完形填空

　　Long before man learned   1to build houses, he looked for caves   2　　 , just as the   3  did. He found he could live up into trees   4  live in the　　 animals’ caves. The first cabins or homes built by man   5  very simple. For his　　 building materials, he used   6  he could find easily around him: stones, tree　　 branches, dry grasses, animal skins. It was a long time,   7  before man began to　　 build permanent (永久的) houses   8  ,　　 until man learned to farm, he lived   9  .

　　House in many cities   10  wood. However, because the houses were　　 very   11  together, fire could easily spread from one house to   12  . There were　　 very, very big fires in some cities, such as the great fire of London in 1666. When people　　 there   13  their city, they used stones and bricks for walls   14  wood.

　　In the world today, there are still   15  people living in some　　 cities, where there is much difficulty in finding a place for a home, and even if one does　　 find a place, it is often too small.

阅读下列短文, 从所给的四个选项中, 选出最佳答案。　　 　　

    This was a cloudy day, and hunger waked him again. He was very　　 weak. It was no uncommon thing now for him to fall. Once he fell into　　 a bird's nest (巢). There were four tiny birds, a day or so old, no　　 more than a mouthful. He ate them greedily (贪婪地), putting them　　 alive into his mouth and crushing them like eggshells (蛋壳) between　　 his teeth. The mother bird flew about him with cries of anger. He used　　 his gun as a stick with which to hit her, but she flew beyond his　　 reach. He threw stones at her and by chance, one broke a wing. Then　　 she ran away, dragging the broken wing, with him following her.

　　     He tired the mother bird; but he tired himself also. She lay on　　 her side breathing heavily. He lay on his side, a dozen feet away,　　 unable to move toward her. And as he recovered, she recovered. She　　 flew beyond reach as his hungry hand stretched out to catch her. The　　 hunt started again.　　

(1)   The man kept falling because of __________.

[    ]

A. the cloudy weather　　B. being woken with hunger 　　   

C. weakness　　　　　　  D. the wounded bird 　　

(2)  The four baby birds ____________.

[    ]

A. were about a day old 　　   

B. were fed on eggs 　　   

C. were crushed when the man fell into the nest 　　   

D. added up to no more than a mouthful 　　

(3)   The mother bird cried angrily because the man _____.

[    ]

A. wanted to catch her 　　   

B. had broken her wing 　　   

C. attacked her with his gun as a stick 　　   

D. was eating her babies alive 　　

(4)  The man wounded the mother bird in the wing _______.

[    ]

A. with his gun as a stick 　　   

B. with a stone by chance 　　   

C. because the mother bird was very tired 　　   

D. because the stone was right for him to attack her 　　

(5)  The man could not catch the mother bird and the mother bird could not escape easily, because ___________.　　   

[    ]

A. the hunt made both of them tired out 　　   

B. they both lay on their sides 　　  

C. they recovered almost at the same time 　　   

D. the man was hungry and the bird was wounded

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
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The winter holiday is coming, which made me excited. I have been looking forward at relaxing myself. I’d like to go skating, climb mountains and see several movie. I think I can play the basketball with my classmates. How a wonderful time I’ll have during the winter holiday! However, my parents think different. They don’t want me go out. They are afraid I’ll be knocked down by a truck, fallen off a tree, or fight with others. Besides, they are afraid I will lose my way. I hate being treated like a bird keeping in a cage. To get more freedom, so I will try to persuade them.
We hope to know much about you and let's keep in close touch．

Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. To this end, we walk the dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the country. The most popular free time activity in Britain is going for a walk. And when joggers (慢跑者) jog, they don’t run the streets. Every one of them automatically heads to the park or the river. It is my firm belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not.

But despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived (丧失). I spent my boyhood climbing trees. These days, children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and strange new ideas about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found.

The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the US: families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD (多动症). Those whose housing had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.

A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playground. A US study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment, the entire school would do better in studies.

Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment. In playgrounds, children create a hierarchy (等级) based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead. But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity.

Most bullying (恃强凌弱) is found in schools where there is a tarmac (柏油碎石) playground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore. This reminds me unpleasantly of Sunnyhill School, with its hard tarmac, where I used to hang about in corners dreaming about wildlife.

But children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage. So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves: not to their bodies but to their souls.

One of the great problems of modern childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs. Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places.

The life of old people is much better when they have access to nature. The most important for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality.

In wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundings improve all kinds of things. Even problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natural world.

Dr William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, states in his study, “A natural environment can reduce violent behaviour because its process helps reduce anger and behavior that people might regret later.” Wild places need encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their contribution.

We tend to think human beings are doing nature some kind of favor when we are protecting nature. The error here is far too deep: not only do humans need nature for themselves, but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is damaging.

Human beings are a species of animals. For seven million years we lived on the planet as part of nature. So we miss the natural world and long for contact with non-human life. Anyone who has patted a dog, stroked a cat, sat under a tree with a glass of beer, given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the park on a nice day, understands that.

We need the wild world. It is necessary to our well-being, our health, our happiness. Without other living things around us we are less than human.

1.What is the author’s firm belief?

　　A. People seek nature in different ways.

　　B. People should spend most of their lives in the wild.

　　C. People have quite different ideas of nature.

　　D. People must make more efforts to study nature.

2.What does the author say people prefer for their children nowadays?

　　A. Personal freedom.　　            B. Things that are natural.

　　C. Urban surroundings.　　          D. Things that are purchased.

3.What does a study in Sweden show?

　　A. The natural environment can help children learn better.

　　B. More access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill.

　　C. A good playground helps kids develop their physical abilities.

　　D. Natural views can prevent children from developing ADHD.

4.Children who have chances to explore natural areas ________.

　  A. tend to develop a strong love for science　    

B. are more likely to dream about wildlife

　  C. tend to be physically tougher in adulthood　   

D. are less likely to be involved in bullying

5.What does the author suggest we do to help children with ADHD?

　　A. Find more effective drugs for them.　　   

B. Provide more green spaces for them.

　　C. Place them under more personal care.　　

D. Engage them in more meaningful activities

6. In what way do elderly people benefit from their contact with nature?

　　A. They look on life optimistically.　　    B. They enjoy a life of better quality.

C. They are able to live longer.            D. They become good-humored