Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and moved to New York City when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. After writing many letters asking for admission(录取) to medical schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. She was so determined that she taught school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of schooling.
In 1849, after graduation from medical school. she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon(外科医师) , but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea.
Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children. Besides being the first woman physician and founding her own hospital , she also set up the first medical school for women.
【小题1】What main obstacle(障碍) almost destroyed Elizabeth’s chances for becoming for a doctor?

As late as 1800, women’s only place was in the home. The idea of woman in the business world was unthinkable. Men were certain that no woman could do a good job outside her home. This was such a widely accepted idea that when the well-known Bronte sisters began writing books in 1864, they had to sign their books with men’s names instead.

Teaching was the first profession open to women soon after 1800. But even that was not an easy profession for women to enter because most schools and colleges were open only to men. Oberlin College in Ohio was the first college in America to accept women.

Hospital nursing became respectable work for women only after Nightingale became famous. Seeing that she was not only a nurse but also a rich and well-educated woman, people began to believe it was possible for women to nurse the sick and still be “ladies”. Miss Nightingale opened England’s first training school for nurse in 1860.

The invention of the typewriter in 1867 helped to bring women out of the home and into the business world. By 1900, thousands of women were working at real jobs in schools, hospitals and offices in both England and America. Some women even managed to become doctors or lawyers. The idea that women could work in the business world had been accepted.

1. Why couldn’t women become teachers easily? Because___________

2.The article is mainly about __________.

3.Which fact does the article lead you to believe?

　　Elijah McCoy（1843～1929）, a mechanical engineer, worked with locomotives and parts of locomotives. He invented a self-lubricating（自动加油）machine. The machine makes it possible for machines to lubricate themselves—to put oil on themselves, that is.

　　McCoy, a black man who was the son of slaves, called his first lubricating machine a“lubricator cup”. The cup allowed small drops of oil to drip continuously onto the moving parts, keeping the machine in good running order.

　　As slaves, McCoy’s parents lived in Kentucky. They fled from the United States and settled in Canada. Elijah was born in Colchester, Ontario, Canada, in 184(3) McCoy’s father worked hard in Canada. With pride, he sent Elijah to Edinburgh, Scotland. The boy was then fifteen years old. Elijah McCoy attended a school of engineering in Edinburgh. He studied mechanical engineering. Upon completing his studies, McCoy returned to the United States. No one wanted to hire a black man as a mechanical engineer. Finally McCoy took a job as a fireman for the Michigan Central Railroad.

　　McCoy shoveled（铲）coal and oiled the moving parts of the locomotive. This was a hard job for a mechanical engineer! But McCoy gave some thoughts to his work. Suddenly he had an idea. Why couldn’t a train oil itself? McCoy then invented the self-lubricating machine.

　　Perhaps you have heard the expression“the real McCoy”. The expression is applied（应用）to high quality tools and machines. Railroad men who used the self-lubricating machine boasted（自夸）of having“the real McCoy”.

(1) McCoy’s first invention was ________.

[　　]

A．a machine used to make other machines lubricate themselves

B．some cups which could put oil on themselves

C．a kind of cup used to drop oil to itself

D．a machine which dripped continuously and always kept in good running order

(2) McCoy ________ and returned to the US after completing his study of engineering.

[　　]

A．left the US with his parents when he was 15

B．left Canada for Scotland in 1858

C．fled from the US and came to Canada in 1843

D．with his parents came to Scotland when he was a slave in the US

(3) McCoy was a famous American ________ who invented a self-lubricating machine

[　　]

A．son of slaves

B．fireman

C．mechanical engineer

D．real McCoy

(4) It was unfair that ________.

[　　]

A．a black man took a job as a fireman

B．a train couldn’t oil itself

C．“the real McCoy”was applied to tools and machines

D．an engineer should be offered a job of shoveling coal and oiling machines

(5) McCoy not only invented a lubrication machine, he also ________.

[　　]

A．was“the real McCoy”

B．added a phrase to the English language

C．invented many other lubricating machines

D．could make trains keep in good running order

Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and moved to New York City when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. After writing many letters asking for admission(录取) to medical schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. She was so determined that she taught in school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of schooling.
In 1849, after graduation from medical school. she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon(外科医师) , but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea.
Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children.  Besides being the first woman physician and founding her own hospital, she also set up the first medical school for women.
【小题1】Why couldn’t Elizabeth Blackwell realize her dream of becoming a surgeon?

假如英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，要求你在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（＾）, 并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2、只允许修改十处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。
When I was an elementary school student aging ten, I took part in a singing competition in our city. It was my first time to be in a singing competition. In the day of the competition, I was asked to enter into a studio room, which there was only one person and a piano. The man asked me  sing in front of the microphone, following his piano playing. My mother was waiting for me outside the studio. I thought that I sang better at the time. So when I finished and walked out the studio, my mother asked, “What happened to your voices? Why couldn’t we hear you?” Then, I realized that I forget to switch on the microphone.