重点词汇 考点一 spread [基础过关] spread 动词.意思为:展开.铺开.散布.扩大.延伸. The bird spread its wings. 那只鸟展开了翅膀 Filies spread disease. 苍蝇传播疾病. [拓展延伸] spread sth.with sth. 用-----抹.涂.铺------ He spreaded the bread with butter.他把黄油抹在面包上. spread A on B 把------抹.涂.铺 在------ He spreaded butter on the bread. 他把黄油抹在面包上 spread like wildfine 快速传开.蔓延 The disease spreaded like wildfine.这种病快速传开 [典型例题] Paper making began in China and to Europe. A. spread B. grew C. carried D. developed [答案]A.造纸术起源于中国.又传播到了欧洲.Spread.传播 [点拨]近义词的辨析 考点二 harmful [基础过关] harmful 形容词.有害的 be harmful to 对----有害的 The air here is harmful to our health. 这里的空气对我们有害 [拓展延伸] do harm to 对----构成伤害 The bad habit will do harme to you .====The bad habit will do you harm. 这个坏习惯将会对你有害 [典型例题] Pollution is especially harmful animals. A. to B. for C. in D.with [答案]D 考查固定词组. [点拨]be harmful to 对----造成伤害 考点三 method [基础过关] method 名词.方法 He has introduced a new method of teaching. 他引进了一种新的教学方法. What is the most effective method of birth control? 控制出生率的最有效的方法是什么? [拓展延伸] 用这种方法的几种表达方式: by this means用这种方法 I worked out the problem by this means.我用这种方法解出了这道题 in this way You can’t do it in this way. 你不能用这种方法做 with this method I worked out the problem with this method.我用这种方法解出了这道题 [典型例题] Every possible means tried. A.has been B. have been C. is D. are [答案]A.考察该单词的单复数问题 [点拨]means 的单复数同形.关键是看它前面的修饰限定词 考点四 exist [基础过关] exist 不及物动词.存在 Man can’t live without air.没有空气.人类无法生存 [拓展延伸] There exist----===There is---- 有---表存在 There exist a high tower in the city. 这个城市里有一个高塔 exist on===live on靠-----生存 They exist on very little food. 他们靠及少的食物生存 extinct===die out 消失.灭绝 Many animals has extincted. 很多动物灭绝了 [典型例题] exist a river in my hometown. A.There B. It C.The D. We [答案]A.考察固定的句式 [点拨]There exist----表示存在.有---- 考点五 force [基础过关] force 名词.力.力量.武力.动词.强迫.强加 He forced the door open with all his force. 他用尽全力推开那扇门 He took the money by force. 他强夺了那笔钱 We forced the enemy back to the boder. 我们迫使敌人退回到边境 [拓展延伸] force sb to do sth===force sb into doing 强迫某人做----- They forced him to signed the paper. 他们强迫他签了文件 force sth on sb 把----强加在某人身上 Don’t force your idea on me. 别把你的观点强加与我 [典型例题] The door was forced . A.to be open B. open C. being open D.to be opened [答案]B考查单词的句式结构 [点拨]force---open把----撞开 考点六 depend on/upon [基础过关] depend on 取决于.依赖.信赖 Health depends on food. 健康取决于食物 Children depend on their parents for food and clothes.孩子靠父母获得衣食 [拓展延伸] depend on sb to do sth===depend on sb’s doing sth. 相信某人会做-----.指望某人能做---- You can depend on me to go there with you .你相信我会和你一起去那里的 depend on it that---- 相信---指望----- You can depend on it that he will help us. 你要相信他会帮我们的 It (all) depends.===That (all)depends. 很难说.看情况 -----Will you come back this afternoon? 你下午回来吗? ----It all depends. 说不准 [典型例题] You may depend on that Alice will do the job well. A. her B. it C. this D. everything. [答案]C 考查动词短语的固定句式 [点拨]记忆这些固定的句式 考点七 in time [基础过关] in time 及时,早晚会---. The doctor came in time to save the boy. 医生及时赶来救了那个孩子 You will succeed in time. 你迟早会成功的 [拓展延伸] in no time 立刻.马上. I jumped into the river in no time.我立刻跳到了水中 at any time 随时 You can ask for help at any time. 你可以随时寻求帮助 at one time 曾经 I lost myself at one time.曾经一度我迷失了我自己 at times 有时 At times I go to the playground to run. 有时我去操场跑步 of the time 当代的. He is the greast musician of the time.他是当代最伟大的音乐家 [典型例题] He will see what is right . A. in time B. on time C. at time D. at once. [答案]A 考查介词短语的词义. [点拨]按照句意.区分词义即可. 考点八 break out [基础过关] break out The fire broke out at midnight.半夜起火 [拓展延伸] come about 发生.相当与happen, take place.后面不可以给宾语.也不可以使用被动语态.How did it come about that you got lost?你怎么会迷路了哪? happen 强调偶然发生 take place 指按计划.按安排发生 break out 多用于指战争.火灾.疾病.疫情的突然爆发 occur 常用于句式: sth occurs to sb 以上这些单词和短语的主语都不可以是人.也不可以用于被动语态 [典型例题] How did it that you failed in the exam. A. come about B. occur C. take place D. break out [答案]A. [点拨]近义词的固定句式的用法 【
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