第三部分   阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节   阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列四篇短文，从每题所给的四个选现（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Weighed down（压得喘不过气来） by study? Pushed to the limit by the fast pace of life? Frightened by the possible war? Well, you’re not alone. Men and women in France are seeking relief using the world’s best medicine─laughter.

In the past year, more than 25 laughter clubs have been set up across the country. People of all ages release their stress with an hour of group laughs. “People telephoned me and said they have forgotten what it is to laugh. They want to find a place where they can escape all their problems for a while. So they come,” said 40-year-old Jocelyn Le Moan. She usually takes a class of around 60 people through a series of laughter techniques.

Her pupils range from teenagers to 70 years old, but most are middle-aged white collars seeking 60 minutes of relaxation at the end of a busy day.

Le Moan takes them through the “Lion Laugh” and the “Laugh Contest”, where participants “speak” to each other in different ways. And instead of talking, they break into fits of laughter. At the end there are 15 minutes of “meditation”（沉思）,when they lie on their backs and let the laughs burst out of their mouths.

“I love it. It’s an experience that has changed my life. Through it I rediscovered the child’s laugh inside me,” said Romain Jourffroy, 24.

Like Jourffroy, many laughter club members find themselves changed into children again, and why not? The average preschooler laughs up to 400 times a day. The average adult only a sad seven to fifteen.

The physical benefits of laughter are already well-recognized. Doctors say the act of laughing releases good chemicals into the blood-stream, while the quick breathing that accompanies it helps massage（按摩）the digestive organs and strengthens the heart.

“A full hour is like having your insides go jogging! One finishes out of breath, but feels revitalized (产生新活力). And on top of that, you’ve had a laugh,” said doctor Alexisd Estaing.

And many participants in Paris also emphasize the psychological benefits. They believe that laughter is a way of making oneself feel more confident.

“Maybe it is because we are surrounded by so many troubles that we feel the need to keep laughing,” said Anne Maurigiano, a 29-year-old filmmaker.

1.      From the passage, we can conclude the following but __________.

       A. Jocelyn Le Moan is a teacher of the club.

       B. the members are mostly middle-aged white collars.

       C. people always need some way to relax in life.

       D. laugh freely and everything goes well.

2.    The writer suggested that you should __________.

       A. have a good laugh after a busy day

       B. talk to each other about what troubles you

       C. learn series of laughter techniques

       D. take the world’s best medicine

3.      Which of the following is NOT included among the benefits of laughing ?

       A. It can make people rediscover their children’s laugh.

       B. It can release good chemical into blood-stream.

       C. It can make you feel self-confident.

       D. It can cure the illness of people.

4. What does the phrase “on the top of that ” mean?

       A. besides                                                       B. on the top of tiredness

C. above all                                                        D. on the top of your energy

 

语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31~40的相应位置上。

My father woke me  31          early in summer morning when I was fourteen and announced: “ Get up. You’re going to with me to cut the grass.”

The idea  32          my father actually thought I was big enough to help him in his business made me feel proud and  33           (excite). From sunup to sundown my father, my young brother and I worked in the large yards in a rich part of Atlanta, Georgia. By the end of the day I was tired out, 34           I felt good. I had put in a hard day’s labor and had earned $6.

One day my father found some leaves I’d missed and pull me aside. “Clear away these  35           , ”he said firmly , “ and don’t make me have to tell you to do it again.” The message was clear. Today I value the importance of doing a job right the first time. It will never fail to impress the person you are working  36          .

After two years my father told my brother and me that he felt that we were old enough to do lawns on our  37          . Every Saturday during our last two years of high school, we set out early in the morning with the same desire and drive we had gained while  38          (work) under our father.

Taking care of lawns was not exciting or high-paying, but that didn’t matter. It taught me that any job is a good job and that whatever I was paid was            39           than I had before.

In every job I’ve held-from dong lawns to  40           dishes-I have learned something that helped me in my next job. If you work hard enough, you can learn from any job you do.

 

Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic（流行病） of sleepiness in the nation．“I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to,” says Dr．David．Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest．

    The beginning of our sleep-deficit（lack）crises can be traced back to the invention of the light bulb a century ago．From diary entries and our personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night．“The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark．” By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock．“People cheat in their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it,” says Dr．David．“They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even more to feel ideally energetic. ”

    Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researches say, is the complexity of the day．Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community increase, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on their programs．“In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you need only 5．5 hours’ sleep．If you’ve got to get 8．5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition．”

    To determine the consequences of sleep-deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier．“We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers,” says Dr．David．“Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate．”

1.What is the main topic of the passage?

    A. The history of people’s sleeping patterns．

    B. The epidemic of sleepiness in the modern times．

    C. Research on the causes and consequences of sleep-deficit．

    D. The minimum of our sleeping hours．

2.Which of the following is Dr．David’s opinion?

    A. People’s metal power suffers if they are lacking in sleep．

    B. Some people can remain energetic with only 6．5 hours’ sleep a night．

    C. If they get 8．5 hours’ sleep, people will be full of drive and ambition．

    D. People who think they are sleeping enough are better off than those who don't．

3.People in the 18th and 19th centuries slept about 9．5 hours a night because _______．

    A. they had no electricity

    B. they knew what was best for their health

    C. they were forced by their parents to do so

    D. they were not so dynamic and ambitious as modern people are

4.The major cause of sleep-deficit of modern people is _______．

    A. the endless TV programs in the evenings and the internet

    B. the heavy work load of the day

    C. the sufficient energy modern people usually have

    D. loud noises in the modern cities

5.What does the word “subjects” in paragraph 4 mean?

    A. Person or thing that is being discussed or described．

    B. Branch of knowledge studied in a school．

    C. Person or thing being treated in a certain way or being experimented on．

    D. Any member of a State apart from the supreme ruler．

 

 

第二节   信息匹配（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）

    请将标有A—G的句子插入文章中标号为66—70的适合位置，使这篇文章意义完整，结构连贯。 (请将该部分答案写在答题纸上)

     Being healthy means taking care of yourself physically and mentally. Here are some of my best tips on how to do both:

Break a bad habit.

You don’t really “break” habits. __66__. So if your problem is that you eat too much when you get home from work, find something new to do that is incompatible（不能共存的）with what you usually do. You can’t walk around the track at the school and pig out in your kitchen at the same time.

Grow your marriage.

__67__. It’s always a give-and-take, always requires work. It’s as if you planted a garden and came back six months later─you wouldn’t even be able to find it. __68__.

Beat stress.

My dog, Maggie, is the best anti-stress tool I have. A few minutes petting, scratching or playing with her, and __69__. Exercise also helps. Just about every day, I’m on the tennis court. It’s a great workout, and if I don’t have that, I don’t cope as well, sleep as well or think as well.

Refocus your anger.

Expressing your anger is just not that good an idea. You say things you don’t mean. __70__. When you do that, you’re a problem solver.

Don’t medicate(掺入药) with food.

It never, ever works. You’re denying your issue by eating your way through it, instead of saying, “Hey, I’ve got a problem.”

 

A.     You replace the unwanted behavior with something that prevents you from doing it and that doesn’t have

unhealthy side effects.

B.     I’ll feel easy.

C.     If there is a problem, you needn’t deal with it immediately.

D.     You have to tend it, feed it, weed it, and deal with the problems.

E.      Instead, recognize that anger is usually a symptom of hurt, fear or frustration, and deal with the causes rather than blow up.

F.      Relationships are negotiated（协商）, and the negotiation never stops.

G.     You do something without any good effect on your health during the time when you usually do something harmful to your body.

 

First the ground shook in Haiti, then Chile and Turkey. The earthquakes keep coming hard and fast this year, causing people to wonder if something evil (邪恶的) is happening underfoot.

It’s not.

While it may seem as if there are more earthquakes occurring, there really aren’t. the problem is what’s happening above ground, not underground, experts say.

More people are moving into big cities that happen to be built in quake zones, and they’re rapidly putting up buildings that can’t withstand (经受) earthquakes, scientists believe.

And around-the-clock news coverage (报道) and better earthquake monitoring make it seem as if earthquakes are ever-present.

“I can definitely tell you that the world is not coming to an end,” said Bob Holdsworth, an expert in tectonics (筑造学) at Durharn University in the UK.

A 7.0 magnitude quake in January killed more than 230,000 people in Haiti. Last month, an 8.8 magnitude quake--- the fifth-strongest since 1900—killed more than 900 people in Chile. And two weeks ago, a 6.0 magnitude quake struck rural eastern Turkey, killing at least 57 people.

On average, there are 134 earthquakes a year that have a magnitude between 6.0 and 6.9, according to the US Geological Survey. This year is off to a fast start with 40 so far—more than in most years for that time period.

But that’s because the 8.8 quake in Chile generated a large number of strong aftershocks, and so many quakes this early in the year skews (扭曲) the picture, said Paul Earle, a US seismologist (地震学家).

Also, it’s not the number of quakes, but their devastating (破坏性的) impacts that gain attention, with the death tolls (死亡人数) largely due to construction standards and crowding, Earle added. “The standard mantra (咒语) is earthquakes don’t kill people, buildings do, ” he said.

There have been more deaths over the past decades from earthquakes, said University of Colorado geologist Roger Bilham. In an opinion column last month in the journal Nature, Bilham called for better construction standards in the world’s big cities.

Of the 130 cities worldwide with populations of more than 1 million, more than half are prone (倾向于) to earthquakes, Bilham said.

Developing nations, where populations are booming, don’t pay attention to earthquake preparedness, Bilham said.” If you have a problem feeding yourself, you’re not really going to worry about earthquakes.”

Another reason quakes seem worse is that we’re paying attention more. The Haiti earthquake quickly followed by the 8.8 in Chile made everyone start to think.

But it won’t last, said US disaster researcher Deniis Mileti. “People are paying attention to the violent planet we’ve always lived on,” Mileti said.” Come back in another six months if there has been no earthquakes, most people will have forgotten it again. ”

73. What is the main idea of the article?

A. The number of earthquakes is increasing this year.     

B. The reasons why earthquakes are so devastating.

C. The reasons why recent earthquakes have struck large cities.

D. Why earthquakes seem to be more serious this year.

74. Which of the following is NOT a reason for the seeming increase in earthquakes this year，

according to the article?

A. Greater underground activity.      

B. A larger number of buildings prone to damage during earthquakes.

C. Around-the-clock news coverage.   

D. Better earthquake monitoring.

75. According to the article, it is safe to say that ______.

A. there is an evil force beneath the world’s surface

B. large cities are always built in quake zones

C. enough attention has been paid to reducing the impact of earthquakes

D. the earthquake in Chili caused many aftershocks.

76. According to the article, the greater damage of earthquakes this year can be mainly caused by ______.

A. the occurrence of larger earthquakes

B. insufficient warnings about earthquakes

C. poor construction standards and overcrowding

D. an increase in large cities