How to eat healthfully can be especially complex for working women who often have neither the desire nor the time to cook for themselves (or for anyone else). Registered dietitian(营养专家)Barhara Morrissey suggests that a few simple rules can help.

“Go for nutrient dense foods，” she suggests, “foods that contain a multiple of nutrients. For example, select whole wheat bread as a breakfast food, rather than coffee cake. Or drink orange juice rather than orange drink, which contains only a small percentage of real juice —the rest is largely coloured sugar water. You just can't compare the value of these foods, the nutrient dense ones are so superior，” she emphasizes.

Morrissey believes that variety is not only the spice of life—it's the foundation of a healthful diet. Diets which are based on one or two foods are not only virtually impossible to keep up the strength, they can be very harmful, she says, because nutrients aren't supplied in sufficient amounts or balance.

According to Morrissey, trying to find a diet that can cure your illnesses, or making you superwoman is a_fruitless_search. As women, many of us are too concerned with staying thin, she says, and we believe that vitamins are some kind of magic cure to replace food.

“We need carbohydrates, protein and fat — they are like the wood in the fireplace. The vitamins and minerals are like the match, the spark, for the fuel，” she explains. “We need them all, but in a very different proportions. And if the fuel isn't there, the spark is useless.”

6. From the paragraph we know that working women________.

A. think cooking is especially complicated

B. do not share the same views with registered dietitians

C. are busy and not interested in cooking

D. are likely to eat healthfully

7．Orange juice is different from orange drink in that ________.

A. it contains only a small percentage of real juice

B. it is natural, nutritious and prepared from real oranges

C. it is largely orange－colored sugar water

D. it produces nothing but calories

8．In Paragraph 4, “a fruitless search” means “________”．

A. an effort with no results

B. a search for a diet without fruits

C. a research on fruitless diet

D. a diet serving as medicine

9．Many women take it for granted, according to passage that ________.

A. a balanced diet can result in being fat

B. staying thin and healthy are both possible

C. lack of variety in diets leads to staying thin

D. vitamins are some kind of substitutions (替代品) for food

10．By “if the fuel isn't there, the spark is useless”， the author means ______.

A. carbohydrates, protein and fat are enough to support a human life

B. vitamins and minerals are virtually of no value

C. carbohydrates, protein and fat are as important as vitamins and minerals

D. without carbohydrates, protein and fat, vitamins and minerals are of no use

Glynis Davis:

I first piled on the pounds when I was in the family way and I couldn’t lose them afterwards. Then I joined a slimming club. My target was 140 pounds and I lost 30 pounds in six months. I felt great and people kept saying how good I looked. But Christmas came and I started to slip back into my old eating habits. I told myself I’d lose the weight at slimming classes in the new year…but it didn’t happen. Instead of losing the pounds, I put them on. I’d lost willpower and tried to believe that the old bag of fish and chips didn’t make any difference but the scales don’t lie.[来源:Z。xx。k.Com]

Roz Jumab:

To be honest, I never weigh myself any more. I’ve learnt to be happy with myself. It seemed to me that I would feel sorry about every spoonful of tasty food that passed my lips. My idea is simple. You shouldn’t be too much thinking about food and dieting. Instead, you should get on with life and stop dreaming of a super thin body. This is obviously the size I’m meant to be and, most of all, I’m happy with it.

Lesley Codwin:

I was very happy at winning Young Slimmer of the year. I’d look into the mirror unable to believe this slim lady was me! That might have been my problem—perhaps from then on I didn’t pay any attention to myself. Winning a national competition makes everything worse, though, because you feel the eyes of the world are fixed upon you. I feel a complete failure because I’ve put on weight again.

Ros Landfod:

Before moving in with my husband Gavin, I’d always been about 110 pounds, but the pleasant housework went straight to my waist and I put on 15 pounds in a year. Every so often I try to go on a diet…I’m really good on a few days, then end up having the children’s leftovers or eating happily chocolate—my weakness. I’d like to be slim, but right now my duty is the children and home. I might take more exercise when my kids are older.?

1．What do you think the four women were all talking about?

A．Their own slimming matter.      B．Their life after marriage.

C．Their work as a housewife.       D．Different diets they prefer.

2．Where are these short passage most likely to be taken from?

A．Talks on the air.       B．Advertisements on the wall.

C．Book in a library.      D．Magazines for housewives.

3．What does the underlined word “scales” possibly mean?

A．The coach in the slimming club.?B．Some tool to measure weight.

C．Glynis Davis’ dear husband.    D．The salesperson in a food shop.?

4．What can we infer from Roz Jumab’s words?

A．Losing weight is a painful process which is unbearable.

B．Being thin can also be harmful.

C．It is necessary to force ourselves to lose weight.

D．We should learn to live comfortably with the way we look.

5．Which of the following best describes each of the four women’s attitudes towards slimming?

1．Glynis Davis    2．Roz Jumab   3．Lesley Codwinc   4．Ros Langfodd

a．I put on weight soon after I got married. b．Fame doesn’t necessarily mean success.

c．Facts speak much louder than words.  d．I like myself as I am, and to be what you are.

A．1- a; 2 – d; 3 – b; 4 – c        B．1 – c; 2 – b; 3 – d; 4 – a

C．1 – c; 2 – d; 3 – b; 4 – a        D．1 – a; 2 – b; 3 – c; 4 –d

 

LONDON: What could possibly be wrong with planting trees? The benefits are obvious; they  firm the soil, soak up (摄取) extra water and take carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) out of the atmosphere.

However, it now turns out that planting trees could add to global warming.

Tree roots do a great job of keeping soil firmly on the ground and out of the wind’s power. The problem is that some of those dust clouds play an important part in taking in carbon dioxide.

Huge dust storms blow out over the oceans from dry parts of North Africa and central Asia. Tons of dust are lifted and left as a thin film over the ocean surface. The dust fuels oceanic life.

Dust from China is carried east and left in the Pacific Ocean. If a tree-planting programme there is successful and the dust supply reduced, the final result may be that less carbon dioxide gets locked away in the ocean.

Andy Ridgwell, an environmental scientist from the University of East Anglia, has spent the past few years studying dust and says his work “shows clearly the complexity of the system and the importance of not tinkering(粗劣地修补) with it without understanding the results. For this reason the need is to focus(集中) on cutting carbon dioxide giving off rather than monkeying (瞎弄) about with the land surface.”

An American scientist, Robert Jackson, has shown that when native grassland areas are invaded(侵入) by trees, carbon is lost from the soil. “We are studying why the soil carbon disappears, but one theory is that trees do a lot more of their growing above ground compared to grasses, so less carbon goes directly into the soil from trees, ” says Jackson.

In wet areas of the world, the gain from trees absorbing carbon dioxide above ground seems to be outweighed(超过) by the loss of carbon from the soil below ground. Countries that plan to combat global warming by planting trees may have to think again.

Solutions to environmental problems are often more complex than they first appear, and understanding the Earth’s climate is a very great challenge.

1.People usually hold the opinion that_____________.

    A. huge dust storms can destroy carbon dioxide

    B. huge dust storms can destroy the oceans on the earth

    C. huge dust storms can’t do anything beneficial for man

    D. planting trees is the only way to control huge dust storms

2. Andy Ridgwell, the environmental scientist, believes that_____________.

    A. dust plays a more important part than trees

    B. trees shouldn’t have been planted in dry places

    C. carbon dioxide is harmful to everything on the earth

    D. environmental problems are more complex than expected

3. Robert Jackson’s experiment proves that_____________.

    A. grassland areas should be covered by forests

    B. trees hold more carbon than grasses

    C. carbon can turn grass into dust

    D. less carbon can make trees grow faster

 

Let us suppose it is now about A．D.2060. Let's make believe it is about sixty years from now. Of course, things have changed and life is very different.

Voyages to the moon are being made every day. It is as easy to take a holiday on the moon today as it was for the people in 1960 to take a holiday in Europe. At a number of scenic spots on the moon, many hotels have been built, the hotels are air－conditioned, naturally. So that everyone can enjoy the beautiful scenery on the moon. Every room has at least one picture window. Everything imaginable is provided for entertainment of young and old.

What are people eating now? People are still eating food. They haven't yet started to take on their supply of energy directly as electrical current or as nuclear power. They may be some day. But many foods now come in pill form, and the food that goes into the pill continues to come mainly from green plants.

Since there are several times as many people in the world today as there were a hundred years ago, most of our planet's surface has to be filled. The deserts are irrigated with water. Crops are no longer destroyed by pests. The harvest is always good.

Farming, of course, is very highly developed. Very few people have to work on the farm. It is possible to run the farm by just pushing a few buttons now and then.

People are now largely vegetarians. You see, as the number of people increased, the number of animals decreased. Therefore, the people have to be vegetarians and we are healthier in both our bodies and our minds, too, and we know the causes and cure of diseases and pain, and it is possible to get rid of disease. No one has to be ill any more.

Such would be our life in 2060.

6. What are the hotels on the moon used for in 2060?

A. Scientific experiments.

B. People who have no houses.

C. Astronauts.

D. Holiday people.

7. Which of the following is WRONG?

A. In the story, the population of the world has increased.

B. Voyages to the moon are being made every day.

C. A great number of people work on the farm.

D. The food comes mainly from green plants.

8. According to the passage, why are people largely vegetarians?

A. Because most people like vegetables better.

B. Because the number of people increased and the number of animals decreased.

C. Because people think meat is unhealthy.

D. Because there are no animals at all.

9. According to the passage, what about the people's health in 2060?

A. Because the people have to be vegetarians, they are very thin.

B. The people have no illness.

C. The doctor don't know how to treat the diseases and pain.

D. The people are less healthier in our bodies than in our minds.

10. When was the passage written?

A. In about A．D. 2060.

B. In about 1960.

C. In about 2000.

D. In about 2004.

 (10·山东D篇)

Batteries can power anything from small sensors to large systems. While scientists are finding ways to make them smaller but even more powerful, problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves. University of Missouri(MU) researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is smaller, lighter and more efficient.

“To provide enough power, we need certain methods with high energy density(密度)”，said Jae Kwon, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at MU. “The radioisotope(放射性同位素) battery can provide power density that is much higher than chemical batteries.”

Kwon and his research team have been working on building a small nuclear battery, presently the size and thickness of a penny, intended to power various micro / nanoelectromechanreal systems (M/NEMS). Although nuclear batteries can cause concerns, Kwon said they are safe.

“People hear the word ‘nuclear’ and think of something very dangerous,” he said, “However, nuclear power sources have already been safely powering a variety of devices, such as pace-makers, space satellites and underwater systems.”

His new idea is not only in the battery’s size, but also in its semiconductor(半导体). Kwon’s battery uses a liquid semiconductor rather than a solid semiconductor.

“The key part of using a radioactive battery is that when you harvest the energy, part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure(晶体结构) of the solid semiconductor,” Kwon said, “By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem.”

Together with J. David Robertson, chemistry professor and associate director of the MU Research Reactor, Kwon is working to build and test the battery. In the future, they hope to increase the battery’s power, shrink its size and try with various other materials. Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair.

71. Which of the following is true of Jae Kwon?

A. He teaches chemistry at MU. 

B. He developed a chemical battery.

C. He is working on a nuclear energy source.

D. He made a breakthrough in computer engineering.

72. Jae Kwon gave examples in Paragraph 4_________.

A. to show chemical batteries are widely applied.

B. to introduce nuclear batteries can be safely used.

C. to describe a nuclear-powered system.

D. to introduce various energy sources.

73. Liquid semiconductor is used to _________.

A. get rid of the radioactive waste  

B. test the power of nuclear batteries.

C. decrease the size of nuclear batteries

D. reduce the damage to lattice structure.

74. According to Jae Kwon, his nuclear battery _______.

A. uses a solid semiconductor       

B. will soon replace the present ones.

C. could be extremely thin          

D. has passed the final test.

75. The text is most probably a ________.

A. science news report        B. book review   

C. newspaper ad          D. science fiction story