At first, the earth’s surface（表面） layer (层) was made up of huge blocks of hard, solid rocks. Then slowly, the rocks broke up into smaller and smaller pieces. Finally stones, pebbles (卵石) and grains of sand were formed. Many sorts of plants and animals lived and died on the surface of the earth. Their remains mixed up with the stones, pebbles and formed soil. The outmost layer of the earth is soil.

There are many ways in which large pieces of rock break into smaller ones. Wind, water. heat and cold help to break up rocks. When winds blow grains of sand against a large rock for a long time, the softer layers of the rock are slowly worn away. These leave holes and cracks (裂缝) in the rock, which become bigger and finally the rock breaks up into smaller pieces.

The moving water of streams and rivers also helps to break up rocks. As the water moves along, it carries with it small pieces of rock. These rub the larger ones. Thus, the larger rocks are worn down to smaller pieces.

The heat of the sun is also helpful to breaking up rocks. When the sun shines, the rocks become very hot. If these rocks are suddenly cooled, they may crack. Ice also plays a part in making soil. Water in the carcks can turn into ice in cold weather. As this happens, it becomes bigger and the cracks become wider, and finally break into smaller pieces.

According to the passage, soil ______ .

   A. forms very slowly

   B. is a mixture of stones, pebbles and sand

   C. makes up the layers of the earth

   D. is becoming smaller and smaller

How many factors are mentioned in helping break up rocks?

   A. Three.      B. Four.      C. Five.        D. More than five.

Which of the follwing speeds up（加速） the breaks of rocks most?

   A. Hot weather.                    B. Cold water.

   C. Sharp changes in temperature.      D. More dead plants in the cracks.

Which of the following is NOT true?

   A. The remains of many plants and animals formed soil.

   B. If a large rock never moves, it will never break up.

   C. Even if a large rock never moves, it will break up.

   D. Ice in the cracks helps to break up rocks.

The best title for this passage should be ____ ?

   A. Soil From Rocks

   B. Ways to Break up Rocks

   C. Soil on the Earth

   D. Soil, Outmost Layer of the Earth

 

The twentieth century saw greater changes than any century before: changes for the better, changes for the worse; changes that brought a lot of benefits to human beings, changes that put man in danger. Many things caused the changes, but, in my opinion, the most important was the progress in science.

Scientific research in physics and biology has vastly broadened our views. It has given us a deeper knowledge of the structure of matter and of the universe; it has brought us a better understanding of the nature of life and of its continuous development. Technology—the application of science—has made big advances that have benefited us in nearly every part of life.

The continuation of such activities in the twenty-first century will result in even greater advantages to human beings: in pure science — a wider and deeper knowledge in all fields of learning; in applied science — a more reasonable sharing of material benefits, and better protection of the environment.

Sadly, however, there is another side to the picture. The creativity of science has been employed in doing damage to mankind. The application of science and technology to the development and production of weapons of mass destruction has created a real danger to the continued existence of the human race on this planet. We have seen this happen in the case of nuclear weapons, Although

their actual use has so far occurred only the Second World War, the number of nuclear weapons that were produced and made ready for us was so large that if the weapons had actually been used, the result could have been the ruin of the human race, as well as of many kinds of animals.

William Shakespeare said, “The web of our life is of a mingled yarn(沙线), good and ill together.” The above brief review of the application of only one part of human activities — science seems to prove what Shakespeare said. But does it have to be so? Must the ill always go together with the good? Are we biologically programmed for war?

1．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?

    ①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, ③=Paragraph 3, ④=Paragraph 4, ⑤=Paragraph 5

2．From the fourth paragraph, we can infer that  ___________.

A．a great many nuclear weapons actually used for war

B．a large number of nuclear weapons should have been used for war

C．the author is doubtful about the ruin of human beings by nuclear weapons

D．the author is anxious about the huge number of nuclear weapons on the earth

3．The underlined word “mingled” in the last paragraph most probably means  ___________.

A．simple   B．mixed   C．sad   D．happy

4．What do you think the author is most likely to suggest if he continues to write?

A．Further application of science to war.  

B．More reading of William Shakespeare.

C．Proper us of science in the new century.   

D．Effective ways to separate the good from the ill.

 

Like many other nations, China has been busy putting together evacuation （撤侨）plans for its citizens stuck in crisis-torn Libya．The real surprise has been just how many Chinese are living there．The foreign ministry does not know for sure but puts the figure at 30-40,000．

The huge contingent （代表团） in Libya, who work for at least 27 Chinese companies, has brought to light one of the new dilemmas facing China as its economic interests expand．For a mixture of reasons that are partly political, partly business, Chinese workers are now present in many of the most unrest and dangerous parts of the world, including places where anti-Chinese sentiment over jobs and working conditions is on the rise．One of the first wake-up calls was in 2007, when a group of Chinese women were kidnapped in Pakistan, an event which led to the siege of the Red Mosque in Lahore．In the same year, nine Chinese oil workers were killed in Ethiopia．In recent years, Chinese workers have been kidnapped in Cameroon, Congo and Afghanistan．

Publicly, Chinese diplomats admit that the country needs better contingency plans to deal with this sort of situation．Privately, they worry about a different issue: that such incidents will force them to get much more involved in domestic political disputes in far-off lands, pulling the government away from its commitment to a policy of non-interference．The nightmare, a few diplomats and academics admit, would be a large, violent attack on a group of Chinese which then prompted an intense nationalist reaction at home, forcing the government to take the sort of interventionist （干涉主义的） actions it tries to shun．

Beijing gave some indication of how it will respond in the future with the decision on Thursday to send the frigate（护卫舰） Xuzhou, currently conducting anti-piracy tasks off the coast of Somalia, to Libya．Its mission will be to help the evacuation effort, but it is also a warning to any in Libya who might attack Chinese interests, as well as the latest indication of the growing global reach of China’s navy．As Andrew Erickson, a China expert at the US Naval War College says: “This latest initiative（方案） is part of a larger ongoing increase in Chinese power, presence, and influence around the world, and should come as no surprise．China has global interests, cannot free ride forever, and requires a presence in critical areas and situations in order to have a voice．”

1.What is the main idea of the passage?

A．There are many Chinese workers in the most unrest and dangerous parts of the world．

B．China should protect workers in the foreign countries．

C．China are taking actions to bring its citizens back from Libya．

D．The international situation is terrible

2.The underlined word “shun” in the third paragraph most probably means?

A．take part in        B．avoid             C．carry out          D．refuse

3.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A．It remains unknown how many Chinese are living in Libya．

B．A large number workers are working abroad, which bring about advantages and disadvantages．

C．In no case will the Chinese government take part in solving the political problems in far-off lands．

D．Our government take immediate action to deal with this sort of situation．

4.What’s Not true about the frigate Xuzhou?

A．It is conducting anti-piracy tasks off the coast of Somalia．

B．It will help the evacuation effort．

C．It is a warning to Libya who might attack Chinese interests．

D．It indicates that China’s navy can reach an increasing number of parts of the global．

 

Like many other nations, China has been busy putting together evacuation （撤侨）plans for its citizens stuck in crisis-torn Libya．The real surprise has been just how many Chinese are living there．The foreign ministry does not know for sure but puts the figure at 30-40,000．
The huge contingent （代表团） in Libya, who work for at least 27 Chinese companies, has brought to light one of the new dilemmas facing China as its economic interests expand．For a mixture of reasons that are partly political, partly business, Chinese workers are now present in many of the most unrest and dangerous parts of the world, including places where anti-Chinese sentiment over jobs and working conditions is on the rise．One of the first wake-up calls was in 2007, when a group of Chinese women were kidnapped in Pakistan, an event which led to the siege of the Red Mosque in Lahore．In the same year, nine Chinese oil workers were killed in Ethiopia．In recent years, Chinese workers have been kidnapped in Cameroon, Congo and Afghanistan．
Publicly, Chinese diplomats admit that the country needs better contingency plans to deal with this sort of situation．Privately, they worry about a different issue: that such incidents will force them to get much more involved in domestic political disputes in far-off lands, pulling the government away from its commitment to a policy of non-interference．The nightmare, a few diplomats and academics admit, would be a large, violent attack on a group of Chinese which then prompted an intense nationalist reaction at home, forcing the government to take the sort of interventionist （干涉主义的） actions it tries to shun．
Beijing gave some indication of how it will respond in the future with the decision on Thursday to send the frigate（护卫舰） Xuzhou, currently conducting anti-piracy tasks off the coast of Somalia, to Libya．Its mission will be to help the evacuation effort, but it is also a warning to any in Libya who might attack Chinese interests, as well as the latest indication of the growing global reach of China’s navy．As Andrew Erickson, a China expert at the US Naval War College says: “This latest initiative（方案） is part of a larger ongoing increase in Chinese power, presence, and influence around the world, and should come as no surprise．China has global interests, cannot free ride forever, and requires a presence in critical areas and situations in order to have a voice．”
【小题1】What is the main idea of the passage?

A．There are many Chinese workers in the most unrest and dangerous parts of the world．

B．China should protect workers in the foreign countries．

C．China are taking actions to bring its citizens back from Libya．

D．The international situation is terrible

【小题2】The underlined word “shun” in the third paragraph most probably means?

A．take part in

B．avoid

C．carry out

D．refuse

【小题3】Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A．It remains unknown how many Chinese are living in Libya．

B．A large number workers are working abroad, which bring about advantages and disadvantages．

C．In no case will the Chinese government take part in solving the political problems in far-off lands．

D．Our government take immediate action to deal with this sort of situation．

【小题4】What’s Not true about the frigate Xuzhou?

A．It is conducting anti-piracy tasks off the coast of Somalia．

B．It will help the evacuation effort．

C．It is a warning to Libya who might attack Chinese interests．

D．It indicates that China’s navy can reach an increasing number of parts of the global．

Most tourist destinations around China are witnessing travel peaks during the eight-day Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day holidays that run through Sunday. In Beijing, the Palace Museum, or the Forbidden City, attracted 182, 000 tourists on Tuesday, the biggest number on a single day, as millions of visitors arrived in the national capital. “We saw absolutely nothing but people’s heads,’’ said Guo Zhijun, 42, of Henan province. “We wanted our 11-year-old son to learn something from the trip, but we only ended up very tired. ”
Earlier, from Sunday noon to midday Monday, garbage collected at Tian’anmen Square in the heart of the city amounted to 7.9 tons, a quarter more than that in the same period of last year.
In the eastern coastal city of Qingdao, its top five major tourist sites attracted more than 200, 000 visitors on Tuesday.
Yesterday, thousands of cars jammed two 20-kilometer mountain roads winding to and out of the Lushan Mountain scenic area in the eastern province of Jiangxi. The area, with about 3, 000 car parking spaces, was unable to contain at least 8, 000 inbound cars, said head of the Lushan Mountain public security bureau.
The Lushan Mountain tourism administration temporarily stopped selling entrance tickets to prevent the traffic from growing on Tuesday afternoon. Similar measures could be taken during the rest of the holidays, a police officer said.
Emergency measures have been taken at other scenic sites. Crowded visitors overwhelmed the capacity（承载量）of the cable cars at Huashan Mountain, in Shaanxi province, leaving tens of thousands stuck at the peak late into Tuesday night. According to China Central Television, restless visitors demanded refunds from the tourism committee, and a lot of visitors had to give up and walk down the mountain.
Chen Li, deputy director of the Shaanxi Provincial Public Security Department, said on his micro blog that more than 300 policemen and government officials climbed up the mountain to help trapped visitors. Fearing that tourist sites might become too crowded, many people are staying at home, going shopping or making short suburban trips. A resident Mr. Wang in Nanchang, capital of Jiangxi, canceled long-distance travel plans after learning of heavy traffic on many highways during the first two days of the holidays. Instead, Wang, his wife and son went fishing in the suburbs before having a picnic.
【小题1】What happened in the Forbidden City that Tuesday?

A．There were far more visitors coming than expected.

B．A large number of zones were opened to the visitors.

C．Over 7.9 tons of garbage was collected.

D．More than 200, 000 visitors gathered there.

【小题2】What does the underlined word “overwhelmed” mean in paragraph 6?

A．showed up

B．added to

C．reached beyond

D．filled in

【小题3】The writer wrote this article to________________.

A．advise traveling to different places to learn something

B．warn people not to climb those mountains on holidays

C．encourage people to change the travel plans according to the traffic

D．suggest we stay at home or go shopping during those holidays

【小题4】Which of the following might be the best title?

A．Experiences from Different Travel Plans

B．Travel Peaks in China's Tourist Sites

C．Floods of People to the Forbidden City

D．Problems with Travelling on Holiday