The quality of drinking water in Shanghai will meet European Union standard by 2010 and, a decade later, citizens in Shanghai will drink the best water in the world．

       These were the goals set out by the Shanghai Water Authority．With the city’s population expected to increase only slightly and the economy to boom by 2020, Chen Yin, and official with the water authority, said Shanghai’s water consumption will not increase from its present amount．

       Zhang Yue, director of the Urban Construction Division under the Ministry of Construction, said, “Shanghai is the first city in the country to publicize these ambitions．They will not be easy to achieve．”

       He said water saving will help keep the sustainable development of China’s economy．

       Saving one cubic meter of water means saving the city’s infrastructure（基础设施）costs by 10,000 Yuan．Last year, Shanghai saved 300 million cubic meters of water either from readjustment of industrial structure or the employment of new technology．

       “The aim is to arouse public awareness of the seriousness of water shortages,” Chen said．“The abundant surface water and amount of rain of the city are so misleading that they result in improper use of water．”

       Shanghai lacks drinkable water．The Huangpu River, which supplies 80 percent of the city’s drinkable water, is nearing exhaustion．

       The city, therefore, has been exploring new sources from the Yangtze River and growing forests along it to conserve quality water．

       Besides penning regulations, the authority is popularizing technology among the public to efficiently cut the amount of water used．

       At present, the city has 600，000 family toilets, each using 13 liters of water per flush．These are to be renovated（整修）to use only 9 liters of water per flush．

       The authority is renovating the first 200 toilets for households – at a cost of 40 Yuan each．

       In three years, all the toilets will be renovated, which saves the city nearly 15 million Yuan every year in water conservation．

       Another task the city is engaged in is the treatment of sewage（污水）to improve the water environment．

       At present the city can only treat 44 percent of its daily 5．04 million tons of waste water．To meet the total demand, 27 more sewage treatment factories are to be established with an estimated investment of 18 billion Yuan．

1.People in Shanghai get their daily water mainly from _______now．

       A．the underground                                  B．the rain

       C．the Yangtze River                                 D．the Huangpu River

2.According to the passage, some people have the wrong opinion of using water because      ．

       A．the renovating of family toilets will save plenty of water

       B．about half of waste water has been treated already

       C．advanced technology makes people use water as much as possible

       D．there is plenty surface water and large amount of rain at present

3.The authority is renovating the first 200 toilets for households to          ．

       A．make people’s living more convenient

       B．improve people’s living standards

       C．ease employment pressure

       D．meet the total demand of water

4.Which group of measures are all mentioned in the passage to save water?

       a．improve drinking water quality

       b．change some industrial structure

       c．introduce or use some new technology

       d．speed the economic development of Shanghai

       e．renovate some family toilets

f．build more sewage treatment factories

       A．a, b, c, d                                             B．b, c, e, f

       C．b, c, d, e                                             D．a, b, e, f

5.We can infer from the passage that          ．

       A．the boom of economy will need a larger amount of water in the future

       B．citizens today in Shanghai drink the best quality of water in the world

       C．not everyone today in Shanghai is aware of water shortage

       D．all the family toilets will be renovated to save water within 3 years

 

The quality of drinking water in Shanghai will meet European Union standard by 2010 and, a decade later, citizens in Shanghai will drink the best water in the world.

These were the goals set out by the Shanghai Water Authority. With the city’s population expected to increase only slightly and the economy to boom by 2020, Chen Yin, and official with the water authority, said Shanghai’s water consumption will not increase from its present amount.

Zhang Yue, director of the Urban Construction Division under the Ministry of Construction, said, “Shanghai is the first city in the country to publicize these ambitions. They will not be easy to achieve.”

He said water saving will help keep the sustainable development of China’s economy.

Saving one cubic meter of water means saving the city’s infrastructure（基础设施）costs by 10,000 Yuan. Last year, Shanghai saved 300 million cubic meters of water either from readjustment of industrial structure or the employment of new technology.

 “The aim is to arouse public awareness of the seriousness of water shortages,” Chen said. “The abundant surface water and amount of rain of the city are so misleading that they result in improper use of water.”

Shanghai lacks drinkable water. The Huangpu River, which supplies 80 percent of the city’s drinkable water, is nearing exhaustion.

The city, therefore, has been exploring new sources from the Yangtze River and growing forests along it to conserve quality water.

Besides penning regulations, the authority is popularizing technology among the public to efficiently cut the amount of water used.

At present, the city has 600，000 family toilets, each using 13 liters of water per flush. These are to be renovated（整修）to use only 9 liters of water per flush.

The authority is renovating the first 200 toilets for households – at a cost of 40 Yuan each.

In three years, all the toilets will be renovated, which saves the city nearly 15 million Yuan every year in water conservation.

Another task the city is engaged in is the treatment of sewage（污水）to improve the water environment.

At present the city can only treat 44 percent of its daily 5.04 million tons of waste water. To meet the total demand, 27 more sewage treatment factories are to be established with an estimated investment of 18 billion Yuan.

1.People in Shanghai get their daily water mainly from         now.

A．the underground         B．the rain

C．the Yangtze River         D．the Huangpu River

2.According to the passage, some people have the wrong opinion of using water because      .

A．the renovating of family toilets will save plenty of water

B．about half of waste water has been treated already

C．advanced technology makes people use water as much as possible

D．there is plenty surface water and large amount of rain at present

3.The authority is renovating the first 200 toilets for households to          .

A．make people’s living more convenient

B．improve people’s living standards

C．ease employment pressure         

D．meet the total demand of water

4.Which group of measures are all mentioned in the passage to save water?

a．improve drinking water quality    b．change some industrial structure

c．introduce or use some new technology      

d．speed the economic development of Shanghai

e．renovate some family toilets        f．build more sewage treatment factories

A．a, b, c, d      B．b, c, e, f       C．b, c, d, e      D．a, b, e, f

5.We can infer from the passage that          .

A．the boom of economy will need a larger amount of water in the future

B．citizens today in Shanghai drink the best quality of water in the world

C．not everyone today in Shanghai is aware of water shortage

D．all the family toilets will be renovated to save water within 3 years

 

There has been a dramatic increase in the number of natural disasters over the past few years, and it is assumed that global warming and climate change could cause even more disasters in the future. Some of the world’s leading cities are facing disasters like floods and heat waves.

    London

    London’s flood defences are getting older. Since 1982, the Thames Barrier(水闸)has protected the city from the threat of flooding, but it was only designed to last until 2030 and close once every two or three years. About 26 years later the barrier now closes five or six times a year and according to Environment Agency predictions, by 2050 the barrier will be closed on almost every tide if the problem is not addressed.

    There are 26 underground stations, 400 schools, 16 hospitals, an airport and 80 billion worth of property in London’s flood risk area, so large scale flooding would be disastrous.

    Paris

    Over a six week period in July and August 2003, more than 1 1,400—mainly elderly people—died in France from dehydration(脱水)and extremely high body temperature in a deadly heat wave. Heat waves of similar intensity(强度)are expected every seven years by 2050, so what can be done to make sure such a disaster does not happen again?

    One solution is to have air-conditioners installed in elderly care homes. But this is considered a short-term solution, as the increase in demand for electricity also increases carbon emissions(排放).

 In Paris the local authorities are encouraging architects to design new types of buildings such as the building “Flower Tower,” which uses a covering of bamboo to act as a natural air-conditioner.

Shanghai

    Shanghai is the fastest growing city on Earth. It has a population of 18 million and is only 4 meters above sea level. Sea levels are predicted to rise by 20 cm within the next century.

    An estimated 250，000 people move to Shanghai every year in search of work, placing extra demands on energy consumption. China relies heavily on coal—fired power stations, but these emissions increase temperatures and, in turn, warmer seas increase the risk of typhoons.

1.What problem should be settled now in London?

A．How to protect the city’s property

B．Where to build its flood defences

C．How to use the Thames Barrier to protect the city

D．How to improve the function of the old flood defences

2.Which of the following measures can’t solve the heat wave disaster in Paris?

A．Putting up new types of buildings with a covering of bamboo

B．Having air-conditioners installed in elderly care homes

C．Forbidding the city to build“Flower Tower”

D．Encouraging architects to design new types of buildings

3.The major threats to Shanghai are           ．

A．increasing population and coal-fired power stations

B．rising sea levels and typhoons

C．extremely high temperature and rising sea levels

D．extra demands on energy consumption and typhoons

4.The purpose of the passage is       ．

A．to tell us how to protect the big cities

B．to give advice on how to defend natural disasters

C．to explain what causes flood and heat waves

D．to warn us of the increasing natural disasters in big cities

5.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A．Big Cities Facing Big Disasters

B．Big Disasters in the Future

C．The Increase of Natural Disasters

D．Solutions to Natural Disasters

 

The quality of drinking water in Shanghai will meet European Union standard by 2010 and, a decade later, citizens in Shanghai will drink the best water in the world.

These were the goals set out by the Shanghai Water Authority. With the city’s population expected to increase only slightly and the economy to boom by 2020, Chen Yin, an official in the water authority, said Shanghai’s water consumption will not increase from its present amount.

Zhang Yue, director of the Urban Construction Division under the Ministry of Construction, said, “Shanghai is the first city in the country to publicize these ambitions. They will not be easy to achieve.” He said water saving will help keep the sustainable development of China’s economy.

Saving one cubic meter of water means saving the city’s infrastructure（基础设施）costs by 10,000 Yuan. Last year, Shanghai saved 300 million cubic meters of water either from readjustment of industrial structure or the employment of new technology.

“The aim is to arouse public awareness of the seriousness of water shortages,” Chen said. “The abundant surface water and amount of rain of the city are so misleading that they result in improper use of water.”

Shanghai lacks drinkable water. The Huangpu River, which supplies 80 percent of the city’s drinkable water, is nearing exhaustion. The city, therefore, has been exploring new sources from the Yangtze River and growing forests along it to conserve quality water.

Besides penning regulations, the authority is popularizing technology among the public to efficiently cut the amount of water used.

At present, the city has 600,000 family toilets, each using 13 liters of water per flush. These are to be renovated（整修）to use only 9 liters of water per flush. The authority is renovating the first 200 toilets for households – at a cost of Yuan each. In three years, all the toilets will be renovated, which saves the city nearly 15 million Yuan every year in water conservation.

Another task the city is engaged in is the treatment of sewage（污水）to improve the water environment. At present the city can only treat 44 percent of its daily 5.04 million tons of waste water. To meet the total demand, 27 more sewage treatment factories are to be established with an estimated investment of 18 billion Yuan.

1.People in Shanghai get their daily water mainly from _______now.

  A．the underground              B．the Huangpu River

  C．the rain                     D．the Yangtze River

2.According to the passage, some people have the wrong opinion of using water because      .

  A．the renovating of family toilets will save plenty of water

  B．about half of waste water has been treated already

  C．there is plenty surface water and large amount of rain at present

  D．advanced technology makes people use water as much as possible

3.Which group of measures are all mentioned in the passage to save water?

    a．improve drinking water quality

    b．change some industrial structure

c．introduce or use some new technology

d．speed the economic development of Shanghai

e．renovate some family toilets

f．build more sewage treatment factories

  A．a, b, c, d           B．a, b, e, f

  C．b, c, d, e           D．b, c, e, f

4.We can infer from the passage that          .

  A．not everyone today in Shanghai is aware of water shortage

  B．citizens today in Shanghai drink the best quality of water in the world

  C．the boom of economy will need a larger amount of water in the future

  D．all the family toilets will be renovated to save water within 3 years

 

The quality of drinking water in Shanghai will meet European Union standard by 2010 and, a decade later, citizens in Shanghai will drink the best water in the world．

       These were the goals set out by the Shanghai Water Authority．With the city’s population expected to increase only slightly and the economy to boom by 2020, Chen Yin, and official with the water authority, said Shanghai’s water consumption will not increase from its present amount．

       Zhang Yue, director of the Urban Construction Division under the Ministry of Construction, said, “Shanghai is the first city in the country to publicize these ambitions．They will not be easy to achieve．”

       He said water saving will help keep the sustainable development of China’s economy．

       Saving one cubic meter of water means saving the city’s infrastructure（基础设施）costs by 10,000 Yuan．Last year, Shanghai saved 300 million cubic meters of water either from readjustment of industrial structure or the employment of new technology．

       “The aim is to arouse public awareness of the seriousness of water shortages,” Chen said．“The abundant surface water and amount of rain of the city are so misleading that they result in improper use of water．”

       Shanghai lacks drinkable water．The Huangpu River, which supplies 80 percent of the city’s drinkable water, is nearing exhaustion．

       The city, therefore, has been exploring new sources from the Yangtze River and growing forests along it to conserve quality water．

       Besides penning regulations, the authority is popularizing technology among the public to efficiently cut the amount of water used．

       At present, the city has 600，000 family toilets, each using 13 liters of water per flush．These are to be renovated（整修）to use only 9 liters of water per flush．

       The authority is renovating the first 200 toilets for households – at a cost of 40 Yuan each．

       In three years, all the toilets will be renovated, which saves the city nearly 15 million Yuan every year in water conservation．

       Another task the city is engaged in is the treatment of sewage（污水）to improve the water environment．

       At present the city can only treat 44 percent of its daily 5．04 million tons of waste water．To meet the total demand, 27 more sewage treatment factories are to be established with an estimated investment of 18 billion Yuan．

1．People in Shanghai get their daily water mainly from _______now．

       A．the underground                                  B．the rain

       C．the Yangtze River                                 D．the Huangpu River

2．According to the passage, some people have the wrong opinion of using water because      ．

       A．the renovating of family toilets will save plenty of water

       B．about half of waste water has been treated already

       C．advanced technology makes people use water as much as possible

       D．there is plenty surface water and large amount of rain at present

3．The authority is renovating the first 200 toilets for households to          ．

       A．make people’s living more convenient

       B．improve people’s living standards

       C．ease employment pressure

       D．meet the total demand of water

4．Which group of measures are all mentioned in the passage to save water?

       a．improve drinking water quality

       b．change some industrial structure

       c．introduce or use some new technology

       d．speed the economic development of Shanghai

       e．renovate some family toilets

       f．build more sewage treatment factories

       A．a, b, c, d                                             B．b, c, e, f

       C．b, c, d, e                                             D．a, b, e, f

5．We can infer from the passage that_____________．

       A．the boom of economy will need a larger amount of water in the future

       B．citizens today in Shanghai drink the best quality of water in the world

       C．not everyone today in Shanghai is aware of water shortage

       D．all the family toilets will be renovated to save water within 3 years