The art of reading fiction is largely a matter of inferring meanings. To infer means to understand facts which are not directly stated---only suggested. Inference is one of the commonest ways of knowing things: a child holds his knee and cries; this action implies his feeling; an observer infers that the child is hurt. To infer accurately in everyday life requires caution in observing; to infer skillfully in fiction requires caution in reading; both require disciplined imagination.
The short-story reader can expect to find certain basic elements in any story. For example, all stories involve a person or persons, in a particular setting, faced with a demand for a response. The response called for may be a physical action, such as defeating an adversary(对手) or escaping from a danger; or it may be a mental action, such as adjusting to others or within oneself. In either case, the short story is a description in two ways: first, it shows the motives for a given human action; second, it makes a point about the general human situation. Such descriptions, however, rather than being stated directly, usually are implied by the elements of the story.
When the reader of a story understands all the facts and their interrelationships, he is ready to infer the significance of the story as a whole---its comment on the human situation. This comment, or theme, is the seed from which the story grew. It is also the idea by which all the separate elements of the story are governed, while these in turn further shape and modify the theme. In addition to action, character, and setting, these elements include structure, mood, tone, and point of view.
Fiction reading requires an awareness of all the ways in which a story communicates. It also requires attention to detail. What the author provides is a network of points which serve as clues to his meaning. He invites the reader to develop the meaning by inference, actually to create much of the story himself and so make it part of his own experience.
【小题1】According to the author, "infer" means ________ .

The art of reading fiction is largely a matter of inferring meanings. To infer means to understand facts which are not directly stated---only suggested. Inference is one of the commonest ways of knowing things: a child holds his knee and cries; this action implies his feeling; an observer infers that the child is hurt. To infer accurately in everyday life requires caution in observing; to infer skillfully in fiction requires caution in reading; both require disciplined imagination.

The short-story reader can expect to find certain basic elements in any story. For example, all stories involve a person or persons, in a particular setting, faced with a demand for a response. The response called for may be a physical action, such as defeating an adversary(对手) or escaping from a danger; or it may be a mental action, such as adjusting to others or within oneself. In either case, the short story is a description in two ways: first, it shows the motives for a given human action; second, it makes a point about the general human situation. Such descriptions, however, rather than being stated directly, usually are implied by the elements of the story.

When the reader of a story understands all the facts and their interrelationships, he is ready to infer the significance of the story as a whole---its comment on the human situation. This comment, or theme, is the seed from which the story grew. It is also the idea by which all the separate elements of the story are governed, while these in turn further shape and modify the theme. In addition to action, character, and setting, these elements include structure, mood, tone, and point of view.

Fiction reading requires an awareness of all the ways in which a story communicates. It also requires attention to detail. What the author provides is a network of points which serve as clues to his meaning. He invites the reader to develop the meaning by inference, actually to create much of the story himself and so make it part of his own experience.

1.According to the author, "infer" means ________ .

A．knowingfactsbeyondthestatement

B．lookingformoreevidencesforthestatement

C．findingoutadifferentmeaningfromthestatement

D．addingsomefactstothestatement

2.What is inferring in fiction based on?

A．Readers’guessing.                     B．Thebasicelementsofthestory.

C．Thesettingofthestory.                    D．Theinterrelationshipsbetweenpeopleinthestory.

3.What is the implied meaning of the last sentence?

A．Inferringcanreallyhelpthereaderdevelopimaginationandenrichhimself.

B．Inferringcanhelpthereaderwriteastoryofhisown.

C．Thereadershouldlookforanexperiencedescribedinthestoryhereads.

D．Theexperiencedescribedinthestorywillleaveagreatimpactonitsreader.

4.What is the main idea of this passage?

A．Inferringisanartofwriting.                  B．Inferringisaneedinfictionwriting

C．Inferringisthebasicskillinreadingfiction.       D．Inferringiscommoninreading.

　　As my train was delayed for two hours, I had plenty of time to spare. After buying some magazines to read on the journey, I gave my wife a long-distance call. Then I 1 my way to the luggage office to collect my heavy suitcase. I had left it there three days before. There were only a few people 2 , and I took out my 3 to find the receipt 4 my case. The receipt seemed not where I had placed it. No matter how 5 I searched, the receipt was nowhere to be found.

　　When my 6 came, I 7 the situation sorrowfully to the assistant. The man looked at me 8 as if to say that he had 9 this kind of story many times and asked me to tell him 10 my case was like. I told him it was an old brown-looking object, not different 11 the many cases I could see in his office. The assistant then told me to 12 a list of what was 13 in the case. If they were 14 , he said, I could take the case away. I tried to remember all the things I had hurriedly put into the case and 15 them down as they came to me.

　　After I had done this, I went to 16 round the office. There were hundreds of 17 there. For one 18 moment, it came to my mind that if someone had picked the receipt he could have easily taken the case already. This had not happened fortunately, for I found the case 19 in the corner. After 20 the things inside, the assistant was satisfied that it was mine, and told me I could take the case away.

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　As my train was delayed for two hours, I had plenty of time to spare．After buying some magazines to read on the journey, I gave my wife a long-distance call．Then I 　1　 my way to the luggage office（行李房）to collect my heavy suitcase（皮箱）．I had 　2　　　it there three days before．There were only a few people　　　3　　　, and I took out my 　4　　 　to find the receipt （收据） 　5　　 　my case．

　The receipt seemed not where I had 　6　　　it ．No matter how　　 　7　　 　I searched, the receipt was nowhere to be found．

　When my 　8 　came, I 　9 　the situation sorrowfully 　10　　 　the assistant． The man looked at me 　11 　as if to say that he had 　12 　this kind of story many times and asked me to tell him 　13 　my case was like．I told him it was an old brown-looking object nodifferent 　14 　the many cases I could see in his office．The assistant then told me to 　15 　a list of what was 　16 　in the case． If they were 　17 　, he said, I could 　18 　the case away． I tried to remember all the things I had hurriedly 　19 　into the case and 　20 　them down as they came to me．

　After I had done this, I went to 　21 　round the office．There were hundreds of 　22 　there．For one 　23 　moment, it came to my mind that if someone had picked the receipt he could have easily taken the case already．This had not happened fortunately, for I found the case 　24 　in the corner． After 　25 　the things inside, the assistant was satisfied that it was mine, and told me I could take the case away．

第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When Janet, a grade two student at a well-known school, was pestered(纠缠) by her classmates to join their group to steal from shops, she was shocked. She was a quiet, well-behaved girl and she did not understand why the girls had approached her.
They showed her some of the things they had stolen and said that shop theft was great fun and very exciting. Then they threatened to beat Janet if she did not join them.
Janet was deeply troubled. She did her best to avoid the group of the girls after class­es, but they often waited for her outside the school and tried to persuade her to come with them.
This problem is one which many school students in Hong Kong face. We asked the chairman of the local-fight-crime committee what Janet should do in these cases.
“First of all, she could try to talk the other girls out of the whole thing. Being caught stealing from shops could ruin their futures and it is simply not worth the risk,” he said.
“Young people may think that it is easy to get away with stealing from shops, but more and more stores now have plain clothes detectives who are dressed like customers. I would say shop thieves have a more than ninety percent chance of being caught.”
“If they won’t listen to her, Janet should go to someone in charge in school, who can then decide if the matter can be dealt with by her or whether it is necessary to report the incident to the police.”
56. From the first three paragraphs we can learn that ____________.
A. Janet didn’t know what to do with the case
B. Janet faced the group bravely
C. the group stole a lot of things
D. the group were short of money
57. The underlined part “talk the other girls out of the whole thing” means ____________.
A. discuss the possible result with them
B. tell them about their futures
C. persuade them to stop theft
D. warn them not to disturb her
58. One of the suggestions to Janet is to ____________.
A. report the situation to the police
B. ask the local-fight-crime committee for advice
C. hire a detective to catch them
D. turn to her teacher for help