“A lot of learning comes through play,” says Mardy McGarry, 52, who has been a special education teacher for 28 years. But her students were too often left out. She had seen the wood chips and sand of traditional playgrounds stop wheelchairs dead in their tracks. When she wanted to build a playground for children with special needs，she knew it wouldn’t take long to develop interest in it around the small fishing village. But she never expected that 2,800 people — a third of the town—would all be willing to make a great effort to bring her vision to life.

McGarry started doing some research into play equipment and contacting design companies and she also found a piece of land available. When the city council(市议会) agreed to set aside an area for a playground, she also asked physical and professional therapists(治疗专家) for their investment. And she turned to her friend, Sue, for help. “Neither of us is good at maths, which is why $450,000 didn’t sound like a lot of money,” McGarry says of the initial estimate.

Her Kiwanis Club came through with $7,000，and that’s when the grassroots movement really got started. One woman gave $25,000 and had her company match it. Soon, smaller businesses were joining in. There was a silent effort to collect money. The local Pieper Family Foundation offered to donate half of the remaining $170,000. All McGarry needed was 500 volunteers to work six 12-hour days.

On September 16, 2008, the first day of construction, they came. Two women heard about the project on the way to work and took the day off to help. A couple in their 80s operated their tractors. Ten-year-olds cleared up the mess. “None of them was paid. It was truly an amazing week,” says McGarry. Only three building managers were paid. Volunteers with “building experience” became coordinators(协调人); those who could operate power tools formed a separate group. One team served meals donated from local restaurants and churches, and another organized activities for the children of volunteers.

Today, Possibility Playground is one of the most popular destinations in Ozaukee County. All children, including the ones with special needs, play shoulder to shoulder. “Some playgrounds have special equipment in a different section. Here, you see all the kids in the same playground, all having fun.”

It’s exactly what McGarry imagined. “People used to ask, ‘Why do you want to build a playground just for children with disabilities?” She says, “It’s only when you build a playground for children with disabilities that you build one for all children.”

It didn’t occur to Mardy McGarry that __________.

A. her plan would soon draw the interest of people in the small village

B. so many people would volunteer to help her realize her dream

C. she would meet with so many difficulties in raising funds

D. the playground would be the most popular destination in Ozaukee County

We can learn from the fourth paragraph that __________.

A. the playground was finished in September 2008

B. everything was well prepared, apart from the volunteers

C. everyone worked unpaid, except for three building managers

D. the playground is so popular that it is overcrowded all the time

It can be inferred from the text that __________.

A. Mardy McGarry is a famous architect in the small town

B. Sue was forced to join in the project because of her son

C. people always ignore the real needs of disabled children

D. Mardy McGarry’s vision has been successfully accomplished at last

What would be the best title for this text?

A. Mardy McGarry: A Woman with Great Determination.

B. Cooperation: The Greatest Power in Overcoming Any Difficulty.

C. Show Real Concern for Poor Disabled Children.

D. Make it Matter to Build a Playground for Disabled Children.

     A study published in September suggests there is a surprising way to get people to avoid unhealthy foods: change their memories. Scientist Elizabeth Loftus of the University of California at Irvine asked volunteers to answer some questions on their personalities (个性) and food experiences. “One week later,” Loftus says, “we told those people we'd fed their answers into our smart computer and it came up with an account of their early childhood experiences.” Some accounts included one key additional detail (细节): “You got sick after eating strawberry ice-cream.” The researchers then changed this detail into a manufactured (人为促生的) memory through leading questions—Who were you with? How did you feel? By the end of the study, up to 41% of those given a false memory believed strawberry ice-cream once made them sick, and many said they'd avoid eating it.

    When Loftus published her findings, she started getting calls from people begging her to make them remember hating chocolate or French fries. Unfortunately, it's not that easy. False memories appear to work only for foods you don't eat on a regular basis. But most important, it is likely that false memories can be implanted (灌输) only in people who are unaware of the mental control. And lying to a patient is immoral, even if a doctor believes it's for the patient's benefit.

    Loftus says there's nothing to stop parents from trying it with their overweight children. “I say, wake up—parents have been lying about Father Christmas for years, and nobody seems to mind. If they can prevent diseases caused by fatness and all the other problems that come with that, you might think that's a more moral lie. Decide that for yourself.”

72. Why did Loftus ask the volunteers to answer some questions?

    A. To improve her computer program.           B. To find out their attitudes towards food.

    C. To find out details she can make use of             D. To predict what food they'll like in the future.

73. What did Loftus find out from her research?

    A. People believe what the computer tells them.

    B. People can be led to believe in something false.

    C. People tend to forget their childhood experiences.

    D. People are not always aware of their personalities.

74. According to the study, people may stop having a certain food if they ________.

A. learn it is harmful for health                        

B. lie to themselves that they don't want it

    C. are willing to let doctors control their minds

    D. think they once had a bad experience of eating it

75. What is the biggest concern with the method?

    A. Whether it is moral.                                B. Who it is best for.

    C. When it is effective.                                D. How it should be used.

Having driven almost thirty hours, I decided to stay in South Carolina for a few days. The next morning, I purchased a three-day fishing license and bait (饵料) before heading to the lake.

Opening my trunk, I carefully took out my fishing gear (用具), put it on the lake’s edge, baited up and began to fish.

       “Good morning,” said someone, walking up from behind me.

       Turning around, I saw a game warden (猎场管理员) with a clip-board.

       “Good morning,” I said, nodding my head.

      “Catch any fish?” he asked.

       “No sir, just relaxing and killing time.”

       “Can I see your fishing license?”

       I handed him the license I had purchased at the bait shop.

       “Can I see your driver’s license, too?” he requested.

       “I see the name on the driver’s license is spelled Kiser and the name on the fishing license is Kaiser,” said the warden.

       “The gentleman at the bait shop must have written it wrong,” I told him.

       “Well, I’m afraid I’ll have to write you up for fishing with an invalid license and take away your fishing gear.”

       “You’ve got to be kidding,” I responded, with a surprised look on my face.

       Sure enough I was written up and my fishing gear taken away. I was told that I would have to pay a fine and that my stuff would be sold at auction（拍卖）.

       I stood there almost in tears as he drove away. Those rods and reels were very special to me. I had used them over twenty years, fishing with my friends, who were now all dead.

       After returning home in Georgia, I telephoned South Carolina trying to explain the situation, but no one would listen. I was told that the Department of Fish and Game had a “zero tolerance” for fishing and hunting violations. Finally, in tears I paid the fine and gave up the fight.

       Nine months later, I received a letter. I had no idea who it was from as there was no return address. On a plain piece of notebook paper was written “Auction for the Department of Fish and Game held this Saturday at 11:00 am.”

       On Saturday, at six in the morning I headed to South Carolina. By ten o’clock I had found the auction. There were numerous boats and piles upon piles of fishing equipment. All at once, there it was—my wonderful stuff all thrown in a pile as if it was worth nothing.

       As the auction began I took my seat. In my wallet was twenty-seven dollars. For more than an hour I waited for my property to be brought to the auction block.

       “We have three rods and reels here. I guess we will sell this as a unit,” said the auctioneer.

       “50 dollars,” yelled someone in the crowd.

       “51 dollars,” yelled another man.

       I rose from my seat and walked out of the auction.

       “66 dollars,” I heard as the bidding continued.

       “100 dollars,” came another bid. The auction became silent.

       “100 dollars once, 100 dollars twice, 100 dollars three times. Sold for 100 dollars,” went the auctioneer.

I walked to my truck, got in and just sat there. Suddenly I heard something hit the side of my truck. Turning around, I saw the back of a man putting my three rods and reels into my truck. It was the same game warden who wrote me the ticket almost a year ago!

       As I got out of the truck he stuck out his hand and said, “I wasn’t wrong. It’s the law that is wrong.”

       I shook his hand, thanked him and drove away. I cried as I crossed the South Carolina Georgia state line.

Who wrote a letter to the writer telling him about the auction?

A. The Department of Fish and Game.                  B. The game warden.

C. A person unmentioned in the passage.                      D. The auction organizers.  

Why did the writer walk out of the auction while it was going on?

   A. He realized he was unable to get back his fishing gear.

   B. He was too nervous to stay inside till the auction ended.

   C. He couldn’t bear hearing people selling his fishing gear.

   D. He knew the game warden was waiting for him outside.

What did the game warden mean by saying “It’s the law that is wrong”?

A. It didn’t make any sense to prohibit people from fishing freely in South Carolina.

B. The writer did break the law by fishing with an invalid license whatever the reason.

C. The writer should have been allowed a chance to explain and get his things back.

D. The auction should not have been held to sell the boats and fishing equipment.

A recent study conducted by the Pine Street Foundation showed that a dog’s nose may have the ability to detect cancer. A dog’s nose, which was the “medical device” used as part of the research, is believed to be among the world’s most powerful olfactory(嗅觉的) sensors. The study was conducted with 169 subjects 55 of which had been diagnosed as having lung cancer, 31 have breast cancer and 83 control subjects——people without cancer. During the study, five professionally trained scent dogs were used to distinguish between the breath samples of cancer patients and those who were healthy. With an average of 90% accuracy, the research was deemed a success.

The Pine Street Foundation conducted its research on the belief that cancer cells give off a different type of metabolic(新陈代谢) waste product than normal cells. According to the study, the difference is so great that it can be detected by a dog’s sense of smell, including both early and late stages of the disease.

In the conclusion of the study the Pine Street Foundation said that even ordinary dogs may be trained to identify the presence of cancer with only a breath sample. The organization also said that dogs can recognize the disease with astonishing amount accuracy and, finally, that the dog’s detection was not hindered(妨碍) by the presence of age, smoking or stage of cancer.

The Pine Street Foundation plans to continue their research and is currently seeking funding to launch new studies.

If we want to add several different detecting examples to the passage, we should write them

        __________.

       A．between paragraph 1 and paragraph 2    B．between paragraph 2 and paragraph 3

       C．between paragraph 3 and paragraph 4    D．before paragraph 1 or after paragraph 4

The best title for this passage might be ______.

       A．Dogs may smell cancer   B．Why dogs can smell cancer

       C．A Study on dogs’ special ability     D．A study on breast cancer

Dogs can smell cancer because ____________.

       A．they can detect faster than man      B．their sense of smell is very sensitive

       C．dogs metabolize the food slowly     D．patients give off bad smell

People can know from the passage _________.

       A．all dogs can be used to smell cancer

       B．it’s not easy to find out cancer in the early stage

       C．most of the research experiments are successful

       D．dogs detect cancer by breathing and feeling

Having driven almost thirty hours, I decided to stay in South Carolina for a few days. The next morning, I purchased a three-day fishing license and bait (饵料) before heading to the lake.

Opening my trunk, I carefully took out my fishing gear (用具), put it on the lake’s edge, baited up and began to fish.

 “Good morning,” said someone, walking up from behind me.

Turning around, I saw a game warden (猎场管理员) with a clip-board.

 “Good morning,” I said, nodding my head.

 “Catch any fish?” he asked.

 “No sir, just relaxing and killing time.”

 “Can I see your fishing license?”

I handed him the license I had purchased at the bait shop.

 “Can I see your driver’s license, too?” he requested.

 “I see the name on the driver’s license is spelled Kiser and the name on the fishing license is Kaiser,” said the warden.

 “The gentleman at the bait shop must have written it wrong,” I told him.

 “Well, I’m afraid I’ll have to write you up for fishing with an invalid license and take away your fishing gear.”

 “You’ve got to be kidding,” I responded, with a surprised look on my face.

Sure enough I was written up and my fishing gear taken away. I was told that I would have to pay a fine and that my stuff would be sold at auction（拍卖）.

I stood there almost in tears as he drove away. Those rods and reels were very special to me. I had used them over twenty years, fishing with my friends, who were now all dead.

After returning home in Georgia, I telephoned South Carolina trying to explain the situation, but no

one would listen. I was told that the Department of Fish and Game had a “zero tolerance” for fishing and hunting violations. Finally, in tears I paid the fine and gave up the fight.

Nine months later, I received a letter. I had no idea who it was from as there was no return address. On a plain piece of notebook paper was written “Auction for the Department of Fish and Game held this Saturday at 11:00 am.”

On Saturday, at six in the morning I headed to South Carolina. By ten o’clock I had found the auction. There were numerous boats and piles upon piles of fishing equipment. All at once, there it was—my wonderful stuff all thrown in a pile as if it was worth nothing.

As the auction began I took my seat. In my wallet was twenty-seven dollars. For more than an hour I waited for my property to be brought to the auction block.

 “We have three rods and reels here. I guess we will sell this as a unit,” said the auctioneer.

 “50 dollars,” yelled someone in the crowd.

 “51 dollars,” yelled another man.

I rose from my seat and walked out of the auction.

“66 dollars,” I heard as the bidding continued.

 “100 dollars,” came another bid. The auction became silent.

“100 dollars once, 100 dollars twice, 100 dollars three times. Sold for 100 dollars,” went the auctioneer.

I walked to my truck, got in and just sat there. Suddenly I heard something hit the side of my truck. Turning around, I saw the back of a man putting my three rods and reels into my truck. It was the same game warden who wrote me the ticket almost a year ago!

As I got out of the truck he stuck out his hand and said, “I wasn’t wrong. It’s the law that is wrong.”

I shook his hand, thanked him and drove away. I cried as I crossed the South Carolina Georgia state line.

Who wrote a letter to the writer telling him about the auction?

A. The Department of Fish and Game.                  B. The game warden.

C. A person unmentioned in the passage.                      D. The auction organizers.  

Why did the writer walk out of the auction while it was going on?

A. He realized he was unable to get back his fishing gear.

B. He was too nervous to stay inside till the auction ended.

C. He couldn’t bear hearing people selling his fishing gear.

D. He knew the game warden was waiting for him outside.

What did the game warden mean by saying “It’s the law that is wrong”?

A. It didn’t make any sense to prohibit people from fishing freely in South Carolina.

B. The writer did break the law by fishing with an invalid license whatever the reason.

C. The writer should have been allowed a chance to explain and get his things back.

D. The auction should not have been held to sell the boats and fishing equipment.