请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空格1个单词。

Health researchers have noticed that some groups of people are more consistently healthy than others, and wondered… Is it race? Income? Where you live? In the United States, these disagreements in health outcomes have been the focus of intense research for the past several decades.

Harvard University health policy researcher Ellen Meara says scholars have found some clues as to why some groups of people have more or less disease than others. She says one important factor in people’s health is the amount of education they have.

In her most recent paper, Meara looked at data from the United States census. Meara and her colleagues examined data from several decades.

“We looked at life expectancy（预测寿命）at age 25,” Meara says.

“How many additional years can you expect to live if you arrive at age 25 and your education has stopped at high school, or sooner? Versus how many years, can you expect to live if you’ve reached aged 25 and you’ve gone on to at least some college…”

Meara says they found that in 1990, a 25-year-old who only had some secondary school could expect to live for a total of 75 years. In 2000, a 25 year old with some secondary education could also expect to live to the age of 75.

In contrast, for a better educated 25-year-old, they could expect to live to the age of 80 in 1990. Someone with a similar education level in the year 2000, could expect to live to be more than 81 years, 81.6 years to be exact .

Meara says, not only do better-educated people live longer to begin with, but in the past ten years, more educated people has made gains in the length of their lives. Meanwhile, the life expectancy hasn’t changed for less educated people.

Some of these gains can be explained. Meara says researchers know that people who are more educated are more likely to quit smoking cigarettes, or not start at all, compared to people with less education.

“I think it’s a reminder not to be satisfactory,” Meara says. “Just because a population overall appears to be getting healthier, it doesn’t always mean that those advantages and successes that many people have enjoyed really extend into all parts of the population. And I think that's something to really pay attention to regardless of whether you live in the US or elsewhere.”

Meara points out that education can often determine income - people with more education frequently make more money. This makes them aware of health care, and purchase other resources and services that can keep them healthier. But the data on income do NOT show that people who make more money are automatically healthier.

 

Title	The Amount of __71_____Contributes to People’s Health
Comparisons	The less educated people	The ____72____ educated people
In 1990	They could live for 75 years	They could live to the age of 80
In 2000	Their life expectancy was the same as in 1990.	They could live to the age of 81.6 _____73____.
___74___ of the research	In the past ____75___	Their life expectancy remained ____76_____.	They’ve made gains in the length of their lives, partly ___77____ to their quitting smoking.
People are getting healthier, but it doesn’t mean that the advantages and successes extend into all parts of the population
Income____78_____ on education.	People with more education make more money
Getting more money helps to increase their ____79____ of health care, which can keep them healthier.
______80_____	Education is the key to better health.

 

After winning a big game, athletes are often asked how they attained that success. Most say their achievement is the result of grueling hard work and intense practice. Usually athletes say how hard it is to win the big games. At the opposite end of the spectrum, however, is the fact that losing the big game, or, in my case, all the games, can be even tougher.

From the spectators' point of view, last year's basketball season for my high school team was nothing short of an embarrassment. And while 0 and 20 is certainly nothing to be proud of, that season had a bigger impact on me than any other, and probably more than any season since.

As a team captain, I knew it probably wouldn't be the easiest year, but did I ever think we would lose every game? Of course not. Since six of our top players had graduated, it was clear that we were a young team who would struggle. The struggle began earlier than expected, though, as our team's starting center was suspended for the season, and two key members decided to quit after two weeks. At some point, quitting probably passed through every player's mind, but, in the end, we all stuck it out, vowing to work even harder.

Then there came a time when even our own coach had given up on us. Personally, I felt like it was no longer worth giving my all. I thought, if even the coach doesn't believe in us, why should I? But just as my hope began to fade, a teammate called a meeting. He said, "Nobody thinks we're going to win, and heck, we may not, but, as teammates and friends, we owe it to each other to give it our all every game."

Sure, it was a little cliché(陈旧的), but it was that moment that taught me how to be a leader. It hit me then that I may have been a captain, but I, like others in my position, certainly didn't deserve the role. As a leader you can never quit on the team who looks up to you. It is one thing to be named captain and feel great and go through the motions, but it is quite another to be a real captain and make sure everyone works to their potential all the time.

I am sure it is great to go through high school without losing and bringing home awards. But in all honesty, I relish the fact that my team lost every game last year. It may not help me to become a better basketball player, but it already has made me a better leader, and person.

77.What was the biggest problem with the author's team last season?

A. Several key members were unable to play the games.

B. Their coach no longer wanted to instruct them.

C. There were no actual leaders on the team.

D. Most of players lost hope and wanted to quit.

78.In the text, the author seems to suggest that a good leader should _______.

A. be confident about himself       

B. make sure everyone goes all out

C. work hard to win the games      

D. feel great about his team

79.By saying "we owe it to each other to give it our all every game." (Paragraph 4) the teammate means that all of them should ________.

A. be responsible for the losses      

B. try their best on the court

C. feel thankful for what they've done

D. get together to win every game

80.What is the main idea the author aims to express in the text?

A. Success is the result of hard work.

B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.

C. One can learn something from the failure.

D. A real leader should never give up.

 

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空格1个单词。

Health researchers have noticed that some groups of people are more consistently healthy than others, and wondered… Is it race? Income? Where you live? In the United States, these disagreements in health outcomes have been the focus of intense research for the past several decades.

Harvard University health policy researcher Ellen Meara says scholars have found some clues as to why some groups of people have more or less disease than others. She says one important factor in people’s health is the amount of education they have.

In her most recent paper, Meara looked at data from the United States census. Meara and her colleagues examined data from several decades.

“We looked at life expectancy（预测寿命）at age 25,” Meara says.

“How many additional years can you expect to live if you arrive at age 25 and your education has stopped at high school, or sooner? Versus how many years, can you expect to live if you’ve reached aged 25 and you’ve gone on to at least some college…”

Meara says they found that in 1990, a 25-year-old who only had some secondary school could expect to live for a total of 75 years. In 2000, a 25 year old with some secondary education could also expect to live to the age of 75.

In contrast, for a better educated 25-year-old, they could expect to live to the age of 80 in 1990. Someone with a similar education level in the year 2000, could expect to live to be more than 81 years, 81.6 years to be exact .

Meara says, not only do better-educated people live longer to begin with, but in the past ten years, more educated people has made gains in the length of their lives. Meanwhile, the life expectancy hasn’t changed for less educated people.

Some of these gains can be explained. Meara says researchers know that people who are more educated are more likely to quit smoking cigarettes, or not start at all, compared to people with less education.

“I think it’s a reminder not to be satisfactory,” Meara says. “Just because a population overall appears to be getting healthier, it doesn’t always mean that those advantages and successes that many people have enjoyed really extend into all parts of the population. And I think that's something to really pay attention to regardless of whether you live in the US or elsewhere.”

Meara points out that education can often determine income - people with more education frequently make more money. This makes them aware of health care, and purchase other resources and services that can keep them healthier. But the data on income do NOT show that people who make more money are automatically healthier.

Title	The Amount of __71_____Contributes to People’s Health
Comparisons	The less educated people			The ____72____ educated people
	In 1990	They could live for 75 years		They could live to the age of 80
	In 2000	Their life expectancy was the same as in 1990.		They could live to the age of 81.6 _____73____.
___74___ of the research	In the past ____75___	Their life expectancy remained ____76_____.		They’ve made gains in the length of their lives, partly ___77____ to their quitting smoking.
	People are getting healthier, but it doesn’t mean that the advantages and successes extend into all parts of the population
	Income____78_____ on education.		People with more education make more money
			Getting more money helps to increase their ____79____ of health care, which can keep them healthier.
______80_____	Education is the key to better health.

III. 阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D选项中，选出最佳选项。

I’ve written 14 movies. My characters smoke in many of them, and they look cool and glamorous doing it. Smoking was an integral（必需的） part of many of my screenplays because I was a heavy smoker. It was part of a bad-boy image I’d cultivated for a long time— smoking, drinking, partying, rock ’n’ roll.

Smoking, I once believed, was every person’s right. The second-hand smoke was non-existent problem invented by professional do-gooders. I put all these views into my plays.

Remembering all this, I find it hard to forgive myself. I have been an accomplice (帮凶) to the murders of untold numbers of human beings. I am admitting this only because I have made a deal with God. Spare me, I said, and I will try to stop others from committing the same crimes I did.

Eighteen months ago I was diagnosed with throat cancer, the result of a lifetime of smoking. I am alive but disabled. Much of my larynx (喉) is gone. I have some difficulty speaking; others have some difficulty understanding me.

I haven’t smoked or drunk for 18 months now, though I still take it day by day and pray for help. I believe in prayer and exercise. I have walked five miles a day for a year, without missing even one day. Quitting smoking and drinking has taught me the hardest lesson I’ve ever learned about my own weakness; it has also given me the greatest affection and empathy(同感) for those still addicted.

I don’t think smoking is every person’s right anymore. I think smoking should be as illegal as heroin. I’m no longer such a bad boy. I go to church on Sunday. I’m desperate to see my four boys grow up. I want to do everything I can to undo the damage I have done with my own big-screen words and images.

Screen writers know, too, that some movie stars are more likely to play a part if they can smoke —because they are so addicted to smoking that they have difficulty stopping even during the shooting of a scene.

My hands are bloody; so are Hollywood’s. My cancer has caused me to attempt to cleanse me. I don’t wish my fate upon anyone in Hollywood, but I beg that Hollywood should stop putting it upon millions of others.

1. The main idea of this passage probably is _________.

A. the writer is ashamed of the bad effects his screenplays have had on human beings

B. the writer’s smoking experience nearly killed himself

C. the bad effects that Hollywood screenplay have brought to children

D. the determination of the writer to overcome his illness

2. How do you think the writer has realized his mistake?

A. So many people have found the habit of smoking due to his plays.

B. His plays have brought great harm to teenagers.

C. He himself suffered greatly from smoking.

D. His screenplays have been doing more and more harm to human beings.

3. What is the writer determined to do in future?

A. He has made up his mind to give up smoking forever.

B. He will try his best to prevent others from writing screen plays encouraging smoking.

C. He will try his best to bring up his four children.

D. He has decided to write his screenplays without smoking scenes.

4. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.

A. the writer will soon be recovered from his illness thanks to his exercise

B. the writer will soon die because of his deadly disease

C. smoking will be got rid of in all Hollywood films

D. smoking in Hollywood films is still doing great harm to human beings

 

No one wants to look silly or do the wrong thing at a new job. It’s important to make the right impression (印象) from the first day. You will face new people. You will be in a new place. It may be difficult to know what to do. Here are seven tips to help you make it through the first days at a new job:

1. First impression is important. Make sure you make a good one. Before your first day, find out if your new job has a dress code. If so, be sure to follow it. No matter what you wear, always be neat (整洁) and clean.

2. Get to work on time. Employers value workers who come to work on time. Give yourself an extra 15 minutes to make sure you arrive on time.

3. Pay attention to introduction. One of the first things that your supervisor (主管) may do is to introduce you to co-workers. These co-workers will be important to you. They are the ones who will answer your questions when the boss isn’t around.

4. Ask plenty of questions. Make sure that your supervisor has told you what your are expected to do. If he or she has not told you your job duties, ask for a list. Set daily and weekly goals for yourself.

5. Don't make personal phone calls. You should never make personal phone calls to your friends and family unless it's an emergency.

6. Don’t take too long for lunch. What’s the lunch-hour policy at your new job? You can find out from your supervisor or your company’s personnel department(人事部门). For example, do people eat at their desks or does everyone take a full hour outside the workplace?

7. Never be the first one to leave. Observe how your co-workers behave around quitting (离开) time. It does no good for you to be eager to leave.

Which is the best title for the passage?

  A. Tips On First Days At a New Job    B. How to Do a Job Well

  C. Be the Last to Leave              D. Ways to Find a New Job

From the last two paragraphs, we can infer that the most important rule we should follow is ______.

 A. to have lunch outside the workplace   B. to do as other people do

 C. not to be the first to leave after work   D. to pay attention to introductions

The underlined phrase “a dress code” (Para. 2) means ______.

A. a beautiful dress        B. a place where a dress can be placed 

C. a neat and clean dress    D. a rule about what you can wear to work

Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. You should not make personal calls unless very necessary.

B. Co-workers will be important to you when the boss is out.

C. You shouldn’t ask any questions in case you trouble others.

D. Leave an extra 15 minutes earlier to make sure you won’t be late.