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　　Thirteen vehicles lined up last March to race across the Mojave Desert,seeking a million in prize money．To win,they had to finish the 142-mile race in less than 10 hours．Teams and watchers knew there might be no winner at all,because these vehicles were missing a key part-drivers．

　　DARPA,the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency,organized the race as part of a push to develop robotic vehicles for future battlefields．But the Grand Challenge,as it was called,just proved how difficult it is to get a car to speed across an unfamiliar desert without human guidance．One had its brake lock up in the starting area．Another began by throwing itself onto a wall．Another got tied up by bushes near the road after 1.9 miles．

　　One turned upside down．One took off in entirely the wrong direction and had to be disabled by remote（远距离的）control．One went a little more than a mile and rushed into a fence;another managed to go for six miles but stuck on a rock．The “winner．”if there was any,reached 7.8 miles before it ran into a long,narrow hole,and the front wheels caught on fire．

　　“You get a lot of respect for natural abilities of the living things．”says Reinhold Behringer,who helped design two of the car-size vehicles for a company called Sci-Autonics．“Even ants（蚂蚁）can do all these tasks effortlessly．It's very hard for us to put these abilities into our machines．”

　　The robotic vehicles,though with necessary modern equipment such as advanced computers and GPS guidance,had trouble figuring out fast enough the blocks ahead that a two-year-old human recognizes immediately．Sure,that very young child,who has just only learned to walk,may not think to wipe apple juice off her face,but she already knows that when there's a cookie in the kitchen she has to climb up the table,and that when she gets to the cookie it will taste good．She is more advanced,even months old,than any machine humans have designed．

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　　On the day Apple debuted the often-delayed white-colored iPhone 4, the company's marketing department gave a nod to the product's troubled history．

　　"Finally．" read the big headline Thursday above a picture of the white phone on the homepage of Apple．com．

　　The white model was supposed to ship alongside the black one at the iPhone 4's launch(推出)last June．But design and manufacturing complications delayed the process by 10 months, catching Apple off guard, executives say．

　　As CNN reported last month, earlier test models of the white iPhone 4 produced unclear photos, especially when the flash(闪光灯)was used．Its whiteness confused the proximity sensor(距离传感器), which detects when the phone is held next to someone's head and turns off the touch screen to save battery life．

　　These problems weren't present in older iPhones that came in white because they didn't have flash photography; the proximity sensor was unaffected because the front side of previous models was black．

　　"We thought we were there a year ago, or less than that, when we launched the iPhone 4, and we weren't," Philip Schiller, Apple's chief marketing executive, said in an interview．"It's not as simple as making something white．There's a lot more that goes into both the material science of it－how it holds up over time…but also in how it all works with the sensors．"

　　Ticonderoga Securities analyst Brian White predicts that the white model could help drive sales of Apple's phones．He says Apple could sell 1 million to 1．5 million every three months until the next iPhone model is unveiled, which is expected to be this fall．

　　Forty-five people were lined up at Apple's flagship New York store Thursday morning to buy white iPhones, according to a CNN Money report．

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