专题训练(一) 巧用派生词.做好语法填空. ◆技巧点拨 英语中有许多单词可带否定前缀或否定后缀.将该词变成一个与原来单词意义完全相反的词.在做语法填空时.要仔细领会短文的意思.理清文章脉络.注意行文逻辑.特别注意上下文之间有无转折.对比.相反关系.如果有此种关系.文中又没有相应过渡词语.就要考虑利用构词法知识.即利用单词的否定前缀或否定后缀来解题. 常用的否定前缀有: in?+?adj?.-?adj. correct-incorrect active-inactive im?+?adj?.-?adj polite-impolite patient-impatient un?+?adj?.-?adj lucky-unlucky happy-unhappy il?+?adj?.-?adj logical-illogical legal-illegal ir?+?adj?.-?adj regular-irregular responsible-irresponsible dis?+?adj?.-?adj honest-dishonest satisfied-dissatisfied un?+?v?.-?v? dress-undress load-unload dis?+?v?.-?v? like-dislike cover-discover non?+?n?.-?adj? profit-nonprofit stop-nonstop ill? treat-illtreat manner-illmannered 常用的否定后缀有: ?n?.+?less-?adj? care-careless home-homeless ?n?.+free-?adj?. care-carefree paper-paper?free ◆活学活用 (一)用所给单词的适当形式填空. Ann walked out of the chemical factory,annoyed at her? 1 interview with Jack,the vice general manager of the factory.Ann was told the factory had been pouring waste water directly into the river,making the water? 2 to drink.Ann thought it was her duty to? 3 the matter and had it reported in the newspaper.She also thought it was? 4 [JP3]for the factory to do so.Jack thought it was? 5 and? 6 for Ann to report the whole thing in public without telling them in advance. However,Ann regarded it most important to ensure the residents near the factory to drink? 7 water.She told Jack if his factory kept on polluting the river,he was sure to answer for what he had done one day.答案:1.unpleasant 2.unsuitable 3.disclose 4.irresponsible 5.improper 6.illegal 7.pollution?free (二)语法填空. In the days when an ice cream cost much less,Tom,? 1 eight?year old boy,entered a hotel coffee shop? 2 sat at a table.A waitress put a glass of water in front of him.“How much is an ice?cream? “Fifty cents, replied the waitress.The little boy pulled? 3 right hand out of the pocket and studied a number of? 4 in it.“How much is a dish of plain ice cream? he asked.Some people were now waiting for her service and the waitress grew a little? 5 .“Thirty cents, she said? 6 and loudly,which surprised other [JP3]customers.The boy counted the coins? 7 . I will have a plain ice cream, he said.The waitress walked? 8 .The boy finished the ice cream,paid the cashier and left.It was not long? 9 the waitress came back and then she began to wipe the table and suddenly was surprised at what she saw.There,? 10 neatly beside the empty dish,were two nickels and five pennies-her tip! 【
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