthworms

D. improve the growth of roots and increase the movement of water through the soil

70. From the last paragraph, we know ______.

A. the best time to add mulch is in spring and summer

B. the best time to add mulch is after the coldest weather arrives

C. the best time to add mulch depends on weather

D. choosing the best time to add mulch can avoid attracting small animals