A Science Daily -------- Dutch ecologist Roxina Soler and her colleagues have discovered that subterraneanand above ground herbivorousinsects can communicate with each other by using plants as telephones. Subterranean insects issue chemical warning signals through the leaves of the plant. Thus, aboveground insects are warned that the plant is already “ occupied . In recent years it has been discovered that different types of aboveground insects develop slowly if they feed on plants that also have subterranean residents and vice versa. It seems that a system has developed through natural selection, which helps the subterranean and aboveground insects to communicate with each other. This avoids unnecessary competition. Through the “green telephone lines , subterranean insects can also communicate with a third party, namely caterpillars. Parasitic waspslay their eggs inside aboveground insects. The wasps also benefit from the signals sent by the leaves, The communication between subterranean and aboveground It is still not clear how widespread this phenomenon is. This research was carried out at the Netherlands Institute for Ecology by Roxina Soler, Jeffrey Harvey, Martijn Bezemer, Wim van der Putten and Louise Vet. was funded by the Free Competition of NOW Earth and Life Sciences. 41. After finding a plant occupied by root-eating insects, aboveground insects will usually . A. send out warning signals B. choose to leave the plant C. fight with the root-eating insects D. compete with them for the same plant 42. Aboveground insects will develop more quickly if their food plants . A. have more green leaves B. get more water and sunlight C. are often visited by parasitic wasps D. are not occupied by root-eating insects 43. The underlined part “a third party in Paragraph 4 refers to . A. caterpillars B. root-eating insects C. parasitic wasps D. aboveground insects 44. What is the best title for the passage ? A. Insects use plants as “telephones B. How do animals avoid competition C. The living habit of different insects D. Communication between different insects 查看更多

 

题目列表(包括答案和解析)


Science Daily (Apr 27, 2008) — Dutch ecologist Roxina Soler and her colleagues have discovered that subterranean (地下的) and aboveground herbivorous (食草的) insects can communicate with each other by using plants as telephones. Subterranean insects issue chemical warning signals through the leaves of the plant. This way, aboveground insects are warned that the plant is already “occupied”.
Aboveground, leaf-eating insects prefer plants that have not yet been occupied by subterranean root-eating insects. Subterranean insects send out chemical signals through the leaves of the plant, which warn the aboveground insects about their presence. This messaging makes it possible for spatially-separated insects to avoid each other, so that they do not compete for the same plant.
In recent years it has been discovered that different types of aboveground insects develop slowly if they feed on plants that also have subterranean residents and vice versa (反之亦然). It seems that a system has developed through natural selection, which helps the subterranean and aboveground insects to notice each other. This avoids unnecessary competition.
Through the “green telephone lines”, subterranean insects can also communicate with a third party, namely the natural enemy of caterpillars (毛虫). Parasitic wasps (寄生的黄蜂) lay their eggs inside aboveground insects. The wasps also benefit from the signals sent by the leaves, as these help them find more insects for their eggs.
The communication between subterranean and aboveground insects has only been studied in a few cases. It is still not clear how widespread this phenomenon is. But scientists are looking into it. This research was carried out at the Netherlands Institute for Ecology (NIOO-KNAW) by Roxina Soler, Jeffrey Harvey, Martijn Bezemer, Wim van der Putten and Louise Vet. The PhD project, in which this study was carried out, was funded by the Free Competition of NWO Earth and Life Sciences.
51. After finding a plant occupied by subterranean insects, aboveground insects usually ____.
A. send out warning signals             B. choose to give up the plant
C. compete for the plant               D. share it with the subterranean insects
52. Aboveground insects will develop more quickly if they ____.
A. feed on plants occupied by subterranean insects
B. feed on plants not occupied by subterranean insects
C. become cleverer through natural selection
D. compete with subterranean insects
53. Subterranean insects communicate with a third party through ____.
A. caterpillars     B. parasitic wasps    C. wasps’ eggs    D. a plant’s leaves
54. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Other animals may communicate in the same way.
B. There will be further research into this phenomenon.
C. Part of the study is a PhD project.
D. The Free Completion of NWO Earth and Life Sciences has the patent for these results.
55. What would be the best title for this passage?
A. Insects use plants as a telephone.         B. Insects live in harmony with each other.
C. No species can live alone.               D. Plants and animals have an effect on each other.

查看答案和解析>>

Science Daily (Apr 27, 2008) — Dutch ecologist Roxina Soler and her colleagues have discovered that subterranean (地下的) and aboveground herbivorous (食草的) insects can communicate with each other by using plants as telephones. Subterranean insects issue chemical warning signals through the leaves of the plant. This way, aboveground insects are warned that the plant is already “occupied”.

Aboveground, leaf-eating insects prefer plants that have not yet been occupied by subterranean root-eating insects. Subterranean insects send out chemical signals through the leaves of the plant, which warn the aboveground insects about their presence. This messaging makes it possible for spatially-separated insects to avoid each other, so that they do not compete for the same plant.

In recent years it has been discovered that different types of aboveground insects develop slowly if they feed on plants that also have subterranean residents and vice versa (反之亦然). It seems that a system has developed through natural selection, which helps the subterranean and aboveground insects to notice each other. This avoids unnecessary competition.

Through the “green telephone lines”, subterranean insects can also communicate with a third party, namely the natural enemy of caterpillars (毛虫). Parasitic wasps (寄生的黄蜂) lay their eggs inside aboveground insects. The wasps also benefit from the signals sent by the leaves, as these help them find more insects for their eggs.

The communication between subterranean and aboveground insects has only been studied in a few cases. It is still not clear how widespread this phenomenon is. But scientists are looking into it. This research was carried out at the Netherlands Institute for Ecology (NIOO-KNAW) by Roxina Soler, Jeffrey Harvey, Martijn Bezemer, Wim van der Putten and Louise Vet. The PhD project, in which this study was carried out, was funded by the Free Competition of NWO Earth and Life Sciences.

51. After finding a plant occupied by subterranean insects, aboveground insects usually ____.

A. send out warning signals             B. choose to give up the plant

C. compete for the plant                D. share it with the subterranean insects

52. Aboveground insects will develop more quickly if they ____.

A. feed on plants occupied by subterranean insects

B. feed on plants not occupied by subterranean insects

C. become cleverer through natural selection

D. compete with subterranean insects

53. Subterranean insects communicate with a third party through ____.

A. caterpillars     B. parasitic wasps    C. wasps’ eggs     D. a plant’s leaves

54. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. Other animals may communicate in the same way.

B. There will be further research into this phenomenon.

C. Part of the study is a PhD project.

D. The Free Completion of NWO Earth and Life Sciences has the patent for these results.

55. What would be the best title for this passage?

A. Insects use plants as a telephone.         B. Insects live in harmony with each other.

C. No species can live alone.               D. Plants and animals have an effect on each other.

查看答案和解析>>

Science Daily (Apr 27, 2008) — Dutch ecologist Roxina Soler and her colleagues have discovered that subterranean (地下的) and aboveground herbivorous (食草的) insects can communicate with each other by using plants as telephones. Subterranean insects issue chemical warning signals through the leaves of the plant. This way, aboveground insects are warned that the plant is already “occupied”.

Aboveground, leaf-eating insects prefer plants that have not yet been occupied by subterranean root-eating insects. Subterranean insects send out chemical signals through the leaves of the plant, which warn the aboveground insects about their presence. This messaging makes it possible for spatially-separated insects to avoid each other, so that they do not compete for the same plant.

In recent years it has been discovered that different types of aboveground insects develop slowly if they feed on plants that also have subterranean residents and vice versa (反之亦然). It seems that a system has developed through natural selection, which helps the subterranean and aboveground insects to notice each other. This avoids unnecessary competition.

Through the “green telephone lines”, subterranean insects can also communicate with a third party, namely the natural enemy of caterpillars (毛虫). Parasitic wasps (寄生的黄蜂) lay their eggs inside aboveground insects. The wasps also benefit from the signals sent by the leaves, as these help them find more insects for their eggs.

The communication between subterranean and aboveground insects has only been studied in a few cases. It is still not clear how widespread this phenomenon is. But scientists are looking into it. This research was carried out at the Netherlands Institute for Ecology (NIOO-KNAW) by Roxina Soler, Jeffrey Harvey, Martijn Bezemer, Wim van der Putten and Louise Vet. The PhD project, in which this study was carried out, was funded by the Free Competition of NWO Earth and Life Sciences.

51. After finding a plant occupied by subterranean insects, aboveground insects usually ____.

A. send out warning signals             B. choose to give up the plant

C. compete for the plant                D. share it with the subterranean insects

52. Aboveground insects will develop more quickly if they ____.

A. feed on plants occupied by subterranean insects

B. feed on plants not occupied by subterranean insects

C. become cleverer through natural selection

D. compete with subterranean insects

53. Subterranean insects communicate with a third party through ____.

A. caterpillars     B. parasitic wasps    C. wasps’ eggs     D. a plant’s leaves

54. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. Other animals may communicate in the same way.

B. There will be further research into this phenomenon.

C. Part of the study is a PhD project.

D. The Free Completion of NWO Earth and Life Sciences has the patent for these results.

55. What would be the best title for this passage?

A. Insects use plants as a telephone.         B. Insects live in harmony with each other.

C. No species can live alone.               D. Plants and animals have an effect on each other.

查看答案和解析>>

阅读理解。
     Science Daily (Apr. 27, 2008)-- Dutch ecologist Roxina Soler and her colleagues have
discovered that subterranean (地下的) and aboveground herbivorous (食草的) insects can
communicate with each other by using plants as telephones.  Subterranean insects issue chemical
warning signals through the leaves of the plant. This way, aboveground insects are warned that the
plant is already "occupied".
     Aboveground, leaf-eating insects prefer plants that have not yet been occupied by subterranean
root-eating insects. Subterranean insects send out chemical signals through the leaves of the plant,
which warn the aboveground insects about their presence. This messaging makes it possible for
spatially-separated insects to avoid each other, so that they do not compete for, the same plant.
     In recent years it has been discovered that different types of aboveground insects develop slowly
if they feed on plants that also have subterranean insects and 'vice versa (反之亦然). It seems that a
mechanism (机制) has developed through natural selection,  which helps the subterranean and
aboveground insects to communicate with each other. This avoids unnecessary competition.
      Through the "green telephone lines", subterranean insects can also communicate with a third party,
namely the natural enemy of caterpillars (毛虫). Parasitic wasps (寄生蜂) lay their eggs inside above
ground insects. The wasps also benefit from the signals sent by the leaves, as these help them find more
insects for their eggs.
     The communication between subterranean and above- ground insects has only been studied in a
few systems. It is still not clear how widespread this phenomenon is, say the researchers.
1. How do subterranean and aboveground insects communicate with each other?
A. By sending signals through the leaves.    
B. By giving off particular smells.
C. By making soft and beautiful sounds.    
D. By the signals sent by parasitic wasps.
2. After finding a plant occupied by root-eating insects, aboveground insects will usually ________.  
A. send out warning signals        
B. choose to leave the plant
C. compete for the same plant      
D. fight with the root-eating insects
3. Aboveground insects will develop more quickly if their food plants ________.   
A. are often visited by parasitic wasps    
B. are not occupied by mot-eating insects
C. have more green leaves            
D. have more subterranean insects
4. What does the underlined part "a third party' in Paragraph 4 include?  

A. Aboveground insects.  
B. Root-eating insects.
C. Caterpillars.        
D. Parasitic wasps.

5. What would be the best title for the passage?   
A. Communication between different insects
B. How do animals avoid competition?
C. Insects use plants as telephones
D. When plants have subterranean residents

查看答案和解析>>

第四节: 阅读理解(共20小题,每小题2分,满分40分)

       阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

A

Science Daily -------- Dutch ecologist Roxina Soler and her colleagues have discovered that subterranean(地下的)and above ground herbivorous(食草的)insects can communicate with each other by using plants as telephones. Subterranean insects issue chemical warning signals through the leaves of the plant. Thus, aboveground insects are warned that the plant is already “ occupied”.

                     In recent years it has been discovered that different types of aboveground insects develop slowly if they feed on plants that also have subterranean residents and vice versa(反之亦然). It seems that a system has developed through natural selection, which helps the subterranean and aboveground insects to communicate with each other. This avoids unnecessary competition.

       Through the “green telephone lines”, subterranean insects can also communicate with a third party, namely caterpillars(毛虫). Parasitic wasps(寄生的黄蜂)lay their eggs inside aboveground insects. The wasps also benefit from the signals sent by the leaves, The communication between subterranean and aboveground It is still not clear how widespread this phenomenon is.

       This research was carried out at the Netherlands Institute for Ecology by Roxina Soler, Jeffrey Harvey, Martijn Bezemer, Wim van der Putten and Louise Vet. was funded by the Free Competition of NOW Earth and Life Sciences.

41. After finding a plant occupied by root-eating insects, aboveground insects will usually ________.

       A. send out warning signals

       B. choose to leave the plant

       C. fight with the root-eating insects

       D. compete with them for the same plant

42. Aboveground insects will develop more quickly if their food plants _______.

       A. have more green leaves

       B. get more water and sunlight

       C. are often visited by parasitic wasps

       D. are not occupied by root-eating insects

43. The underlined part “a third party” in Paragraph 4 refers to ______.

       A. caterpillars               B. root-eating insects    

       C. parasitic wasps          D. aboveground insects

44. What is the best title for the passage ?

       A. Insects use plants as “telephones”

       B. How do animals avoid competition

       C. The living habit of different insects

       D. Communication between different insects

查看答案和解析>>


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