阅读表达 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题。（请注意问题后的字数要求）。

Many students find it hard to make friends when they are in high school. Keeping my suggestions in mind may give you a hand. They certainly helped me, and by the end of my three years of high school, I had formed my group of friends, with whom I still keep in touch now.

Here are my tips:

Say hello anytime I see an acquaintance（相识的人）.

Because I was always smiling and greeting the people I knew, people naturally thought I was friendly（though I am not naturally sociable）. And high school students want to be friends with sociable people.

Take the first step.

All the girls there already knew each other—they didn't need another friend. But I did, so I had to make the effort. I had to be the first one to invite somebody to go to a movie with me, or come to my house. Once I did that they started to respond with the same thing.

Use classes to get to know people.

I met most of my first friends because I sat next to them in class. Class（before, after, or even during class time）is a great opportunity to begin a conversation. For example, ask for help about homework.

Make friends slowly.

I couldn't get discouraged (泄气的) when it took a while to make friends．It really takes some time to make new friends. In a word, ________________________.

　Above all, remember that it can and will get better. You may have to work a little to make your high school experience a great one, but it's really worth it!

1. For what purpose does the writer write this passage?（Please answer within 15 words.）

____________________________________________________________________

2. Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one?

I was believed to be sociable because of my friendly attitude towards others．

_____________________________________________________________________

3.Fill in the blank with a sentence.（Please answer within 10 words.）  _____________________________________________________________________

4. Which piece of advice does the following sentence belong to? (Write in detail)

Everybody should make friends patiently in high school.　

____________________________________________________________________

5.Translate the underlined sentence in the first paragraph into Chinese.　　  ___________________________________________________________________

 

??       Before I went to senior middle school,some peoples told                         1.       

me,“A life of senior middle school is unforgettable.”                                     2.       

While I first entered my senior middle school,everything                               3.       

seemed unpleasant.Face all the strange things around me,                               4.       

I often miss my old friends and classmates.I didn’t want                               5.       

to talk others or make friends with others.Little by little,my                           6.       

school record went from bad to worse,especially my                                     7.        

maths.I couldn’t even pass the exam.I lost the heart and                                 8.       

missed the happy times all day long.I told me,“I don’t                                   9.       

belong to it.I don’t like the life here.”                                                          10.       

A community garden is a shared garden. A group of people get together and share a piece of land for their garden. This could be an empty place, or simply one at a neighbor's house.

Community gardens are not limited to urban locations. Many rural communities share garden space as well . Some communities will divide their garden into individual plots and others will work on the entire garden together. You may find some community gardens on rooftops. This provides a platform for city citizen, where they can communicate with nature even when there no yard space.

community garden can be used to grow flowers and other plants as well as produce. Some community gardeners choose to sell their homegrown goods. Others choose to use it themselves and some do a combination of both . Some community gardeners donate part of their produce to local food banks . Besides, homegrown produce is also much fresher and tastier.

When you belong to a community garden it also gives you a chance to socialize with your neighbor. You'll develop a better sense of involvement and belonging. You'll be communicating with people of similar interests, as well as people with different ideas .Community gardening often leads to setting up other community projects.

It brings a sense of achievement to know that you've taken apiece of waste land and turned it into something beautiful .The entire neighborhood will enjoy the benefits of your bard work.

A community garden is an opportunity for education as well .You may learn from your fellow gardeners .You can also ask local children to join you .This gives them a way to show their creativity and keep them busy, and points them in the right direction.

1.People can find a community garden________

A．near the river

B．only in rural areas

C．only in urban locations

D．both in rural and urban communities

2.Which of the following is NOT one of the benefits of the community garden?

A．A sense of achievement.

B．A sense of involvement and belonging

C．An opportunity for education

D．A method to ease urban crowdedness

3.According to the passage, a community garden_________

A．will replace other community projects

B．is especially suitable for rural areas

C．can sometimes be on the top of a roof

D．can only be shared where there is no yard space

4.What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk abort?

A. The produce of a community garden.

B. The location of a community garden.

C The definition of a community garden

D. The popularity of a community garden.

5.It can be learned from the passage that a community garden can __________

A. make it unnecessary to go shopping

B improve your study a lot at school

C. make you richer and healthier

D. help you to avoid feeling lonely

 

Nineteenth-century writers in the United States, whether they wrote novels, short stories, poems or plays, were powerfully drawn to the railroad in its golden years. In fact, writers responded to the railroads as soon as the first were built in the 1830’s. By the 1850’s, the railroad was a major presence in the life of the nation. Writers such as Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David saw the railroad both as a boon(要求) to democracy(民主国家) and as an object of suspicion. The railroad could be and was a despoiler(掠夺者) of nature, furthermore, in its manifestation of speed and noise. It might be a despoiler of human nature as well. By the 1850’s and 1860’s, there was a great distrust among writer and intellectuals of the rapid industrialization of which the railroad was a leading force. Deeply philosophical historians such as Henry Adams lamented the role that the new frenzy for business was playing in eroding traditional values. A distrust of industry and business continued among writers throughout the rest of the nineteenth century and into the twentieth.

　 For the most part, the literature in which the railroad plays and important role belong to popular culture rather than to the realm of serious art. One thinks of melodramas, boys’ books, thrillers, romances, and the like rather than novels of the first rank. In the railroads’ prime years, between 1890 and 1920, there were a few individuals in the United States, most of them with solid railroading experience behind them, who made a profession of writing about railroading—works offering the ambience of stations, yards, and locomotive cabs. These writers, who can genuinely be said to have created a genre, the “railroad novel”, are now mostly forgotten, their names having faded from memory. But anyone who takes the time to consult their fertile writings will still find a treasure trove of information about the place of the railroad in the life of the United States.

The underlined word “it” in the passage refers to______.

　　A. railroad 　　B. manifestation　　 C. speed 　　D. nature

In the first paragraph, the author implies that writers’ reactions to the development of railroads were______.

　　A. highly enthusiastic 　 B. both positive and negative　  C. unchanging　 　D. Disinterested

According to the passage, the railroad played a significant role in literature in all of the following kinds of books except_______.　

A. thrillers 　 B. boys’ books　　C. romances　　D. important novels

The phrase “first rank” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to______.

A. largest category(类别) 　B. highest quality　  C. earliest writers 　D. most difficult language

Which of the following topics is the main idea of passage?

A. The role of the railroad in the economy of the USA　

B. Major nineteenth century writers

C. The conflict between expanding industry and preserving nature

D. The railroad as a subject for literature

For as long as humans have lived on the earth, they have made use of various forms of communication. Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech. When there is a spoken language problem, communication can be carried out through sign language, in which gestures stand for letters, words, and ideas. Tourists and people unable to hear or speak have often had to turn to this form of expression. When gestures describe words or ideas, they can often be used internationally. When used for spelling words however, where each gesture stands for a single letter, people must share the same written language.

Body language sends ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either meaningfully or not. A wink can be a way of showing that the person is only joking. A nod means agreement, while shaking the head indicates disagreement.

Other forms of language can be found in Braille (a reading system of raised dots read with the fingertips used by the blind), signal flags, Morse code, and smoke signals. Road maps and picture signs also guide and warn people. While language is the most common form of communication, other systems and techniques also express human thoughts and feelings.

What does the author mainly want to say?

A. People can communicate in many different ways.

B. Everybody uses only one form of communication.

C. Language is invaluable to foreigners.

D. Non-spoken communication is of little value.

According to the text, which part of the body can be used to show you are joking?

    A. Fingers.               B. Eyes.         C. Head.             D. Feet.

What can’t be effectively communicated by sign language when people belong to different language groups?

       A. Spelling.           B. Idea.         C. Whole words.         D. Expressions.

How many different forms of communication are mentioned in the text?

       A. Three.             B. Five.              C. Six.                    D. Nine.