“Mobile phone killed my man,” screamed one headline last year. Also came claims that an unpublished study had found that mobile phones could cause memory loss. And a British newspaper devoted its front page to a picture supposedly showing how mobile phones could heat the brain.

     For anyone who uses a mobile phone, these are worrying times. But speak to the scientists whose work is the focus of these scares and you hear a different story.

     One of the oddest effects comes from the now famous “memory loss” study. Alan Preece and his colleagues at the University of Bristol placed a device that imitated the microwave radiation of mobile phones to the left ear of volunteers. The volunteers were good at recalling words and pictures they had been shown on a computer screen. Preece says he still can’t comment on the effects of using a mobile phone for years on end. But he rules out the suggestion that mobile phones have an immediate effect on our cognitive（认识的）abilities. “I’m pretty sure there is no effect on short-term memory,” he says.

     Another expert, Tattersall, remarked that his latest findings have removed fears about memory loss. One result, for instance, suggests that nerve cell synapses（神经元突触） exposed to microwaves become more — rather than less — receptive to undergoing changes linked to memory formation.

An even happier outcome would be that microwaves turned out to be good for you. It sounds crazy, but a couple of years ago a team led by William Adey at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center in California found that mice exposed to microwaves for two hours a day were less likely to develop brain tumours when given a cancer-causing chemical.

“If it doesn’t certainly cause cancer in animals and cells, then it probably isn’t going to cause cancer in humans,” says William. And while there’s still no absolute evidence that mobile phone use does damage your memories or give you cancer, the conclusion is: don’t be afraid.

1. Mobile phone users are worried because ______.

A. they are not sure whether mobile phones can cause memory loss

B. it’s said that mobile phones have a lot of side effects

C. one headline reported “Mobile phone killed my man”

D. a British newspaper showed mobile phones could heat the brain

2. According to this passage, we can know that _____.

A. the mobile phone is a most wonderful invention

B. there’s no need to worry about the radiation from mobile phones

C. something must be done to stop people using mobile phones

D. mobile phone companies shouldn’t cheat customers

3. What would be the best title for this passage? ______.

A. New Mobile Phones.                         B. Special Mobile Phones.

C. New Special Investigation: Mobile Phones.      D. New Investigation.

Have you ever had the strange feeling that you were being watched? You turned around and, sure enough, someone was looking right at you!

Parapsychologists (灵学家) say that humans have a natural ability to sense when someone is looking at them. To research whether such a “sixth sense” really exists, Robert Baker, a psychologist at the University of Kentucky, performed two experiments.

In the first one, Baker sat behind unknowing people in public places and stared at the backs of their heads for 5 to 15 minutes. The subjects were eating, drinking, reading, studying, watching TV, or working at a computer. Baker made sure that the people could not tell that he was sitting behind them during those periods. Later, when he questioned the subjects, almost all of them said they had no sense that someone was staring at them.

For the second experiment, Baker told the subjects that they would be stared at from time to time from behind a two way mirror in a laboratory setting. The people had to write down when they felt they were being stared at and when they weren’t. Baker found that the subjects were no better at telling when they were stared at and when they weren’t. and they were no better at telling when they were stared at than if they had just guessed.

Baker concludes that people do not have the ability to sense when they’re being stared at. If people doubt the outcome of his two experiments, said baker, “I suggest they repeat the experiments and see for themselves.”

1.The purpose of the two experiments is to                                 .

2.In the first experiment, the subjects                             .

3.What can be learned from the passage?

Professor Barry Wellman of the University of Toronto in Canada has invented a term to describe the way many North Americans interact these days. The  1  is "networked individualism". This concept is not  2  to understand because the words seem to have opposite meanings. How can we be individuals and be networked  3  ? You need other people for  4 .

Here is  5  Professor Wellman means.  6  the invention of the Internet and email, our social networks  7  live interactions with relatives, neighbors and colleagues at work. Some of the  _8  was by phone, but it was still voice to voice, person to person, in  9  time.

A recent  10  by the Pew Internet and American Life Project  11  that for a lot of people, electronic interaction through the computer has  12  the person-to-person interaction. However, a lot of people interviewed for the Pew's study  13  that's a good thing. Why?

In the past , many people were  14  that the Internet isolated (孤立) us and caused us to _15  too much time in the imaginary world of the computer. But the Pew's study discovered that the _16  is true. The Internet  17  us with more real people than expected --  18  people who can give advice on careers, medical problems, raising children, and choosing a school or college. About 60 million Americans told Pew that the Internet  19  an important role in helping them make major life decisions.

Thanks to the computer, "networked individuals" are able to be  20  and together with other people -- at the same time!

1. A. saying           B. term               C. concept           D. meaning

2. A. difficult          B. different            C. easy                 D. surprising

3. A. at the same time   B. at once                     C. all the time           D. once in a while

4. A. job            B. food                C. help                D. networks

5. A. what             B. how               C. where              D. which

6. A. After            B. With               C. Before             D. As

7. A. included          B. contained           C. formed           D. affected

8. A. appointment       B. interaction          C. invitations          D. doings

9. A. true             B. right             C. wrong            D. real

10. A. experiment      B. study              C. interview           D. work

11. A. showed        B. suggested           C. learned             D. added

12. A. ensured               B. removed            C. replaced            D. exchanged

13. A. say           B. discuss             C. talk              D. speak

14. A. excited        B. surprised           C. shocked            D. worried

15. A. take            B. spend              C. cost              D. stay

16. A. opposite          B. thing               C. outcome            D. effect

17. A. connects       B. offers              C. shares              D. informs

18. A. thankful       B. considerate          C. helpful             D. friendly

19. A. finds           B. plays               C. catches             D. possesses

20. A. united           B. social              C. separated           D. alone

It is Saturday afternoon．You and your friends are planning to go to the movies and then spend the night together． Just as you start to get ready, your dad reminds you it is your aunt's birthday and the whole family is going out to dinner to celebrate．How can this possibly end without a huge argument?

One of the greatest sources of tension（紧张情绪）between teenagers and their families is the struggle to balance personal desires with family expectations．As you are getting older，you are  becoming more independent and more interested in being with your friends．

However，at the same time，your family is trying to figure out how to deal with these changes． While you once spent most of your free time with your family，you are now often absent from home．Parents may get their feelings hurt．Or they might feel that they are losing control of their family during this period．You might feel angry that so many family demands are placed on you．

There are a few things you can try to make it a little easier to ease（缓解）the tension．

* Make your plans in advance．Ask your parents if there is anything else planned at that time．

* When something with your friends interferes（干扰；冲突）with a family event，try to figure out if there is any way you can do both．

* Suggest something you would really like to do with your family．Sometimes parents feel better just knowing their teenager wants to spend time with them．

Some of the time you won’t be happy with the outcome（结果）．You might either have to disappoint your parents or have to miss out being with your friends．However，if you show consideration（体谅）for the feelings of both your family and your friends，you can solve the problem in a tender way．

1.

The purpose of the first paragraph is to _________．

2.

The tension between teenagers and their families is caused by the fact that____________．

3.

Which of the following is NOT the advice given in the passage?

4.            

What’s the purpose of the passage?

For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies----and other creatures----learn to do things because certain acts lead to “rewards”; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological (生理的) “drive” as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.
It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.
Paousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to “reward” the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children’s response in situation where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement “switched on a display of lights---- and indeed that they were able to learn quite complicated turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side.
Papousek’s light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would turn back to watch the lights closely although they would “smile and bubble” when the display came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of lights which pleased them, it was the success that they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a primary human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.
72.According to the author, babies learn to do things which ____.
A. are directly related to pleasure          B. will meet their physical needs
C. will bring them a feeling of success          D. will satisfy their curiosity
73.Papousek noticed in the studies that a baby ____.
A. would make learned response when it saw the milk
B. would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drink
C. would continue the simple movements without being given milk
D. would turn its head to right or life when it had enough to drink
74.In Papousek’s experiment babies make learned movements of the head in order to ____.
A. have the lights turned on              B. be rewarded with milk
C. please their parents                   D. be praised
75.According to Papousek, the pleasure babies get in achieving is a reflection of ____.
A. a basic human desire to understand and control the world
B. the satisfaction of certain physiological needs
C. their strong desire to solve complex problem
D. an important human urge to display their learned skills