Being less than perfectly well-dressed in a business setting can result in a feeling of great discomfort that may well require treatment to eliminate. And the sad truth is that “clothing mismatches” on the job can ruin the day of the person who is wearing the inappropriate attire(着装)—and the people with whom he or she comes in contact.

Offices vary when it comes to dress codes. Some businesses have very high standards for their employees and set strict guidelines for office attire, while others maintain a more relaxed attitude. However, it is always important to remember that no matter what your company’s attitude is regarding what you wear, you are working in a business environment and you should dress properly. Certain items may be more appropriate for evening wear than for a business meeting, just as shorts and a T-shirt are better suited for the beach than for an office environment. Your attire should reflect both your environment and your position. A senior vice president has a different image to maintain than that of a secretary or sales assistant. Like it or not, you will be judged by your personal appearance.

This is never more apparent than on “dress-down days”, when what you wear can say more about you than any business suit ever could. In fact, people will pay more attention to what you wear on dress-down days than on “business professional ” days. Thus, when dressing in “business casual” clothes, try to put some good taste into your wardrobe choices, recognize that the “real” definition of business casual is to dress just one notch(等级) down from what you would normally wear of business-professional attire days.

Remember, there are borders between your career and our social life. You should dress one way for play and another way when you mean business. Always ask yourself where you are going and how other people will be dressed when you get there. Is the final destination the opera, the beach, or the office? Dress properly and you will discover the truth in the principle that clothes make the man—and the woman. When in doubt, always misjudge on the side of dressing slightly more traditionally than the situation demands.

72. What is the passage mainly about?

   A. How to dress properly in a business setting.

   B. A president of a company should dress differently from a secretary or sales assistant.

   C. The differences between professional and casual dress.

   D. Improper dress will make a person feel uncomfortable.

73. Which of the following statements is true?

   A. Every company has strict rules regarding office dress.

   B. You can wear whatever you like if your company doesn’t have high standards for dressing.

   C. You should dress according to the business setting even when there are no fixed rules.

   D. In companies with relaxed rules on office dress, you can’t spot a manager among others.

74. Which statement best describes “dress-down days”?

   A. On dress-down days, you can wear whatever you like.

   B. People’s clothes on dress-down days don’t receive much attention.

   C. We can’t judge a person’s taste by his clothes on dress-down days.

   D. People are usually more careful about what they wear on dress-down days than on other occasions.

75. Which of the following is NOT the rule offered in the passage with regard to business dress?

   A. Remember to ask others for advice when you are not sure about what to dress.

   B. Think about how other guests will wear if you are invited to a dinner.

   C. For a business meeting and a concert, you should dress differently.

   D. Dress a bit traditionally if you are not sure about proper dress for a certain occasion.

It’s true that quite a few most respected scientific authorities have confirmed that the world is becoming hotter and hotter. There’s also strong evidence that humans are contributing to the warming. Countless recent reports have proved the same thing. For instance, a 2010 summary about the climate science by the Royal Society noted that: “The global warming over the last half-century has been caused mainly by human activity.”

You may not believe that humans could change the planet’s climate, but the basic science is well understood. Each year, billions of tons of greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere because of human activity. As has been known for years, these gases hold heat that would otherwise escape to space, wrapping the planet in an invisible(看不见的) blanket.

Of course, the earth’s climate has always been changing due to “natural” factors such as volcanic eruption（熔化） or changes in solar, or cycles concerning the Earth’s going around the sun. According to the scientific research, however, the warming observed by now matches the pattern of warming we would expect from a build-up of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere – not the warming we would expect from other possible causes.

Even if scientists did discover another reasonable explanation for the warming recorded so far, that would give birth to a difficult question. As Robert Henson puts it: “If some newly discovered factor is to blame for the climate change, then why aren’t carbon dioxide and the other greenhouse gases producing the warming that basic physics tells us they should be?”

The only way to prove with 100% certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths – one with human influence and one without. That obviously isn’t possible, and so most scientists are careful not to state human influence as an absolute certainty.

72. In most scientists’ opinion, the global warming is mainly caused by ________.

A. solar activity B. volcanic activity

C. natural factors　　 　　　　　　　 　D. human factors

73. The text is developed by ________.

A. giving typical examples　　　　　 B. following the order of space

C. analyzing a theory and arguing it D. comparing and finding differences

74. The underline word “identical” in the last paragraph probably means ________.

A. totally different B. exactly the same

C. extremely important　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. partly independent

75. Which of the following can be the best title?

A. Are All the Scientists Really Scientific?

B. Where Is Global Warming Leading Us to?

C. Are Humans Definitely Causing Global Warming?

D. What’s Relation of Global Warming and Greenhouse Gases?

【2011·重庆主城八区调研】E

Just as the world’s most respected scientific bodies have confirmed that the world is getting hotter, they have also stated that there is strong evidence that humans are driving the warming. Countless recent reports from the world’s leading scientific bodies have said the same thing. For example, a 2010 summary of climate science by the Royal Society stated that: “There is strong evidence that the warming of the Earth over the last half-century has been caused largely by human activity.”

The idea that humans could change the planet’s climate may be counter-intuitive(与直觉不符的), but the basic science is well understood. Each year, human activity causes billions of tons of greenhouse gases to be released（释放）into the atmosphere. As scientists have known for years, these gases hold heat that would otherwise escape to space, wrapping the planet in an invisible blanket.

Of course, the planet’s climate has always been changing thanks to “natural” factors(因素) such as changes in solar or volcanic（火山的）activity, or cycles relating the Earth’s going around the sun. According to the scientific literature, however, the warming recorded to date matches the pattern of warming we would expect from a build-up of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere – not the warming we would expect from other possible causes.

Even if scientists did discover another reasonable explanation for the warming observed so far, that would beg a difficult question. As Robert Henson puts it in The Rough Guide to Climate Change: “If some newly discovered factor can account for the climate change, then why aren’t carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）and the other greenhouse gases producing the warming that basic physics tells us they should be?”

The only way to prove with 100% certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths – one with human influence and one without. That obviously isn’t possible, and so most scientists are careful not to state human influence as an absolute certainty.

72. In most scientists’ opinion, the global warming is mainly caused by ________.

   A. solar activity                       

B. volcanic activity

C. the Earth’s going around the sun     

D. human activity

73. The text is developed by ________.

   A. giving typical examples

   B. following the order of space

   C. analyzing a theory and arguing it

   D. comparing and finding differences

74. The underline word “identical” means ________.

   A. totally different                    

B. exactly the same

   C. extremely important                  

D. relatively independent

75. Which of the following can be the best title?

   A. Are All the Scientists Really Scientific?

   B. Where Is Global Warming Leading Us to?

   C. Are Humans Definitely Causing Global Warming?

   D. What’s Relation of Global Warming and Greenhouse Gases?

Have you ever been frustrated（沮丧的）when left talking to yourself after your mobile phone battery runs out in the middle of a call?

If yes, then here comes some good news. Scientists are now perfecting a way to recharge（充电）electrical equipment while on the move.

Researchers from the Netherlands, France and Portugal announced last week that they have developed very thin solar panels（太阳能板）that can be put on clothes. They can also be added to furniture and rooftops. They change light from the sun into electricity.

In about three years, you'll be able to wear a jacket that will recharge your phone as you walk. For camping fans, the development could lead to a tent which charges batteries all day so you can have light or music at night.

The basic technology of wearable solar panels is the same as that used for conventional（传统的）solar panels. Pairs of sheets of semi-conducting silicon（半导体硅）are linked together to form the panel.

But scientists made them much thinner by using different silicon. At one micro-metre, they are the same thickness as photographic film.

"This technology will make it easier for people to use clean energy sources," said Gerrit Kroesen, a physicist in the Netherlands who led the team of scientists.

But the thin panels are not as efficient as the thicker ones. While some solar panels now operate at an efficiency of about 20 per cent, the new flexible（柔韧的）panels are only 7 per cent efficient. But the scientists believe that this is worth accepting for a stronger and more useful panel.

But the thinner panel is cheaper. An A4 sized panel put onto the back of a jacket costs less than US$13. It could charge a cellphone during a summer walk in the countryside. As long as you stay within range of the transmitting masts（发射天线）that relay a call to the networks, phones will never again run out of power.

72. What is the meaning of the phrase "on the move" in paragraph 2?

A. Taking a course of action.

B. Going from one place to another.

C. Changing clothes before moving.

D. Changing the mobile phone battery.

73. What is the passage mainly about?

A. A way to recharge electrical equipment.

B. A new kind of chargeable battery.

C. A new type of mobile phone.

D. A use of mobile phones.

74. What is the most important in the development of the technology?

A. Photographic film.                            B. Warmer clothes.

C. Furniture and rooftops.                     D. Thin flexible solar panels.

75. What is NOT likely to happen in the future?

A. You can listen to music in a campsite using the electricity from sunshine.

B. Your mobile phone battery runs out in the middle of a call.

C. You wear a jacket that will recharge your phone.

D. You can change light from the sun into electricity.

Sometimes people recall past events differently from how they happened. Have you ever confused dates and events from your life, or people’s names? Don’t be too hard on yourself if this is the case; it happens to almost everyone. Every day, our brain processes an amazing amount of information. In fact, all our experiences are based on the way our brain interprets the information it receives from our senses. It is impossible to store all of this information, so some of it gets lost. The parts that remain make up our memories. All our thoughts and memories depend on the way our senses work, and we cannot always trust everything our senses tell us.

If you have ever tried to make your own short film on a digital camera, you will have noticed that the images you record are often blurry(模糊不清). To stop the same thing from happening when we see things with our own eyes, our brain is always filling in the blanks. Before our eyes can even focus on an object, our brain has created its own picture of it so that we can move smoothly from looking at one thing to another without the world looking strange. If we are moving quickly or are not focusing properly, our brain may not correctly guess what is around us.

Memory is the way we store the information that our senses have experienced. As we have discussed above, our senses do not always see things accurately, so our memory is just how we store our interpretations of these experiences. When our brain takes in new experiences, it uses the information we retrieve from our memory as a reference. This means that we often do not remember the details of things but just the important parts. When we look at something, we often do not really look closely at it, but we merely look at the different hints that help us indentify it.

This also happens with our hearing and speaking. It is natural for students of English to confuse the word “kitchen”, with the familiar word “chicken”. As the sounds are similar, the mind mistakenly identifies the new word with the one that is familiar. This is perhaps the most common reason why people make mistakes when they learn a new language. 

72. Sometimes things people remember are quite different from how they really happened because ______.

A. not all people are smart enough                            B. the main part of the information gets lost

C. people are too strict with themselves             D. information was processed incompletely

73. Taking the short film on a digital camera for an example, the author means _____.

A. images recorded by cameras could not be accurate

B. brain may form an imagery picture without reference

C. blurry pictures are caused by too fast camera movements

D. the process of vision is an interpretive construct by the brain

74. The underlined word “retrieve” in Paragraph 3 probably means ______.

A. recall                     B. change             C. borrow                  D. differ

75. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE in terms of memory?

A. Memory is exactly what senses have experienced.

B. Memories are made up of the information remaining in minds.

C. Memory is the way to store information experienced by senses.

D. Memories sometimes can be obstacles to learning something new.