We would like to wish all our readers a wonderful winter break. Our January magazine is now in the shops and available digitally. We’re looking forward to sharing more adventures and discoveries with you in 2014, including:

At a crossroads in the Atlantic

As the population of Ascension Island rises up to mark the 200th anniversary of British rule, Fred Pearce wonders what the future might have in store for this strange part of land.

Photostory: On the road again

A selection of images from an exhibition opening this month at the Royal Geographical Society go hand in hand with M Aurel Stein’s early 20th century photographs of the Silk Road.

Dossier: Going underground

Mark Rowe discusses the role that carbon storage can play in the global effort to reduce carbon dioxide emission (排放).

Net loss

Kit Gillet reports from the Gulf of Thailand, whose fisheries (渔场) have been almost destroyed by the commercialization of the Thai fishing industry.

And don’t forget…

…a round-up of the latest geographical and climate science news; a hot spot focus on Turkey; advice on taking photographs in Antarctica; an interview with Lucien Castaing-Taylor, professor of visual arts at Harvard; plus lots, lots more…

Buy your copy now, click here and save up to 35% or call +44 (0)1635 588 496. Geographical is also available in WHSmith and many independent news agents.

1.Who took photos of the Silk Road?

A. M Aurel Stein.      B. Fred Pearce.                  C. Mark Rowe.           D. Lucien Castaing-Taylor.

2.If you want to read something about global warming, you can read         .

A. At a crossroads in the Atlantic                         

B. Photostory: On the road again

C. Dossier: Going underground                  

D. Net loss

3. Which of the following statements is true?

A. Ascension Island has a bright future with more population.

B. Commercialization contributes to the loss of fishery in Thai.

C. The January edition of 2014 is to come out in the winter break.

D. The topics of this magazine focus on geography and interviews.

4.The passage is written to         .

A. share adventures and discoveries                           

B. give advice on taking photos

C. attract readers to buy the magazine               

D. introduce the content of the magazine

Crime is a serious problem in Britain. One sort of crime which particularly worries people is juvenile crime—that is, crimes committed by young people. For some years, juvenile crime has been increasing. There are two main sorts of juvenile crime：stealing and violence. Most people do not understand why young people commit these crimes. There are, I think, a large number of different reasons.

These crimes are not usually committed by people who are poor or in need. Young people often dislike and hate the adult world. They will do things to show that they are rebels. Also in Britain today it is easier for young people to commit crimes because they have more freedom to go where they like and more money to do what they like.

There are two other possible causes which are worth mentioning. More and more people in Britain live in large towns. In a large town no one knows who anyone else is or where they live. But in the village I come from crimes are rare because everyone knows everybody else.

Although it is difficult to explain, I think the last cause is very important. Perhaps there is something wrong with our society which encourages violence and crime. It is a fact that all the crime children are exposed to films and reports about crime and violence. Many people don’t agree that this influences young people, but I think that young people are very much influenced by the society they grow up in. I feel that the fault may be as much with our whole society as with these young people.

How many causes of juvenile crime are mentioned in the text? 

A. two.     B. three      C. four      D. five

According to the passage which young group from Britain is least likely to commit crimes?

A. adults in big cities

B. adults who are in great need of help

C. young people in big cities

D. young people in the countryside

In the last paragraph, the underlined part “our society which encourages violence and crime” means ___.

A. people don’t care much about violence and crime

B. the people who commit crimes are not punished severely

C. some criminals escaped being punished

D. social environment has a bad effect on young people

What’s the main meaning of this passage? 

A. Different kinds of juvenile crime.

B. The causes of juvenile crime.

C. Increasing crime rate in Britain

D. Stealing and violence in Brotain

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.
“Down-to-earth” means someone or something that is honest, practical and easy to deal with. It is   36  to find someone who is down-to-earth. A person who is down-to-earth is easy to talk to and   37  other people as equals. A down-to-earth person is just the   38  of someone who acts important and proud.
Down-to-earth persons   39  be important members of society, of course.   40  they do not let their importance “go to their heads”. They do not   41  themselves to be better persons than others of less importance. Someone who is filled with his own importance and pride, often without cause, is   42  to have “his nose in the air”. There is   43  way a person with his nose in the air can be down-to-earth.
Americans   44  another expression that means almost the same as “down-to-earth”. The expression is “both-feet-on-the-ground”. Someone with both-feet-on-the-ground is a person with a good   45  of reality. He  46  what is called “common sense”. He may have   47 , but he does not allow them to   48  his knowledge of what is real.
The opposite kind of   49  is one who has his “head-in-the-clouds”. A man with his-head-in-the-clouds is a dreamer whose   50  is not in the real world.
  51 , such a dreamer can be brought back to earth.   52  words from a teacher can usually bring a day-dreaming student down-to-earth..
Usually, the person who is down-to-earth is very   53  to have both feet on-the –ground.   54  we have both our feet on-the –ground, when we are down-to-earth, we act honestly and openly   55  others. Our lives are like the ground below us, solid and strong.
36. A.pleasant       B.sad           C.common          D.surprising
37. A.meets          B.welcomes     C.receives        D.accepts
38. A.case           B.kind         C.opposite        D.example
39. A.must           B.may          C.should          D.will
40. A.But            B.So           C.For             D.And
41. A.wish           B.expect       C.desire          D.consider
42. A.said           B.told         C.asked           D.made
43. A.some           B.a            C.no              D.every
44. A.discover       B.find         C.make            D.use
45．A.understanding  B.wish         C.reason          D.expectation
46. A.demands        B.lacks        C.has             D.likes
47. A.fortunes       B.dreams       C.achievements    D.disadvantages
48. A.block          B.protect      C.own             D.gain
49. A.idea           B.people       C.attitude        D.person
50. A.mind           B.life         C.body            D.head
51. A.Always         B.Therefore    C.However         D.Sometimes
52. A.Sharp          B.All          C.No              D.Bad
53. A.possible       B.probable     C.likely          D.able
54. A.Though         B.Since        C.When            D.Unless
55.A.toward          B.for          C.over            D.onto

America is a mobile society. Friendships between Americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon if situations change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while — then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship. This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us flower more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, extending (延伸) sometimes deeply into both families.

       Americans are ready to receive us foreigners at their homes, share their holidays, and their home life. They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality (好客) easily.

       Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that although they include us warmly in their personal everyday lives, they don’t show their politeness to us if it requires a great deal of time. This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time. Sometimes, we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends. The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes, but truly can not manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily routine. They will probably expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus. And they expect that we will phone them from there. Once we arrive at their homes, the welcome will be full, warm and real. We will find ourselves treated hospitably.

       For the Americans, it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants, except for purely business matters. So accept their hospitality at home!

The writer of this passage must be ______.

A. an American           B. a Chinese    C. a professor         D. a student

Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Friendships between Americans usually extend deeply into their families.

B. Friendships between Americans usually last for all their lives.

C. Americans always show their warmth even if they are very busy.

D. Americans will continue their friendships again even after a long break.

From the last two paragraphs we can learn that when we arrive in America to visit an American friend, we will probably be ______.

A. warmly welcomed at the airport     

B. offered a ride to his home

C. treated hospitably at his home       

D. treated to dinner in a restaurant

The underlined words “generous with our time” in Paragraph 3 probably mean ______.

A. strict with time      B. serious with time

C. careful with time     D. willing to spend time

A suitable title for this passage would probably be “______”.

A. Friendships between Chinese   

B. Friendships between Americans

C. Americans’ hospitality        

D. Americans’ and Chinese’s views of friendships

Aboriginal is a term used to describe the people and animals that lived in a place from the earliest known times or before Europeans arrived. Examples are the Maori in New Zealand, the Aborigines in Australia and the Indians in South America.

Maori

The Maori were the first people to go to New Zealand about 1,000 years ago. They came from the islands of Polynesia in the Pacific. They brought dogs, rats and plants with them and settled mainly on the Northern Island. In 1769, Captain James Cook took possession of the Island, and from that time on British people started to settle. The Maori signed an agreement with these settlers, but in later years there were arguments and battles between them over land rights.

Aborigine

Native people of Australia came from somewhere in Asia more than 40,000 years ago. They lived by hunting and gathering. Their contact with British settlers began in 1788. By the 1940s almost all of them were mixed into Australian society as low-paid workers. Their rights were limited. In 1976 and 1993 the Australian government passed laws that returned some land to the Aborigines and recognized their property rights.

Indians

Long before the Europeans came to America in the 16th and 17th century, the American Indians, or Native Americans, lived there. It is believed that they came from Asia. Christopher Columbus mistook the land for India and so called the people there Indians. The white settlers and American Indians lived in peace at the beginning, but conflicts finally arose and led to the Indian Wars (1866 —1890). After the war the Indians were driven to the west of the country. Not until 1924 did they gain the right to vote.

68. What is the subject discussed in the passage?

A. European settlers.

B. Native people from three countries.

C. Lifestyles of aboriginals.

D. History of three groups of aboriginals.

69. Which of the following statements is an opinion instead of a fact?

A. The Maori were the first people to go to New Zealand.

B. The Europeans were greedy because they always fought for land.

C. Native people of Australia lived by hunting and gathering.

D. After the war the Indians were driven to the west of the country.

70. The native people in America were called Indians because ________.

A. they originated from India

B. their appearances are similar to those of Indians

C. the land was mistaken for India

D. their personalities are comparable to those of Indians

71. By saying “almost all of them were mixed into Australian society as low-paid workers”(in Paragraph 3), the author implies that _____.

A. natives in Australia led a different life from the settlers

B. most natives in Australia were unemployed

C. natives in Australia were separated from Australia

D. most natives in Australia earned a small salary