There are many commonly held beliefs about eyeglasses and eyesight that are not proved facts. For example, some people believe that wearing glasses too soon weaken the eyes. But there is nothing to show that the structure (结构) of eyes is changed by wearing galsses at a young age. Wearing the wrong galsses, however, can prove harmful. Studies show that only children can develop loss of sihgt if they have the wrong glasses. We have all heard some of the common myths(荒诞的说法)about how eyesight get bad. Too little light makes the eyes work harder, so they do get tired and strained (过劳). Eyestrain also resulsts from reading a lot, reading in bed, and watching too much television. But, although eyestrain may cause some pain or headaches, it does not harm eyesight all the time. Another myth about eyes is that they can be replaced from one person to another . It is quite difficult to connect aneyeball to a new brain.And it is impossible to replace a whole eyeball to a new person. Only certain parts of the eye can be replaced now. But if we keep clearing up the myths and learning more about the eyes, some day it may be possible to replace a full eyeball.

1.

One cause of eyestrain mentioned in the passage is ____.        .

2.

.From this passage one can conclude that    ____.   .

3.

"Commonly held beliefs" are ____.       .

4.

This passage mainly tells us that ____.

WHAT happens to a teenage kid when the world he thought he knew suddenly changes? Find out in Little Brother by American author Cory Doctorow． It is a fascinating book for a new generation of sci-fi readers．

    Marcus Yallow, 17, from San Francisco is much more comfortable in front of a computer than obeying the rules of society． Smart, fast and wise to the ways of the networked world, he has no trouble outwitting （骗过） his high school's monitoring system． This way he and his friends get to head off to play a popular online game in real life．

    While they are playing, a bomb explodes on the Bay Bridge． Marcus stops a military vehicle to get help for his injured friend, but this simple act throws him into a Department of Homeland Security （DHS） secret prison． There he is treated as a possible terrorist． He is eventually let go after four days, but his injured friend disappears．

    When he returns, Marcus discovers that there are many "security measures" in place and that now all citizens are treated like potential terrorists． While some consider this government action necessary for public safety, Marcus sees this as a complete destruction of the rights he is supposed to have as a citizen．

    He knows that no one will believe his story, which leaves him with only one thing to do: to take down the DHS himself． He helps organize a large network called Xnet to spread the truth, anonymously （匿名地）．

    The book presents a young man who is irresponsible, but learns about himself, and grows, in the course of the story． As part of this learning and growing he becomes aware of very serious issues about his society．

What kind of article does this passage belong to?     

    A． A fascinating story．   B． A book review．

    C． News report     D． A TV programme

The underlined word destruction in the passage means         ．     

    A． damage  B． reward  C． ruin    D． protection

Marcus Yallow was sent to prison because         ．        

    A． he killed his friend

    B． he bombed a military vehicle

    C． he did something that a possible terrorist could do

    D． his injured friend disappeared

From the second paragraph we can infer that         ．     

    A． Marcus Yallow is much more comfortable obeying the rules of society  

    B． Marcus Yallow is smart, fast and wise in real life

    C． Marcus Yallow always plays online games in real life

    D． Marcus Yallow is expert at the network world

In the end of the book, Marcus Yallow         ．      

    A． is supposed to be more irresponsible

    B． becomes aware of very serious issues about his society

    C． presents a young man who is irresponsible

    D． plays a popular online game in real life

Have you ever heard the old saying, “Never judge a book by its cover.”? This is a good rule to follow when trying to judge the intelligence of others. Some people have minds that shine only in certain situations. A young man with an unusual gift in writing may find himself speechless before a pretty girl when he speaks. He may not be able to find the right words. But don’t make the mistake of thinking him stupid. With a pen and paper, he can express himself better than anybody else.

    Other people may fool you into overestimating(过高估计) their intelligence by putting up a good front. A student who listens attentively and takes notes in class is bound to (一定会) make a favorable impression on his teachers. But when it comes to exams, he may score near the bottom of the class.

    In a word, you can’t judge someone by appearance. The only way to determine a person’s intelligence is to get to know him. Then you can see how he reacts to different situations. The more situations you see, the better your judgment is likely to be. So take your time. Don’t judge a book by its cover.

The passage suggests that ______.

     A. a good writer may not be a good speaker   

     B. a good writer is always a good speaker

     C. a speechless person always writes well   

     D. a good writer will find himself speechless

According to this passage, a student who listens attentively and takes notes in class

______________.         

     A. is an intelligent student

     B. may not be an intelligent student

     C. will score better in exams

     D. will not be a good student

The passage suggests that we should judge a person’s intelligence through ______.

     A. his teachers                        B,his deeds in the classroom

   C. his appearance                     D. his reactions to different situations

The writer of this passage wants to tell us not to______.

     A. judge a book by its cover

     B. make the mistake of thinking a young man stupid

     C. overestimate a student’s intelligence

     D. judge a person’s intelligence by his appearance

Choose the yum(美味的东西) and risk the yuk（讨厌的东西）?
Scientists have given us a lot of health warnings. The advice from cancer experts for avoiding bowel(肠) cancer is "try to avoid processed(加工过的) meats such as bacon, ham, corned beef and some sausages", and women fearing breast cancer are told "there doesn't seem to be a starting point at which alcohol consumption is safe",
But all these health warnings tend to have little influence on behavior, So who is being unreasonable —the scientists who give us health advice, or the public that just ignores it?
The curious fact is that both might be right. The reasoning behind these health warnings seems to be this: if you do more of something pleasurable (which we shall give the name “yum”) there is a higher risk of something bad (which we shall give the name “yuk”)occurring, so you should avoid yum.
But when presented with this argument you might ask two questions.
First, maybe the pleasure of yum makes the risk worth taking, especially if yuk might occur a long time in the future? Second, maybe there are other benefits of yum that could cancel out the risks of the particular yuk that has been identified (确认) ?
So suppose bacon sandwiches are your particular yum: research shows that 50g per day — that is a great greasy sandwich — increases your risk of bowel cancer by 20%.
But this means that out of every 100 people who stuffed down that big bacon sandwich every day of their lives, the number of bowel cancers would rise from five to six.
In addition, if a middle-aged woman gave up alcohol, it might reduce her risk of breast cancer, but could increase risk of some other cancers as well as heart disease.
So we need to look at the whole picture before trying to get people to change what they do, since everything has benefit and harms — just think of the joggers(慢跑者) who get knocked down by cars — and people need to be able to find their own balance.
Therefore, as you reach for your yum, perhaps sometimes pause a moment and realize that you are taking a gamble(赌博) on the yuk occurring, but that it may be a risk worth taking.
【小题1】What is the advice given by scientists for avoiding breast cancer?

Getting to the top is hard enough but staying there is an even greater challenge. And so it could be argued that the 10th World Championship 400m victory by Tonique Williams Darling is even more remarkable than when she struck Olympic gold in 2004.
   Coming off the final turn the 27-year-old from the Bahamas held off the attack of both Sanya Richards (USA) and the former World champion Ana Guevara of Mexico displaying a hunger that permanent champions must have.
"I would say that being able to pull off the Olympic title and then come back a year later and pull off the World Championship title has just been a miler coaster (过山车) experience for me," she revealed. "It's really an historical moment for me and for the Bahamas, just to be able to do something like this. And so I feel really humbled and grateful and just overjoyed right now."
"It is not an easy experience. I will tell you, definitely, that in the off-season it was just a struggle to go out there every day and practice because coming off the top races and after the Olympics experience you are just kind of worn out mentally. It's not even physical. So you just go with the season, and work through it, and by the time, like two weeks away from this competition, I was hungry again and ready to be competitive."
Williams Darling credits a support group of friends and family, her husband, Bahamian 400m runner Denis Darling, with keeping her grounded when the natural tendency would be to celebrate and then rest on one's laurels (桂冠，荣誉), Most importantly she credits her Christian faith.
"My life has changed a little bit (since winning the Olympics) but as far as the competition and training it hasn't changed that much,' she declares. "One thing I have tried to do is to train like I have never won anything before. And I think that it was achieved because I could have been lackadaisical (无精打采的) and blown off the season or whatever. I just stayed in there and knew that everybody else was coming after me. That really helped me to stay motivated this season."
46. The underlined words "credit' in paragraph 5 probably means
A. believe somebody
B. add money to the bank
C. attributes her success to those who have supported her
D. record, payment of money
47. Who won the gold medal of the 400m at the 9th World Championship?
A. Denis Darling.                         B. Sanya Richards.
C. Tonique Williams Darling.                D. Ana Guevara.
48. According to the passage we can infer that _________.
A. the 10th World Championship was held in 2005.
B. Tonique Williams Darling's husband was her coach.
C. Denis Darling used to be a winner of the 400m of the Olympics
D. Sanya Richards only won at the .10~ World Championship
49. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Tonique Williams Darling was retired after the 10' World Championship.
B. Tonique Williams Darling believed that SomeOne would catch up with her if she'         did not stay motivated and train hard enough.
C. Tonique Williams Darling got to the top because she Was hungry before a competition.
D. According to Tonique Williams Darling, the Olympic title was less important than         the World Championship title.                  
50. Which is the most probable title of the passage?
    A. The harder you work, the more you'll get.
B. An athlete's successful story.
C. The higher top you get, the greater challenge you'll meet.
D. Do your best, and you are sure to be the top.