Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir（回忆录）of Ralph W. Tyler, who is one of the most famous men in American education.

Born in Chicago in 1902, brought up and schooled in Nebraska, the 19-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education.

Graduate work at the University of Chicago found him connected with honorable educators Charles Judd and W. W. Charters, whose ideas of teaching and testing had an effect on his later work. In 1927, he became a teacher of Ohio State University where he further developed a new method of testing.

Tyler became well-known nationality in 1938, when he carried his work with the Eight-Year Study from Ohio State University to the University of Chicago at the invitation of Robert Hutchins.

Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years. There, he firmly believed that researchers should be free to seek an independent（独立的）spirit in their work.

Although Tyler officially retired in 1967, he never actually retired. He served on a long list of educational organizations in the United States and abroad. Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives（目标）that develop the best teaching and learning within their schools. 68. Who are most probably interested in Ralph W. Tyler’s memoir?

A. Top managers.                       B. Language learners.

C. Serious educators.            D. Science organizations.

69. The words “hooked oh teaching” underlined in Paragraph 2 probably mean ________.

A. attracted to teaching          B. tired of teaching

C. satisfied with teaching       D. unhappy about teaching

70. Where did Tyler work as the leader of a research center for over 10 years?

A. The University of Chicago.          B. Stanford University.

C. Ohio State University.       D. Nebraska University.

.

第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；共40分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Several interesting American museums tell about health subjects. One is the Doctor Samuel D. Harris National Museum of Dentistry. It is at the University of Maryland in Baltimore. That is where the first college in the world to train dentists began. The museum tells about the history of the medical treatment of teeth. Visitors can see some frightening devices that once were used to remove infected teeth. They also can see sets of teeth made of animal bone. They were made for a famous American —— the first President, George Washington.

Most people do not consider a visit to the dentist their idea of a good time. However, the director of the museum says he wants to make the museum a funny place to visit. He says he also wants to teach visitors about the importance of taking care of their teeth.

Another museum collects devices that help people hear. The Kenneth W. Berger Hearing Aid Museum is at Kent State University in Kent, Ohio. The museum has more than three-thousand hearing aids from around the world. They include old and strange devices. Some hearing aids were made to look like other objects. That is because in the past many people did not want anyone to know they were wearing a hearing aid.

56. It is common for people to think it uneasy to pay a visit to ____.

A. the University of Maryland            B. the Museum of Dentistry

C. the Hearing Aid Museum              D. the dentist

57. The text mainly tells about _____.

A. museums in the US               B. interesting American museums

C. American museums with health subjects

D. the history of the medical treatment of teeth

58. What do we learn about George Washington from the text?

A. He once visited the National Museum of Dentistry.

B. He considered the Museum of Dentistry a fun place to visit

C. His artificial (人造的) teeth were collected in the National Museum of Dentistry.

D. His teeth seemed to be made of animal bone.

59. The underlined word “devices” in the first and last paragraph probably means _____.

A. ways        B. strategies        C. tools          D. desires

 

When you practice reading with passages shorter than book length, do not try to take in each word separately, one after the other. It is much more difficult to grasp the broad theme of the passage this way, and you will also get the stuck on individual words which may not be absolutely essential to a general understanding of the passage. It is a good idea to skim through the passage very quickly first to get the general idea of each paragraph. Titles, paragraph headings and emphasized word can be a great help in getting this skeleton outline of the passage. It is surprising how many people do not read titles, introductions or paragraph headings. Can you, without looking back, remember the title of this passage and the heading of this paragraph?

Most paragraphs of a passage or chapter have a 'topic sentence' which expresses the central idea. The remaining sentence expand or support that idea. It has been estimated that between 60% and 90% of all expositive（说明的）paragraphs in English have the topic sentence first. Always pay special attention to the first sentence of a paragraph; it is most likely to give you the main idea.

Sometimes , though , the first sentence in the paragraph does not have the feel of 'main idea' sentence. It does not seem to give us enough new information to justify a paragraph. The next most likely place to look for the topic sentence is the last sentence of the paragraph.

Remember that the opening and closing paragraphs of a passage or chapter are particularly important . The opening paragraph suggests the general direction and content of the piece, while the closing paragraph often summarizes the very essence （精髓）.

1.It is a good idea to skim through a passage quickly first ________.

A．at about 350 w. P.m.(words per minute)

B．to get the general idea of each paragraph

C．so that you can take in each word separately

D．to make sure you get to the end at least once

2.The topic sentence of an expository paragraph in English_______.

A．usually comes in the middle

B．is most likely to be found at the end

C．is most often at the beginning

D．is usually left out in expository writing

3.Most expository paragraphs in English have a clearly defined topic sentence. In such paragraphs the topic sentence comes first ________.

A．in about 40% of cases                    B．in about 80% of cases

C．in about 20% cases                      D．very rarely

4.Some times we know the first sentence is not the topic sentence because ________.

A．it does not seem to give us enough new information

B．it is not long enough

C．it does not come at the beginning

D．it does not make complete sentence

 

A Frenchman went to a small Italian town and was staying with his wife at the best hotel there. One night, he went out for a walk alone. It was late and the small street was dark and quiet. Suddenly he felt someone behind him. He turned his head and saw an Italian young man who quickly walked past him. The man was nearly out of sight when the Frenchman suddenly found that his watch was gone. He thought that it must be the Italian who had taken his watch. He decided to follow him and get back the watch.

Soon the Frenchman caught up with the Italian. Neither of them understood the other’s language. The Frenchman frightened the Italian with his fist(拳头) and pointed at the Italian’s watch. In the end the Italian gave up his watch to the Frenchman. 

When he returned to the hotel, the Frenchman told his wife what had happened. He was greatly surprised when his wife pointed to the watch on the table. Now he realized that by mistake he had robbed the watch and it was the Italian’s. 

1.The Frenchman went to a small Italian town _______. 

A. alone    B. with his wife     C. with his friend  D. with an Italian

2.One night he went out for _______ alone. 

A. a ride    B. a walk           C. a drink         D. rest

3.Suddenly he found his_______ was gone. 

A. watch    B. money          C. book           D. ring

4.The Italian gave up his watch to him at last because ________.

A. he had stolen the watch from the Frenchman.

B. he understood what the Frenchman wanted

C. he had picked up the watch on his w ay from work

D. he was afraid of the Frenchman

 

Animal Services

Town Lake Animal Center is the largest animal shelter in Central Texas, offering shelter to more than 23,000 animals each year and animal control services to all of Austin and Travis County．In the shelter, no animal will be turned away．

Hours of Operation

Shelter:

Monday－Friday, 11:30 a．m．to 7:00 p．m．

Saturday－Sunday, 11:30 a．m．to 5:00 p．m．

Closed City Holidays

Homeless or unwanted animals can be safely dropped off at the shelter．

Animal Protection and Control:

Monday ― Friday, 7:00 a．m．to 6:00 p．m．

Saturday ― Sunday, 7:00 a．m．to 5:00 p．m．

City Holidays, 7:00 a．m．to 3:00 p．m．

Officers on call overnight

Administrative Offices:

Monday ― Friday, 9:00 a．m．to 5:00 p．m．

Closed City Holidays

Location: 1156 W．Cesar Chavez St, Austin, TX 78703

Mailing address: Town lake Animal Center, POBox 1088, Austin, TX 78767

What’s New

Animal Cruelty Prevention Classes

PURPOSE: To teach people how to recognize and report animal cruelty．

WHO: All citizens are encouraged to take this class．

CAUSE: Usually animal cruelty is in relation to(与……有关) family cruelty．People who hurt animals often move on to hurt human beings．If you’re able to recognize and report animal cruelty, you can help prevent cruelty from spreading throughout your area．

Programs

Town Lake Animal Center offers a number of animal-related services to Austin and Travis County, including Animal Protection & Control, a Pet Lost & Found, Pet Adoptions(领养) and Pet Registration(登记)．

Because the shelter accepts all animals, and because there is a big problem of a large population of pets in our area, the shelter does carry out painless killing of animals that have no other choices for lifetime care．

60．According to the passage, Town Lake Animal Center    ．

A．is the largest animal shelter in the USA        

B．kills or sells homeless animals

C．offers many services to animals                   

D．is a place that raises animals for food

61．If you meet a badly injured pet dog at night, you’d better    ．

A．send it to the shelter directly         

B．call Administrative Offices immediately

C．send it to Animal Cruelty Prevention Classes

D．call Animal Protection and Control officers

62．Attending Animal Cruelty Prevention Classes can also help    ．

A．avoid family cruelty                               B．know more about the wildlife

C．stop any animal cruelty                        D．treat injured animals quickly

63．According to the passage, Town Lake Animal Center has the right to    ．

       A．kill any animal in the area      B．reduce animals’ population greatly

C．balance the number of animals       D．stop animals’ life without pain