A. Goods for auction sales

B. Definition of bidding

C. Way to sell more goods by auction

D. Auction sales in history

E. Brief introduction to auctions

F. Making a larger profit as an auctioneer

61.

Auctions are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He asks the crowd assembled in the auction-room to make offers, or "bids", for the various items on sale. He encourages buyers to bid higher figures,and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the good. This is called "knocking down" the goods, for the bidding ends when the auctioneer strikes a small hammer on a table at which he stands.

62.

The ancient Roman probably invented sales by auction, and the English word comes from the Latin auction, meaning "increase". The Romans usually sold in this way the goods taken in war. In England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, goods were often sold "by the candle", a short candle was lit by the auctioneer, and bids could be made while it stayed alight.

63.

Practically all goods whose qualities vary are sold by auction. Among these are coffee skins, wool, tea, furs, silk and wines. Auction sales are also usual for land and property. Furniture pictures, rare books, old china and similar works of art.

64．

An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars often articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by potential buyers. If the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues are printed, and each group of goods to be sold together called a "lot" is usually given a number. The auctioneer need not begin with LOT I and continue in the order of numbers, he may wait until he notices the fact that certain buyers are in the room and then produce the lots they are likely to be interested in.

65.

The auctioneer's services are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods are sold for. The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding as high as possible. He will not waste time by starting the bidding too low. He will also play on the opponents among his buyers and succeed in getting a high price by encouraging two business competitors to bid against each other.

（注：E 填涂AB　　　　　　　　 F填涂AC　　　　　　 G填涂AD ）

Until last spring, Nia Parker and the other kids in her neighborhood went to school on Bus 59．But as fuel prices rose, the school district needed to find a way to cut its transportation costs. So the school’s busing company redrew its route map, canceling Nia’s bus. Now Nia and her neighbors travel the half mile to school via a “walking school bus”—a group of kids, supervised （监护） by an adult or two, who make the walk together.

Many parents are delighted to see their kids walking to school, partly because many did so themselves. According to a 1979 survey, nearly half of school kids walked or biked to school, compared with only 16 percent in 2011.Modern parents have been unwilling to let kids walk to school for fear of traffic, crime or simple bullying, but with organized adult supervision, those concerns have reduced.

Schools and busing companies are finding other ways to save．In rural areas where busing is a must, some schools have even chosen four-day school weeks. Busing companies instruct drivers to cancel extra stops from routes and to turn off the engine while idling（挂空挡）.They are also using computer software to determine the most fuel-efficient routes, which aren’t always the shortest ones.

There could be disadvantages, however, to the busing cutbacks. If every formerly bused student begins walking to school, it’s an environmental win—but if too many of their parents decide to drive them instead, the overall carbon footprint can grow. Replacing buses with many more parent-driven cars can also increase safety risks. A 2011 report concluded students are 13 times safer on a school bus than in a passenger car, since buses have fewer accidents and withstand(承受) them better due to their size. And some students complain about the long morning hikes, particularly when the route contains a really big hill.

56. In regards to walking to school, modern parents seem much concerned with the _____.

　 A. safety of their kids’　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　 B. kids’ physical strength

　 C. time spent on the way　　　　 　　　　　　　　　 D. changes in the route

57. To save money, some schools choose to _____.

A. shorten the school week B. take the shortest routes

　 C. stop using school buses　　　　　 　　D. use fuel-efficient buses

58. Busing cutbacks may lead to _____.

　 A. fewer complaints about long morning hikes

　 B. more students taking public transportation

　 C. an increase in carbon dioxide emissions

　 D. a decrease in the safety of school buses

三．阅读理解（共25小题，每小题2分，满分50分）

I don’t think there is anything wrong with your blood. The key to your problem is that long nap (打盹，小睡) after dinner.

If you didn’t sleep for hours during the early part of the evening, you would be more ready to sleep at bedtime. If you didn’t nap after dinner, you would not want to stay up so late, and you would not feel the need to take a sleeping pill. The pill is still working in your system when you get up in the morning. This helps account for the fact that you feel tired all day.

You should get out of the habit of sleeping during the evening. Right after your evening meal, engage in some sort of physical activity --- a sport such as bowling, perhaps. Or get together with friends for an evening of cards and conversation. Then go to bed at your usual time or a little earlier, and you should be able to get a good night's rest without taking a pill.

If you can get into the habit of spending your evenings this way, I am sure you will feel less tired during the day. At first it may be hard for you to go to sleep without taking a pill. If so, get up and watch television or do some jobs around your house until you feel sleepy. If you fall asleep and then wake up a few hours later, get up but do not take a sleeping pill. Read a while or listen to the radio, and make yourself a few hours’ sleep that night, you will feel better in the morning than you usually feel after taking a pill. The next night you will be ready to sleep at an earlier hour.

The most important thing is to avoid taking that nap right after dinner and avoid taking pills.

1. According to the writer, it is difficult for you to go to sleep because _____ .

  A. you get the habit of staying up late      B. you haven’t taken sleeping pills

  C. you sleep for hours after dinner         D. you fail to do some exercises

2. Which of the following is NOT true if you want to get out of the habit of sleeping during the evening?

  A. Go to bed earlier than usual.         B. Talk with friends after dinner.

  C. Stay with friends after dinner.    　   D. Do some physical labor.

3. You feel tired all day probably because ______ .

  A. you stay up too late         B. you get up too early in the morning

  C. you take sleeping pills      D. you wake up too frequently at night

4. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

  A. You mustn’t take sleeping pills in order to get a good night’s sleep.

  B. You should stay up if you want to sleep effectively.

  C. Food is necessary at night if you fail to go to sleep.

  D. It is very important to get out of the habit of taking a nap after dinner.

5. We may infer that the author is most probably a _____ .

  A. doctor  　　 B. reporter  　　 C. scientist          D. professor

My First Job

    I was six when I joined my father and two elder brothers at sunrise in the fields of Eufaula, Okla.    1    the time I was eight I was helping Dad fix up old furniture. He gave me a cent for every nail I    2    out of old boards.

    I got my first    3    job, at JM's Restaurant in town, when I was 12. My main responsibilities (职责) were    4    tables and washing dishes,    5    sometimes I helped cook.

    Every day after school I would    6    to JM's and work until ten. Even on Saturdays I  7 from two until eleven. At that age it was difficult going to work and    8    my friends run off to swim or play. I didn't necessarily like work, but I loved what working    9    me to have. Because of my    10    I was always the one buying when my friends and I went to the local Tastee Freez. This made me    11   .

    Word that I was trustworthy and hard-working    12    around town. A local clothing store offered me credit (赊账)    13    I was only in seventh grade. I immediately    14    a $ 68 sports coat and a $ 22 pair of shoes. I was    15    only 65 cents an hour, and I already owed the storekeeper $ 90! So I learned    16    the danger of easy credit. I paid it    17  as soon as I could.

    My first job taught me self-control, responsibility and brought me a    18    of personal satisfaction few of my friends had experienced. As my father,    19    worked three jobs, once told me. “If you    20    sacrifice (奉献) and responsibility, there are not many things in life you can't have.” How right he was.

    1．

A. Before　　　　　　  B. Within

C. From　　　　　　  D. By

    2．

A. pulled　　　　　　  B. put

C. picked　　　　　　  D. pressed

    3．

A. usual　　　　　　  B. real

C. main　　　　　　  D. particular

    4．

A. sweeping　　　　　　  B. packing

C. clearing　　　　　　  D. emptying

    5．

A. or　　　　　　  B. so

C. but　　　　　　  D. even

    6．

A. head　　　　　　  B. turn

C. change　　　　　　  D. move

    7．

A. studied　　　　　　  B. worked

C. played　　　　　　  D. slept

    8．

A. helping　　　　　　  B. having

C. watching　　　　　　  D. letting

    9．

A. asked　　　　　　  B. told

C. promised　　　　　　  D. allowed

    10．

A. study　　　　　　  B. power

C. age　　　　　　  D. job

    11．

A. proud　　　　　　  B. friendly

C. lucky　　　　　　  D. hopeful

    12．

A. ran　　　　　　  B. got

C. flew　　　　　　  D. carried

    13．

A. although　　　　　　  B. while

C. if　　　　　　  D. since

    14．

A. sold　　　　　　  B. borrowed

C. charged　　　　　　  D. wore

    15．

A. keeping　　　　　　  B. making

C. paying　　　　　　  D. taking

    16．

A. gradually　　　　　　  B. greatly

C. hardly　　　　　　  D. early

    17．

A. out　　　　　　  B. over

C. away　　　　　　  D. off

    18．

A. point　　　　　　  B. level

C. part　　　　　　  D. sign

    19．

A. he　　　　　　  B. that

C. who　　　　　　  D. whoever

    20．

A. understand　　　　　　  B. demand

C. offer　　　　　　  D. fear

 

My First Job

    I was six when I joined my father and two elder brothers at sunrise in the fields of Eufaula, Okla.    1    the time I was eight I was helping Dad fix up old furniture. He gave me a cent for every nail I    2    out of old boards.

    I got my first    3    job, at JM's Restaurant in town, when I was 12. My main responsibilities (职责) were    4    tables and washing dishes,    5    sometimes I helped cook.

    Every day after school I would    6    to JM's and work until ten. Even on Saturdays I  7 from two until eleven. At that age it was difficult going to work and    8    my friends run off to swim or play. I didn't necessarily like work, but I loved what working    9    me to have. Because of my    10    I was always the one buying when my friends and I went to the local Tastee Freez. This made me    11   .

    Word that I was trustworthy and hard-working    12    around town. A local clothing store offered me credit (赊账)    13    I was only in seventh grade. I immediately    14    a $ 68 sports coat and a $ 22 pair of shoes. I was    15    only 65 cents an hour, and I already owed the storekeeper $ 90! So I learned    16    the danger of easy credit. I paid it    17  as soon as I could.

    My first job taught me self-control, responsibility and brought me a    18    of personal satisfaction few of my friends had experienced. As my father,    19    worked three jobs, once told me. “If you    20    sacrifice (奉献) and responsibility, there are not many things in life you can't have.” How right he was.

    1．

A. Before　　　　　　  B. Within

C. From　　　　　　  D. By

    2．

A. pulled　　　　　　  B. put

C. picked　　　　　　  D. pressed

    3．

A. usual　　　　　　  B. real

C. main　　　　　　  D. particular

    4．

A. sweeping　　　　　　  B. packing

C. clearing　　　　　　  D. emptying

    5．

A. or　　　　　　  B. so

C. but　　　　　　  D. even

    6．

A. head　　　　　　  B. turn

C. change　　　　　　  D. move

    7．

A. studied　　　　　　  B. worked

C. played　　　　　　  D. slept

    8．

A. helping　　　　　　  B. having

C. watching　　　　　　  D. letting

    9．

A. asked　　　　　　  B. told

C. promised　　　　　　  D. allowed

    10．

A. study　　　　　　  B. power

C. age　　　　　　  D. job

    11．

A. proud　　　　　　  B. friendly

C. lucky　　　　　　  D. hopeful

    12．

A. ran　　　　　　  B. got

C. flew　　　　　　  D. carried

    13．

A. although　　　　　　  B. while

C. if　　　　　　  D. since

    14．

A. sold　　　　　　  B. borrowed

C. charged　　　　　　  D. wore

    15．

A. keeping　　　　　　  B. making

C. paying　　　　　　  D. taking

    16．

A. gradually　　　　　　  B. greatly

C. hardly　　　　　　  D. early

    17．

A. out　　　　　　  B. over

C. away　　　　　　  D. off

    18．

A. point　　　　　　  B. level

C. part　　　　　　  D. sign

    19．

A. he　　　　　　  B. that

C. who　　　　　　  D. whoever

    20．

A. understand　　　　　　  B. demand

C. offer　　　　　　  D. fear