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October 31, 2009, California

     Tsien Hsue-shen, PhD'39, one of the founders of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, died on October 31, He was 98.

     Tsien, born in the eastern Chinese city of Hangzhou, graduated from the National Qinghua University in 1934 and in August of 1935 he left China to study at the Massachusetts Institute Technology. In 1936 he went to the California Institute of Technology to commence graduate studies .Tsien obtained his doctor degree in 1939 and would remain at Caltech for 20 years, becoming the Goddard Professor and establishing a reputation as one of the leading rocket scientists in the United States.

   In 1943, Tsien and two others in the Caltech rocketry group drafted the first document to use the name Jet Propulsion Laboratory. During the Second World War, he was amongst the other scientists participated the "Manhattan Project" .After World War II he served as a consultant to the  United States Army Air Force. During this time, Conlonel Tsien worked on designing an intercontinental space plane. His work would inspire the X--20Dyna-Soar which would later be the inspiration for the Space Shuttle. In1945 Tsien Hsue--shen married Jiang Ying, the daughter of Jiang Baili--one of the Chinese nationalist leader Chiang Kai--shen's leading military strategists. But in 1950, the Chinese-born scientist was accused of harboring Communist sympathies and stripped of his security clearance.

   In September 1955 he was permitted to leave for China, where Tsien resumed his research, founded the Institute of Mechanics, and went on to become the father of China's missile program, a trusted member of the government and Party's inner circle, and the nation's most honored scientist, Tsien retired in 1991 and has maintained a low public profile in Beijing, China. The PRC government launched its manned space program in 1992 and used Tsien's research as the basis for the Long March rocket which successfully launched the Shenzhou V mission in October of 2003.The elderly Tsien was able to watch China's first manned space mission on television from his hospital bed.

   In his late years, since the 1980s, Tsien devoted himself to spirituality research, and advocated scientific investigation of traditional Chinese medicine, Qigong and "special human body functions".

【小题1】           The underlined word "commence" in this passage probably means ____

A. make up    B. get    C. begin   D. promise

【小题2】           Tsien Hsue--shen got married at the age of ______

A.45          B.28     C. 24      D.34

【小题3】           What is the right order of the events related to Tsien Hsue--shen ?

a. his later life   

b. return to China   

c. career in the U.S.A 

d. his early life and education 

A. a-b-c-d    B. d-c-b-a     C. d-b-c-a     D. c-b-d-a

【小题4】           Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. Tsien Hsue--shen got a doctor's degree in 1939.

B. Tsien Hsue--shen married Jiang Ying, the daughter of Chinese nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shen.

C. Tsien Hsue-shen has made a contribution to the Space Shuttle.

D. Tsien Hsue-shen was interested in traditional Chinese medicine, qigong and "special human body functions" in his later life.

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

There was a very special teacher who made a far-reaching difference in my life.

Fall, 1959, the first day of class at Bethesda Chevy Chase High School was about to begin. “Who”, I asked a senior, “is Mrs. McNamara, my 10^th grade English teacher?” He just  1and said something about my being in  2. Soon, I understood what he meant. Mrs. McNamara had a pattern of  3that she repeated again and again. We would have a literature reading task for  4. The next day, when we came to class, there would be two or three topics on the blackboard  5to the homework reading. We were  6to write an in-class essay about one of the topics. The following day, she would  7the corrected and graded essays and each person would be called  8to stand in front of the class and to  9his/her essay. The class were required to criticize （评论） that essay,  10the grade of everyone in class would be reduced.

The first time that I  11her read-write-criticize method, I had not  12to do the homework and had written something without knowing what it meant.  13the extreme embarrassment I suffered, standing before my classmates,  14myself. No one laughed at me; no one would be  15enough, or foolish enough, to do that in Mrs. McNamara’s class. The embarrassment came from  16and along with it came a strong  17not to let it happen again.

Mrs. McNamara kept all of our written work in files; it was easy to see the  18in writing that had occurred. What was not so easy to see was the inner transformation that had taken place, at least for me. What Mrs. McNamara  19me to do was to see myself as others see me and, having done that, I could improve myself. And I  20. Thank you, Mrs. McNamara.

1..A.nodded             B. laughed         C. apologized      D. shouted

2.A. trouble            B. sorrow          C. danger          D. anger

3.A. behaviour          B. evaluation           C. activity             D. thought

4.A. review             B. performance     C. practice             D. homework

5.A. added              B. related              C. contributed          D. compared

6.A. expected           B. persuaded       C. allowed         D. advised

7.A. collect           B. return               C. send            D. receive

8.A. on purpose         B. at first             C. by chance       D. in turn

9.A. talk through      B. hand over       C. read out             D. show off

10.A. so                B. and              C. but              D. or

11.A. tried            B. adopted         C. examined         D. experienced

12.A. undertaken       B. attempted            C. bothered        D. hesitated

13.A. Remember          B. Predict         C. Bear             D. Imagine

14.A. playing jokes on      B. making a fool of     C. setting a trap for   D. taking advantage of

15.A. brave            B. careless             C. proud           D. selfish

16.A. above             B. within          C. behind          D. below

17.A. tendency         B. preference           C. determination        D. sense

18.A. improvements      B. pains           C. difficulties         D. advantages

19.A. trusted               B. invited              C. forced               D. permitted

20.A. did               B. could           C. had              D. would

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

1.quality????????????? A. trade????????????? ????????????? ? B. abroad????????????? ? ????????????? ?? C. want????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D. value

2.coffee????????????? ? ????????????? A. circle????????????? ????????????? ? B. social????????????? ????????????? ?? C. innocent????????????? ? ????????????? D. casual

3.result????????????? ????????????? A. bush????????????? ? ????????????? ? B. button????????????? ????????????? ?? C. business????????????? ????????????? D. musician

4.quiet????????????? ?? A. friend????????????? ????????????? ? B. achieve? ????????????? ?? C. science????????????? ????????????? D. convenient

5.washed? A. trusted????????????? ? B. refused????????????? ????????????? ?? C. copied????????????? ????????????? D. practiced

Tired of all the pushing in supermarkets? Fed up with waiting in endless lines to pay for what you have bought? Angry at wasting time in traffic jams only to find no parking spaces when you eventually arrive at the store? If this is you, then online shopping is the answer to your dreams of trouble-free shopping.
Online shopping brings its own challenges. Here are a few things to bear in mind when browsing (浏览) various websites. The claim (声称) made by online sites is that shopping online is a safe and secure way to make purchases. The evidence challenges this. In any case, you only have to be the victim(受害者) of fraud (欺骗) once to experience all the problems that come with this form of stealing. Use only sites that have a trusted history and an excellent reputation(名声).
Another problem is that the appearance of items in reality is often quite different from what you see on your computer screen. This might not be a problem if you are buying washing up powder but could be a major disappointment when that beautiful blue dress you ordered turns up in green. Also, product descriptions are sometimes simply untrue! Perhaps the wisest plan is to purchase items whose design and color are not essential to customer satisfaction.
Some even argue that online shopping indirectly contributes to global warming. Yes, your car can stay parked but how are online goods delivered? Often by some large van pouring out carbon monoxide and adding to our already desperate traffic problems. You are also by now becoming increasingly irritated(使烦恼) by the fact that the delivery is late !
Without question, online shopping is here to stay and it has its benefits. However, perhaps it is not as wonderful as some of its supporters claim it to be.
【小题1】How can online shoppers avoid fraud?

In the dining room of my grandfather’s house stood a massive grandfather clock. Meals in that dining room were a   1 for four generations to become one. The table was always   2 with food from wonderful family recipes（食谱）all containing   3 as the main ingredient（成分）. And always that grandfather clock stood like a trusted old family   4 , sharing our happiness.
As I was a child, the old clock  5 me. I watched and listened to it during meals. I   6 how at different times of the day, that clock would strike with a wonderful   7 . Year after year, the clock struck a part of my   8  , a part of my heart.
Even more wonderful to me was what my grandfather did each day. He  9 wound that clock with a special and magic key, which   10 the clock ticking and striking. He never let that clock wind down and   11 . When we grandkids got a little older, he showed us how to   12 the clock.
Several days after my grandfather died, I entered the dining room, with tears flowing   13 . The clock stood desertedly  14 , seeming smaller and not as magnificent as before. I couldn’t   15 to look at it.
Years later, my grandmother gave me the clock and the key. The old house was quiet. I opened the clock door with my shaking hand. Then   16 , reverently（虔诚地）, I entered the key and wound the clock. It sprang to  17 . Tick – tock , tick – tock, life and chimes were  18 into the dining room, into house and into my  19 . In the movement of the hands of the clock, my grandfather  20 again.