练习册

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    1．状语 (一)状语的定义 修饰动词.形容词.副词或整个句子.说明动作或状态特征的句子成分.叫做状语. (二)状语的表现形式 (1)副词及副词性词组 Light travels most quickly.光传播得最快. Factories and buildings are seen here and there.到处都能见到工厂和建筑物. (2)介词短语 He has lived in the city for ten years.他在那座城市住了10年了. In spite of the difficulties, we went on with our work.尽管有困难.但是我们仍继续工作. He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.他因通过高考而感到自豪. The box is too heavy for me to lift.这个箱子太重.我抬不起. He is in the room making a model plane.他在房间里做一架飞机模型. Not knowing what to do, he decided to ask the teacher for advice.他不知道怎么办好.就去问老师. Encouraged by the teacher, I made up my mind to learn English well.在老师的鼓励下.我决心把英语学好. Wait a minute.等一下. Would you please come this way?请这边走. I go to school every day.我每天去上学. (6)从句 Once you begin, you must continue.一旦开始.你就得继续下去. It is very difficult to live where there is little water.在没有多少水的地方.生活是十分艰难的. I must work harder in order that I may catch up with the others.为了赶上其他人.我必须更努力学习. (三)状语的种类 状语按照内容可以分为时间.地点.原因.目的.结果.条件.让步.方式.程度伴随情况等. (1)时间状语 How about meeting again at six?六点再见面怎样? When it rains, I usually go to school by bus.下雨天.我通常乘公共汽车去上学. (2)原因状语 Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.由于下雨.她昨晚没有去参加舞会. Since you are very busy, I won’t trouble you.既然你很忙.我就不打扰你了. (3)条件状语 I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.如果不下雨.我将到那里去. As (So) long as you work hard, you can make rapid progress in English.只要你努力.你就可以在英语方面取得很快的进步. (4)地点状语 Mr. Smith lives on the third floor.史密斯先生住在3楼. Where there is water, there is life.有水的地方.就有生命. (5)方式状语 She put the eggs into the basket with great care.她小心地把鸡蛋放在蓝子里. He has greatly improved his spoken English by this means.他用这种方式极大地改善了他的英语口语. (6)伴随状语 She came in with a dictionary in her hand.她进来时手拿着一本字典. The teacher came in, followed by a group of students.老师走了进来.后面跟着一群学生. (7)目的状语 In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.为了赶上其他人.我必须更努力学习. I went there to see a friend of mine.我去那里看我的一个朋友. Bring it close so that I may see it better.把它拿近些.以便我看得更清楚些. (8)结果状语 He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.他累极了.立刻就睡着了. He is so good a teacher that the students love respect him.他是一位很好的老师.学生们都敬爱他. (9)让步状语 She works very hard though she is old.虽然她年纪大了.但她仍然十分努力工作. No matter when you come, you are warmly welcome.不管你什么时候来.都欢迎. (10)程度状语 They were greatly moved to hear the hero’s story.听了英雄的故事.他们深受感动. I quite agree with you.我完全同意你的意见. (11)比较状语 I am taller than he is.我比他高. The more I speak English, the better I?ll be.我越多讲英语.就讲得越好. 注:副词修饰动词时放在行为动词之后或动词的宾语之后.修饰形容词或副词时放在被修饰词之前. 如: They study hard.他们学习努力. He was very sad.他非常伤心. She speaks English quite well.她英语讲得很好. We go to school on foot.我们步行上学. (四)状语的位置 英语中状语的位置比较灵活.影响状语位置的因素很多.如强调的程度.句子的平衡及状语本身的长短等都可以影响状语的位置. (1)修饰谓语的状语通常放在谓语之后. He walked very quickly.他走得很快. I saw him the other day.几天前我见过他. The match was put off because of rain.比赛因下雨而推迟. (2)修饰谓语动词的状语有时不止一个.主要归纳为下面几种情况. ①如果有多个时间状语或地点状语.我们一般把单位小的放在单位大的前面.这和汉语的次序正好相反. 如: We are going to meet him at the airport at two o’clock this afternoon.我们将于今天下午两点到机场迎接他. ②如果句中既有时间状语.又有地点状语.则地点状语通常放在时间状语之前. 如: I?ll meet you at the theatre at six?thirty.我六点半在剧院跟你见面. I studied English at the university for five years.我在这所大学学了5年英语. ③方式状语的位置一般放在时间.地点状语之前,如果地点状语较短.则放在地点状语之后. 如: The lady sat down and ate greedily before others.那女子坐下.然后在众人面前狼吞虎咽地吃了起来. Susan got there on foot yesterday.苏姗昨天步行到那里. (3)表示频度的副词像offten, usually, always, sometimes, seldom, never, ever, rarely, generally, constantly等.通常要放在主动词的前面,如果谓语部分含有情态助动词.基本助动词或动词be.就要放在这些动词之后. 如: He is always busy.他总是很忙. I usually go to work at eight in the morning.我通常上午8点上班. We often meet at the bus station.我们常常在公共汽车站碰面. I shall never forget that day.我永远不会忘记那一天. (4)不定式短语作目的状语.通常放在句末.有时为了强调也可放在句首,不定式短语作结果状语则通常放在动词后面. 如: Most countries use these satellites to send and receive messages.大多数国家利用这些卫星发送和接收消息. The Englishman will move back in order to keep a certain distance away.英国人则会后退.以保持一定的距离. To make this news certain, he carried out a thorough investigation after the meeting.为了证实这一消息.他会后进行了彻底的调查. Two years later, her father disappeared, never to be heard from again.两年之后.她父亲失踪了.再也没听到他的音信. (5)?ing分词短语作方式.伴随状语常放在被修饰的动词之后,作时间.原因状语等常放在句首,作结果.目的状语常位于句末. 如: They are now at breakfast, talking about the plan for their trip.他们正在吃早餐.谈论着旅行计划. In Arab countries, you eat using the fingers of your right hand.在阿拉伯国家.人们用右手手指吃饭. Having been separated from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found anywhere else in the world.由于与别的大陆已分离了几百万年.澳大利亚有许多动植物是世界其他地方所没有的. The fish can eat a person in two minutes, leaving only the bones.这种鱼两分钟内就可以把一个人吃掉.只剩下骨头. 【查看更多】

     

    题目列表(包括答案和解析)

    　　答案与简析：

    　　76. famous前加上a。 （名词数）。 77. 正确 78. we前面加when，引导一个时间状语从句。（句子成分多分析） 79. them→us （逻辑错误须关注） 80. visiting→visited（非谓动词细辨别） 81. picture→pictures（名词数） 82. passes→passed（动词形） 83. 去掉down（习惯用法要记住） 84. and→but（but, and, or和so） 85. 去掉at（句子成分多分析 / 习惯用法要记住）。

      

     (一)

    Most families in China hoped their single children will          76．_______

    have a happy future, so they are very strict in their children.  77．_______

    So do teachers in schools! Many children are given so much       78．_______

    homework that they have hardly any spare time have sports.       79．_______

    The children are forbidden to do anything but to study. No       80．_______

    wonder so many children are tired of lessons. Some even          81．_______

    attack or kill his parents and teachers! I believe many people   82．_______

    already read this kind of news in newspapers or magazines.       83．_______

    Shouldn't we draw lesson from the accidents? Now our             84．_______

    government is making out a plan to solve the education problems. 85．_______

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