Which sport costs the most _____ training facilities, players’ personal equipment and uniforms?

A. in terms of      B. in place of      C. by way of         D. by means of

 

The common cold is the world’s most widespread illness, which is plagues(疫病) that flesh receives.

The most widespread fallacy(谬误) of all is that colds caused by cold. They are not. They are caused by viruses(病毒) passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in isolated arctic regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.

During the First World War soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches(战壕), cold and wet, showed no increased tendency to catch colds.

In the Second World War prisoners at the notorious Auschwitz concentration camp(奥斯维辛集中营), naked and starving, were astonished to find that they seldom had colds. At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in Experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in drafty room. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.

If, then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter？Despite the most pains-taking research, no one has yet found the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.

No one has yet found a cure for the cold. There are drugs and pain suppressors(止痛片) such as aspirin, but all they do is relieve the symptoms(症状).

51. The writer offered _______ examples to support his argument.

A. 4        B. 5        C. 6        D. 3

52. Which of the following does not agree with the chosen passage?

A. The Eskimos do not suffer from colds all the time.

B. Colds are not caused by cold.

C. People suffer from colds just because they like to stay indoors.

D. A person may catch a cold by touching someone who already has one.

53. Arctic explorers may catch colds when _______.

A. they are working in the isolated arctic regions

B. they are writing reports in terribly cold weather

C. they are free from work in the isolated arctic regions

D. they are coming into touch again with the outside world

54. Volunteers taking part in the experiments in the Common Cold Research Unit _______.

A. suffered a lot               B. never caught colds

C. often caught colds           D. became very strong

55. The passage mainly discusses _______.

A. the experiments on the common cold

B. the fallacy about the common cold

C. the reason and the way people catch colds

D. the continued spread of common colds

President Coolidge’s statement, “The business of America is business,” still points to an important truth today — that business institutions have more prestige (威望) in American society than any other kind of organization, including the government. Why do business institutions possess this great prestige?

One reason is that Americans view business as being more firmly based on the ideal of competition than other institutions in society. Since competition is seen as the major source of progress and prosperity by most Americans, competitive business institutions are respected. Competition is not only good in itself, it is the means by which other basic American values such as individual freedom, equality of opportunity, and hard work are protected.

Competition protects the freedom of the individual by ensuring that there is no monopoly (垄断) of power. In contrast to one all-powerful government, many businesses compete against each other for profits. Theoretically, if one business tries to take unfair advantage of its customers, it will lose to competing business which treats its customers more fairly. Where many businesses compete for the customers’ dollar, they cannot afford to treat them like inferiors or slaves.

A contrast is often made between business, which is competitive, and government, which is a monopoly. Because business is competitive, many Americans believe that it is more supportive of freedom than government, even though government leaders are elected by the people and business leaders are not. Many Americans believe, then, that competition is as important, or even more important, than democracy in preserving freedom.

Competition in business is also believed to strengthen the ideal of equality of opportunity. Competition is seen as an open and fair race where success goes to the swiftest person regardless of his or her social class background. Competitive success is commonly seen as the American alternative to social rank based on family background. Business is therefore viewed as an expression of the idea of equality of opportunity rather than the aristocratic (贵族的) idea of inherited privilege.

1. The statement “The business of America is business” probably means______.

A. America is a great power in world business

B. Business is of primary concern to Americans

C. The business institutions in America are concerned with commerce

D. Business problems are of great importance to the American government

2. Americans believe that they can realize their personal values only ______.

A. by protecting their individual freedom                        

B. when given equality of opportunity

C. by way of competition                                               

D. through doing business

3. Who can benefit from business competition?

A. People with ideals of equality and freedom.   

B. Both business institutions and government.

C. Honest businessmen.                             

D. Both businessmen and their customers.

4. Government is believed to differ strikingly from business in that government is characterized by ______.

A. its role in protecting basic American values                  

B. its absolute control of power

C. its democratic way of exercising leadership

D. its function in preserving personal freedom

5. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes ______.

A. in many countries success often depends on one’s social status

B. businesses in other countries are not as competitive as those in America

C. American businesses are more democratic than those in other countries

D. Americans are more ambitious than people in other countries

 

完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

A little boy invited his mother to attend his school’s first teacher-parent meeting. To the little boy’s  1  ,she said she would go. This  2  be the first time that his classmates and teacher  3   his mother and he felt 4  of her appearance. Although she was a beautiful woman, there was a severe scar(疤痕)that 5  nearly the entire right side of her face. The boy never wanted to  6  why or how she got the scar.

At the meeting, the people were 7  by the kindness and natural beauty of his mother  8  the car, but the little boy was still embarrassed(尴尬)and  9  himself from everyone. He did, however, get within 10  of a conversation between his mother and his teacher.

The teacher asked 11  ,“How did you get the scar on your face?”

The mother replied,“  12   my son was a baby, he was in a room that caught fire. Everyone was  13   afraid to go in because the fire was 14  ，so I went in. As I was running toward his bed, I saw a long piece of wood coming down and I placed myself over him trying to protect him. I was knocked  15   but fortunately, a fireman came in and saved both of us.” She  16   the burned side of her face. “This scar will be  17  ,but to this day, I have never  18  what I did.”

At this point, the little boy came out running toward his mother with tears in his eyes. He held her in his arms and felt a great 19  of the sacrifice(牺牲)that his mother had made for him. He held her hand  20  for the rest of the day.

1.                A．enjoyment      B．disappointment   C．surprise  D．excitement

 

2.                A．would          B．could          C．should   D．must

 

3.                A．noticed         B．greeted         C．accepted D．met

 

4.                A．sick            B．ashamed        C．afraid    D．tired

 

5.                A．included        B．passed         C．covered  D．shaded

 

6.                A．talk about       B．think about      C．care about D．hear about

 

7.                A．impressed      B．surprised       C．excited   D．comforted

 

8.                A．in sight of       B．by means of     C．by way of D．in spite of

 

9.                A．hid            B．protected       C．separated D．escaped

 

10.               A．understanding   B．reminding       C．hearing   D．learning

 

11.               A．carefully        B．seriously        C．nervously  D．anxiously

 

12.               A．As            B．When          C．Since D．While

 

13.               A．so             B．much          C．quite D．too

 

14.               A．out of control    B．under control    C．in control  D．over control

 

15.               A．helpless        B．hopeless        C．senseless  D．useless

 

16.               A．pointed        B．showed        C．wiped D．touched

 

17.               A．ugly           B．lasting          C．serious    D．frightening

 

18.               A．forgot          B．recognized      C．considered D．regretted

 

19.               A．honor          B．sense          C．happiness  D．pride

 

20.               A．quietly         B．slightly         C．tightly D．suddenly