One thing that every dog needs to know how to do is sit. Teaching a dog to sit is probably the easiest trick in the book. Dogs learn to sit by praise. You must first introduce them to what sitting is.

   Gently place your hand over the top part of their bottoms and gently push down. Once you have got them into the sitting position, say “sit”. Now, make sure that they have sat down and give them a treat for praise. Wait a while before doing it again because each time you do it, you will be rewarding them for it.

   Using treats while training your dog to sit will help him or her learn a lot easier. He or she might think, “Okay I get it, so when I sit, I get a treat!” So in the beginning, give your dog a treat every time they sit. At first, when you are training your dog to sit, they will feel puzzled. This is very normal because sitting is new to them. Dogs favor routine(常规), and once sitting becomes a part of their daily routine, it will be something that they truly enjoy doing for their owners when asked.

   Young puppies are often the easiest to train to sit. Sitting is a simple and easy command that can be taught to any dog. Older dogs may learn a bit more slowly, but this is simply because they have got into much more of a routine. Do not think that your older dog cannot learn how to sit. It just takes time.

If you are having a seemingly difficult time teaching your dog to sit, you may need to go to your nearest library and rent a book on your particular dog family. Different dogs have different tempers. What is normal of one dog may not be so true for others. There are many things that will decide whether your dog has an easy time learning how to sit, but most of it will be up to you.

1. The most important thing in training a dog is _____

   A. trick             B. praise                      C. order                       D. treat

2. Young puppies are easier to train to sit because ______.

   A. they are cleverer than older dogs          

B. they haven’t got into much of a routine

   C. they are different from old dogs in temper 

D. they enjoy doing what their owners tell them to

3. We can know from the text that ______.

   A. dogs, whether young or old, can be taught to sit only

   B. dogs will sit when their owners pat them on the head

   C. owners do not play an important part in training dogs to sit

   D. different dogs should be treated differently when taught to sit

4. This text is probably taken from ______.

   A. a travel journal    B. a TV guidance    C. a book about pets    D. a research report

 

He has got a chair to sit _______, but nobody to talk ________.

A．on, to

B．/ , with

C．on, /

D．/ , to

 

Education cuts(削减) have become routine (惯常的) over the past few years, which has made it difficult for students to learn. The results of a survey of 1,850 Los Angeles County high school students show just how much the cuts are affecting students.
Because of teacher layoffs (解雇), class sizes at some high schools have risen to 50 students — even in math and English classes. Some 37 percent of students report that they sometimes don’t have a desk to sit at. Sixty-seven percent say crowded classrooms make them feel the teachers don’t have enough time to teach, and 30 percent say they’ve not been able to join in a program because it’s no longer offered at their school.
At a time when technology is an important skill, 52 percent of students say there aren’t enough computers. Or they’re often broken, and there’s no one to fix them. Fifty-one percent say they’ve had to share textbooks with a classmate because there aren’t enough copies to go around. Fifty-seven percent say they’ve had to copy information because their school doesn’t have enough paper to make copies.
“We have only one science teacher for the entire(整个的) high school,” writes Felix Ruano, a 16-year-old student. He goes on to describe how that teacher, who is only qualified to teach chemistry, is teaching physics — or, at least, is trying to do so. “He shows physics videos and we teach ourselves from our textbook,” says Ruano. And, as has been seen elsewhere, “all but one of the restrooms” at Ruano’s school “have been closed because we don’t have enough people to clean them.”
Ruano notes that though faced with the challenges, 97 percent of students say they plan to go to college. But without “properly trained teachers and the best resources,” says Ruano, it’s not likely that every student will achieve that goal. “Unless schools fix these problems,” he says, “students could lose hope.”
【小题1】According to the text, education cuts have led to the following results EXCEPT that _____.

A．class sizes at some high schools have risen

B．some students don’t have a desk to sit at

C．some students have to share textbooks

D．some students have to leave school

【小题2】The underlined word “qualified” in the fourth paragraph can best be replaced by “_____”.

A．fit

B．willing

C．bored

D．worried

【小题3】According to Ruano, _____.

A．he is good at teaching himself

B．most students plan to go to college

C．his school is going to be closed

D．most students are hopeful about their school

【小题4】What would be the best title for the text?

A．What caused education cuts?	B．Education cuts, right or wrong?
C．Education cuts have hurt students	D．How to deal with education cuts

He was found ________in front of the TV set， ________the football match

A．to sit；to watch	B．seated；watching
C．seating；watching	D．seated；watched

 

My mind seems always to return to the day when I met Carl. The city bus stopped at a corner to pick up the daily commuters (someone who travels regularly to and from work), a group in which I was included. Boarding the bus, I looked for a place to sit. At last, I found a place near the back.

The man in the seat next to the one I was going for was an older man in a grey suit, well-worn dress shoes, and a black hat like I always pictured reporters wearing, but without the little press card. Seated, I began to read the book I had been carrying, which was Jack Kerouac’s On the Road. The man in the seat next to me introduced himself by asking if I had read any other book like the one I was holding. When I told him I had, he seemed to become interested, and so did I. He introduced himself as Carl and asked if I liked jazz, and I told him that I didn’t really listen to it, and that I liked rock and roll. Waiting for Carl to tell me that I should listen to real music, I was shocked when he just smiled and nodded. He said, "You remind me of myself when I was your age. I remember how my parents hated jazz and how they couldn’t see how I could listen to that awful noise. I bet your parents say the same thing, don’t they?" Now it was my turn to smile, amused with how right he was.

As the bus carried us from one side of the city to the other, Carl and I talked about a lot of different things. The more we talked, the more amazed I became at how much the two of us really had in common, despite the age difference. I haven’t seen him since we parted, but the thought of our connection that day rarely leaves my mind.

       Carl really made me think about how much we can learn from each other if we just break through the blocks between us we’ve got. I mean, I would have never thought before that day that I could have anything in common with someone so much older than I. But Carl taught me that no matter what we are, we are all just people, and that we should make an extra effort to try and get to know our neighbors and people we see every day, regardless of age, race, religion, sex, or anything else. If we all take the time to attempt to understand each other, I think that the world would be a much better place that we could share together, as humans.

1.From the first paragraph we know that the author _____________.

A. did not mind whether there was a seat or not

B. hoped to have a seat when getting on the bus

C. thought the bus was overcrowded

D. looked for a seat but failed

2.The author usually imagined a reporter as one who _____________.

A. liked jazz music

B. enjoyed talking with others

C. liked reading Jack Kerouac’s works

D. usually wore a black hat and press card

3. After talking with Carl, the author realized that _____________.

A. older people were nice to talk to

B. he should have known Carl earlier

C. his parents were so different from Carl in listening to music

D. age was not necessarily a problem in heart-to-heart communication

4.It can be inferred from the passage that _________.

A. the author hasn’t seen the old man since then

B. jazz music used to be more popular than rock and roll

C. the author was not satisfied with human relationships in the world

D. Carl made the author realize we humans live in peace and brotherhood