C

So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake everything to do for children that only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that “reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”.

Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also a public activity. It can be seen and observed.

Learning to read, however, involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny.

If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest (探索) for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.”

When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.

1.The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that

________.

A．it is one of the most difficult school courses

B．students spend endless hours in reading

C．reading tasks are assigned with little guidance

D．too much time is spent in teaching about reading

2.The teaching of reading will be successful if ________.

A．teachers can improve conditions at school for the students

B．teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading

C．teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading

D．teachers can make their teaching activities observable

3.The underlined word “scrutiny” most probably means “________”.

A．inquiry           B．observation        C．control           D．suspect

4.According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when

________.

A．children become highly motivated

B．teacher and learner roles are interchangeable

C．teaching helps children in the search for knowledge

D．reading enriches children’s experience

5. The main idea of the passage is that ________.

A．teachers should do nothing in helping students learn to read

B．teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible

C．reading ability is something acquired rather than taught

D．reading is more complicated than generally believed

 

Linda Evans was my best friend—like the sister I never had. We did everything together: piano lessons, movies, swimming, horseback riding.
When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special time—like my wedding (婚礼) and Linda’s. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back, stamped “Address (地址) Unknown. ” I had no idea how to find Linda.
Over the years, I missed Linda very much. I wanted to share (分享) happiness of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.
One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was Wagman — Linda’s married name. “There must be thousands of Wagmans,” I thought, but I still wrote to her.
She called as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs Tobin!” she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother. ”
Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years, laughed and cried and caught up on each other’s lives. Now the empty place in my heart is filled. And there’s one thing that Linda and I know for sure: We won’t lose each other again!
【小题1】The writer went to piano lessons with Linda Evans _______.

A．at the age of 13	B．before she got married
C．after they moved to new homes	D．before the writer’s family moved away

【小题2】They didn’t often write to each other because they _______.

A．got married	B．had little time to do so
C．didn’t like writing letters	D．could see each other on special time

【小题3】There was an empty place in the writer’s heart be­cause she _______.

A．was in trouble

B．didn’t know Linda’s address

C．received the card that she sent

D．didn’t have a friend like Linda to share her happi­ness or sadness

【小题4】They haven’t kept in touch _______.

A．for about 40 years	B．for about 27 years
C．since they got married	D．since the writer’s family moved away

Research at the University of Liverpool, UK, has found that Shakespeare’s language stimulates positive brain activity.

Shakespeare uses a linguistic（语言的）technique known as functional change that involves, for example, using a noun to serve as a verb．Researchers found that this technique allows the brain to understand what a word means before it understands the function of the word within a sentence．This process causes a sudden peak in brain activity and forces the brain to work backwards in order to fully understand what Shakespeare is trying to say.

Professor Philip Davis, from the university’s School of English, said: “The brain reacts to reading a phrase such as ‘he godded me’ from the tragedy of Coriolanus, in a similar way to putting a jigsaw puzzle（拼图玩具）together．If it is easy to see which pieces fit together you become bored of the game．But if the pieces don’t appear to fit, when we know they should, the brain becomes excited．By throwing irregular words into seemingly normal sentences, Shakespeare surprises the brain in a manner that produces a sudden burst of activity — a sense of drama created out of the simplest of things.”

Experts believe that this heightened brain activity may be one of the reasons why Shakespeare’s plays have such a dramatic impact on their readers.

Professor Neil Roberts, from the university’s Magnetic Resonance and Image Analysis Research Center, and Professor Davis, together with Dr Guillaune Thierry, from the University of Wales, UK, monitored 20 participants using an electroencephalogram (EEG) as they read selected lines from Shakespeare’s plays.

“The brain signal is relatively stable when we understand the meaning of a word but when the word changes the grammar of the whole sentence, brain readings suddenly peak．The brain is then forced to retrace its thinking process in order to understand what it is supposed to make of this unusual word,” explains Professor Roberts.

1.The research conducted by the professors has showed that ___________.

A．Shakespeare uses functional change to mislead readers

B．Shakespeare’s language excites positive brain activity.

C．Shakespeare’s plays have a dramatic effect on their readers.

D．Shakespeare’s language makes the brain signal relatively stable

2.Which of the following words can replace the underlined pronoun “it” in the 2nd paragraph?

A．technique       B．word        C．brain       C．sentence

3.In the 3rd paragraph, the example of a jigsaw puzzle is used here to state___________.

A．the function of Shakespeare’s linguistic technique

B．a sense of drama created by playing the game

C．the Shakespeare’s thinking process

D．the brain’s reaction to reading a book

4.Based on the research, Shakespeare’s plays have a great effect on their reader lies in_______.

A．language used in plays

B．characters showed in works

C．brain activity increased in reading

D．thinking process when writing

 

 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways . 1 Second , your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test . Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest .

    You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report . 2 Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process. 3

    The following methods may work best for you.

    ·Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it.

    ·Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts.

    ·Write your notes in your own words.

    ·4

    ·Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written.

    As you take notes ,you may want to use your own shorthand (速记). When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time. 5

    A. Use words, not complete sentences.

    B. There are three practical note-taking methods.

    C. You must write your notes on separate paper.

    D. Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later.

    E. You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.

    F. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.

    G. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.

每年的4月23日是“世界读书日”。尽管在科技日益发达的今天，人们获取知识与信息的途径有很多，我们还是鼓励更多的人阅读。 请以Reading—A Bright Way to A Better life为题写一篇英语作文，要点包括下表中的信息。

阅读的好处	阅读需要	考生您
操作灵活，便于获取信息；扩大视野，客观认识自然和社会。	选择内容 良好习惯 长期坚持	喜欢阅读的内容（概括）……
提升自身素养，利于人际交流；丰富生活，带来欢乐。		坚持阅读的体会…
更好生存的手段。

　　注意：1. 词数150左右。
2. 不要纯粹照点翻译。
3. 文中不能出现真实姓名。
Reading—A Bright Way to A Better life
Knowledge may be acquired through many ways, the best of which is reading. In the age of high technology, reading deserves to be paid attention to.