Scientists are uncovering the secrets of two port cities lost under the waters of the Mediterranean Sea, a researcher said yesterday.

Herakleion and Menouthis were rich and proud cities until something reduced them to rubble (碎石) and buried them in the mud beneath 30 feet of sea water, French underwater explorer Franck Goddio said at the American Geophysical Union conference.

“This is a mystery that is ongoing,” said Goddio, a founder of the European Institute of Marine Archeology, a Paris-based underwater research organization backed by the wealthy Hilti Foundation of Liechtenstein(列支敦士登基金会).

The destruction of the twin port cities has haunted Goddio ever since he happened upon the site about 15 miles from Alexandria while exploring sunken ships from Napoleon’s fleet.

Goddio and his group of expert divers, marine archeologists(海洋考古学家) and others, are using high powered vacuums, satellite navigation systems and sophisticated sonar(声纳) to excavate(挖掘) the sunken cities from underneath a carpet of silt about one meter (three feet) high.

Walls of shops, remains of streets and gold artifacts have been found and recovered.

Some experts believe that the port cities were destroyed by a series of massive earthquakes, much like the quakes scientists believe felled Troy(特洛伊城), Jericho and other ancient cities. The uniform direction of the collapsed columns and walls suggest an earthquake, Goddio said, but no fault lines have been found nearby.

Other researchers believe a massive wave, caused by either an offshore earthquake or a distant underwater landslide, could explain the catastrophe. Still others think rising seas and a shift in the Nile River outlet doomed the cities.

“The argument, as you can see, continues,” Goddio said.

1. The reason why the two port cities disappeared under the waters of Mediterranean Sea is that ______.

A. the two port cities were destroyed by huge earthquakes

B. the disappearance of the two port cities was caused by underwater landslide

C. rising seas and a shift in the Nile River outlet doomed the cities

D. the story didn’t tell us at all

2. From the story we can draw a conclusion that _______.

A. the two port cities were famous for their wealth and the mystery

B. the two cities belonged to France

C. some mysterious creatures from other planets destroyed the two cities

D. the American Geophysical Union conference was once held in one of the two cities

3. This article is probably from _______.

A. a scientific magazine

B. a report to the government

C. a school text book

D. a scientific report in a newspaper

(1—3 DBD)

Scientists are uncovering the secrets of two port cities lost under the waters of the Mediterranean Sea, a researcher said yesterday.

Herakleion and Menouthis were rich and proud cities until something reduced them to rubble (碎石) and buried them in the mud beneath 30 feet of sea water, French underwater explorer Franck Goddio said at the American Geophysical Union conference.

“This is a mystery that is ongoing,” said Goddio, a founder of the European Institute of Marine Archeology, a Paris-based underwater research organization backed by the wealthy Hilti Foundation of Liechtenstein(列支敦士登基金会).

The destruction of the twin port cities has haunted Goddio ever since he happened upon the site about 15 miles from Alexandria while exploring sunken ships from Napoleon’s fleet.

Goddio and his group of expert divers, marine archeologists(海洋考古学家) and others, are using high powered vacuums, satellite navigation systems and sophisticated sonar(声纳) to excavate(挖掘) the sunken cities from underneath a carpet of silt about one meter (three feet) high.

Walls of shops, remains of streets and gold artifacts have been found and recovered.

Some experts believe that the port cities were destroyed by a series of massive earthquakes, much like the quakes scientists believe felled Troy(特洛伊城), Jericho and other ancient cities. The uniform direction of the collapsed columns and walls suggest an earthquake, Goddio said, but no fault lines have been found nearby.

Other researchers believe a massive wave, caused by either an offshore earthquake or a distant underwater landslide, could explain the catastrophe. Still others think rising seas and a shift in the Nile River outlet doomed the cities.

“The argument, as you can see, continues,” Goddio said.

The reason why the two port cities disappeared under the waters of Mediterranean Sea is that ______.

A. the two port cities were destroyed by huge earthquakes

B. the disappearance of the two port cities was caused by underwater landslide

C. rising seas and a shift in the Nile River outlet doomed the cities

D. the story didn’t tell us at all

From the story we can draw a conclusion that _______.

A. the two port cities were famous for their wealth and the mystery

B. the two cities belonged to France

C. some mysterious creatures from other planets destroyed the two cities

D. the American Geophysical Union conference was once held in one of the two cities

This article is probably from _______.

A. a scientific magazine

B. a report to the government

C. a school text book

D. a scientific report in a newspaper

Scientists are uncovering the secrets of two port cities lost under the waters of the Mediterranean Sea, a researcher said yesterday.

Herakleion and Menouthis were rich and proud cities until something reduced them to rubble (碎石) and buried them in the mud beneath 30 feet of sea water, French underwater explorer Franck Goddio said at the American Geophysical Union conference.

“This is a mystery that is ongoing,” said Goddio, a founder of the European Institute of Marine Archeology, a Paris-based underwater research organization backed by the wealthy Hilti Foundation of Liechtenstein(列支敦士登基金会).

The destruction of the twin port cities has haunted Goddio ever since he happened upon the site about 15 miles from Alexandria while exploring sunken ships from Napoleon’s fleet.

Goddio and his group of expert divers, marine archeologists(海洋考古学家) and others, are using high powered vacuums, satellite navigation systems and sophisticated sonar(声纳) to excavate(挖掘) the sunken cities from underneath a carpet of silt about one meter (three feet) high.

Walls of shops, remains of streets and gold artifacts have been found and recovered.

Some experts believe that the port cities were destroyed by a series of massive earthquakes, much like the quakes scientists believe felled Troy(特洛伊城), Jericho and other ancient cities. The uniform direction of the collapsed columns and walls suggest an earthquake, Goddio said, but no fault lines have been found nearby.

Other researchers believe a massive wave, caused by either an offshore earthquake or a distant underwater landslide, could explain the catastrophe. Still others think rising seas and a shift in the Nile River outlet doomed the cities.

“The argument, as you can see, continues,” Goddio said.

The reason why the two port cities disappeared under the waters of Mediterranean Sea is that ______.

A. the two port cities were destroyed by huge earthquakes

B. the disappearance of the two port cities was caused by underwater landslide

C. rising seas and a shift in the Nile River outlet doomed the cities

D. the story didn’t tell us at all

From the story we can draw a conclusion that _______.

A. the two port cities were famous for their wealth and the mystery

B. the two cities belonged to France

C. some mysterious creatures from other planets destroyed the two cities

D. the American Geophysical Union conference was once held in one of the two cities

This article is probably from _______.

A. a scientific magazine       B. a report to the government

C. a school text book         D. a scientific report in a newspaper

阅读理解

阅读下面短文，从每题所给四个选项中选出最佳答案。

　　Treating depression(抑郁症) in the elderly with both medication and psychotherapy(心理) reduces the chance that their depression will return, according to a new study.

　　All of the patients in the study were 60 years of age or older and were followed for three years after the initial depression had been successfully treated with the antidepressant nortriptyline and weekly therapy.

　　Only 20 percent of 22 elderly patients given monthly therapy along with nortriptyline had further bouts of depression in the three years after their initial depression was treated successfully.

　　By comparison, 43 percent of 24 patients given medication alone suffered a recurrence of depression, while 64 percent of 21 patients who received therapy alone had another time of depression.

　　“Depression in late life is common and a major source of disability. Nonetheless, it is very treatable and its return can be prevented, most effectively with a combination of medication and interpersonal therapy, said lead researcher Dr. Charles F. Reynolds III, professor of psychiatry and neuroscience(神经系统科学) at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center.

　　He suggested that managed－care organizations and medicare alike should pay for combination therapy.

　　The trend has been for insurance plans to pay for antidepressants but not for therapy, he said.

　　About one in six older persons seen in general medical practice, and even more of those living in hospitals and nursing homes, suffer from major depression, Reynolds said.

　　The elderly are vulnerable to depression because they are burdened with illness and may be abandoning certain abilities, such as driving.

　　The elderly also face the loss of loved ones and increasing social isolation. “Perhaps the most important message of this study is that the use of psychotherapy is important in older adults,” said Dr. Dan G. Blazer, professor of psychiatry at Duke University Medical center in Durham, N. C.

　　“While these findings are not a surprise to specialists, it is important that both primary care doctors and patients know the depression can be treated, and that the combination of medication and psychotherapy is superior to the effects of either alone.”

1．What is the best title of this passage?

[　　]

A．A new study in the field of medicine

B．Talk therapy best treat depression in elderly

C．The use of psychotherapy helps the society a lot

D．The elderly should not be isolated

2．Where does the article most probably appear?

[　　]

A．In a school textbook.

B．In a scientific magazine about medication.

C．In a letter written by a psychiatrist.

D．In a government report about the improvement of medication.

3．Which of the following statements is true according to the text?

[　　]

A．The present medical insurance is only targeted at antidepressants instead of other medications.

B．The elderly are especially vulnerable to social isolation.

C．More than one person out of six living in hospitals and nursing homes suffer from major depression.

D．Experts thought that the study was a surprise because it is a new discovery.

4．The article quoted two professors' words in order to ________.

[　　]

A．tell people that they should use psychotherapy more than before

B．show that psychotherapy is better than medication in treating depression in the elderly

C．emphasize that depression in the elderly can be treated

D．express the opinion of both primary care doctors and patients