题目列表(包括答案和解析)
People with bigger brains ftend to score higher on standardized tests of intelligence， according to new study findings.
However， the study author Dr Michael A.McDaniel of the Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond emphasized that these findings represent a general trend， and people with small heads should not automatically believe they are less intelligent. For instance， Albert Einstein’s brain was “not particularly large”， McDaniel noted. “There’s some relationship between brain size and intelligence on the average， but there’s plenty of room for exceptions，” he said.
Interest in the relationship between brain size and intelligence grew in the1830s， when German anatomist(解剖学家) Frederich Tiedmann wrote that he believed there was “an unquestionable connection between the size of the brain and the mental energy displayed by the individual man”. Since that statement， scientists have conducted numerous studies to determine if Tiedmann’s assertion was， in fact， correct. Most studies have looked into the link between head size and intelligence. More recently， however， researchers have published additional studies on brain size and intelligence， measured using MRI scan(核磁共振成像扫描).
For his study， McDaniel analyzed more than 20 studies that looked into the relationship between brain size and intelligence in a total of 1,530 people. The studies showed that on the average， people with larger brain volume tended to be more intelligent. The relationship between brain volume and intelligence was stronger in women than men， and in adults than in children. McDaniel notes in the journal Intelligence.
McDaniel is not sure why the relationship was stronger for adults and women. “Other research has shown that women， on the average， tend to have smaller brains than men， but score just as well—if not higher—in tests of intelligence，” he said.
McDaniel insisted that the relationship between brain size and intelligence is not a “perfect” one. “One can certainly find lots of examples of smaller-sized people who are highly intelligent，” he said， “But， on the average， the relationship holds.”
. What does the text mainly talk about？
A.MRI scans are applied to intelligence.
B. On the average， a bigger brain means higher IQ.
C. Dr McDaniel did well in his intelligence study.
D. Scientists are interested in Tiedmann’s idea.
By mentioning Albert Einstein， the writer wants to show .
A. Albert Einstein was intelligent
B. the result of intelligence test was false
C. being hard working is more important than intelligence
D. brain size doesn’t necessarily decide the level of intelligence
The underlined word “assertion” in Para. 3 probably means “ ”.
A. experiment B. statement C proof D. demand
After Frederich Tiedmann wrote his article， .
A. many scientists agreed with him
B. numerous studies have failed to prove his idea
C.MRI scan became popularly used
D. lots of researchers were interested in the connections between head size and intelligence
According to the text， Dr McDaniel’s study .
A. proves Tiedmann’s idea was completely true
B. shows women are smarter than men
C. involves many studies and a lot of people
D. explains why people with smaller brains are clever
People with bigger brains ftend to score higher on standardized tests of intelligence， according to new study findings.
However， the study author Dr Michael A.McDaniel of the Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond emphasized that these findings represent a general trend， and people with small heads should not automatically believe they are less intelligent. For instance， Albert Einstein’s brain was “not particularly large”， McDaniel noted. “There’s some relationship between brain size and intelligence on the average， but there’s plenty of room for exceptions，” he said.
Interest in the relationship between brain size and intelligence grew in the1830s， when German anatomist(解剖学家) Frederich Tiedmann wrote that he believed there was “an unquestionable connection between the size of the brain and the mental energy displayed by the individual man”. Since that statement， scientists have conducted numerous studies to determine if Tiedmann’s assertion was， in fact， correct. Most studies have looked into the link between head size and intelligence. More recently， however， researchers have published additional studies on brain size and intelligence， measured using MRI scan(核磁共振成像扫描).
For his study， McDaniel analyzed more than 20 studies that looked into the relationship between brain size and intelligence in a total of 1,530 people. The studies showed that on the average， people with larger brain volume tended to be more intelligent. The relationship between brain volume and intelligence was stronger in women than men， and in adults than in children. McDaniel notes in the journal Intelligence.
McDaniel is not sure why the relationship was stronger for adults and women. “Other research has shown that women， on the average， tend to have smaller brains than men， but score just as well—if not higher—in tests of intelligence，” he said.
McDaniel insisted that the relationship between brain size and intelligence is not a “perfect” one. “One can certainly find lots of examples of smaller-sized people who are highly intelligent，” he said， “But， on the average， the relationship holds.”
1.. What does the text mainly talk about？
A.MRI scans are applied to intelligence.
B. On the average， a bigger brain means higher IQ.
C. Dr McDaniel did well in his intelligence study.
D. Scientists are interested in Tiedmann’s idea.
2. By mentioning Albert Einstein， the writer wants to show .
A. Albert Einstein was intelligent
B. the result of intelligence test was false
C. being hard working is more important than intelligence
D. brain size doesn’t necessarily decide the level of intelligence
3. The underlined word “assertion” in Para. 3 probably means “ ”.
A. experiment B. statement C proof D. demand
4. After Frederich Tiedmann wrote his article， .
A. many scientists agreed with him
B. numerous studies have failed to prove his idea
C.MRI scan became popularly used
D. lots of researchers were interested in the connections between head size and intelligence
5. According to the text， Dr McDaniel’s study .
A. proves Tiedmann’s idea was completely true
B. shows women are smarter than men
C. involves many studies and a lot of people
D. explains why people with smaller brains are clever
Every day Jeff 1 （put）on an man?made leg.The leg is plastic.With the plastic leg,Jeff can ski,ride 2 （冠词）bicycle,swim and play soccer.He can also run.When he 3 （be）22 years old,Jeff ran across the United States,from the East 4 ?（介词）the West.He ran 5150 kilometers， 5 it was about 26 kilometers each day（改成非限制性定语从句）.Jeff wore out 36 pairs of 6 （run）shoes and five plastic 7 （leg）.On his way,people in every city gave Jeff money.The money that Jeff received was not for 8 （反身代词）.It was for the American Cancer Society.The Society used the money 9 learn（不定式）about cancer.At the same time,Jeff talked to people about cancer.He also talked about being disabled.Jeff is disabled，
?10 he can do many things （构成并列句）.
In prison you spend the majority of your time in an 8*10 cell．At work you spend most of your time in a 6*8 cubicle (小房间)．In prison you get three meals a day．At work you only get a break for one meal and you have to pay for it．In prison you get time off for good behavior．At work you get rewarded for good behavior with more work．
In prison a guard locks and unlocks all the doors for you．At work you carry around a security card and unlock and open all doors yourself．In prison you can watch TV and play games．At work you get fired for watching TV and playing games (or being on the Internet)．In prison you get your own toilet．At work you have to share．In prison they allow your family and friends to visit．At work you cannot even speak to your family and friends．
In prison all expenses are paid by taxpayers with no work required．At work you get to pay all the expenses to go to work and then they deduct taxes from your salary to pay for prisoners．In prison you spend most of your life looking through bars (铁条), waiting to get out．At work you spend most of your time waiting to get out and inside bars．In prison there are wardens who are often sadistic(虐待成性的)．At work they are called managers．
1．The author makes a contrast between a prisoner’s and an office worker’s lives in order to show that ____________．
A．the former is more comfortable than the latter
B．compared with prisoners, office workers have been badly treated
C．it is unfair that a worker lives more miserably than a prisoner
D．working in an office can be more restricting than being in prison
2．According to the passage, if an employee has performed well in the company, he will probably ____________．
A．get a promotion B．be given a pay rise
C．receive a reward D．have a heavier load
3．By saying “At work you spend most of your time wanting to get out and inside bars”, the author means that __________．
A．an office worker always wants to leave his job and be put in prison
B．an office worker always wants to leave his cubicle and be put in prison
C．an office worker always wishes to have a drink at work
D．an office worker always wishes to end a day’s work and go for a drink
4．Which of the following words can best describe a manager’s image in the author’s mind?
A．Cruel． B．Strict． C．Kind． D．Serious
阅读理解
Samuel Finley Breese Morse was a talented artist and teacher who became famous for an invention that sprang from a hobby. He invented the telegraph. Morse financed his innovation by painting and teaching art at New York University. Despite the discouraging comments of his fellow professors, Morse toiled at the telegraph until it was perfected. The next problem was to create a vocabulary for his invention—a special language without words.
Morse's idea was to have an alphabet made entirely of symbols which could be sent over a telegraph wire, thereby hastening the transmission of messages. He came up with a system of dots (小点) and dashes (破折号) which could be “tapped” on the telegraph, arranged in combinations to represent every letter in the alphabet.
The United States Congress became curious about this invention and invited Morse to Capitol Hill for a demonstration of his telegraph on May 24, 1844. Morse demonstrated his skills by sending a message from Washington, D. C. , to Baltimore. That message was successfully transmitted and received, and a new era in communications technology was born.
Today, the Morse Code (摩尔斯码) is so widely used that it is no longer considered a secret language. One advantage to the code, despite its seeming mystery, is that a variety of “telegraph” instruments may be used—finger tapping buzzers (蜂间器), whistles (口笛), lights, and even flags.
Flag transmission is relatively simple to perform, but it requires special equipment. In areas with dark backgrounds, a white flag which a small square of red in the center is preferred. Conversely, in areas featuring a light background, a dark colored flag with a small square of white in the center is most efficient.
The flag code involves three movements, all of which be-gin and end with the flag being held perpendicular (成直角的) in front of the sender. A dot is created by swinging the flag down to the right and back in position; a dash is made by swinging the flag down to the left and back. An interval (间歇) is created by waving the flag down in front and back in position. There are no pauses between dots and dashes, but pauses are used to indicate the end of a letter. One interval indicates the end of a word, two signify the end of a sentence, and three intervals indicate the message's end.
Morse Code is thus remarkable not only for its efficiency, but also for its versatility and relative ease of use.
1．Aside from inventiong Morse Code, Samuel F. B. Morse was also famous for ________.
[ ]
A．his invention of the telegraph
B．being invited by the United States Congress to Capitol Hills
C．teaching art history
D．his talent as an artist
2．The main purpose of Morse Code was to provide ________.
[ ]
A．a secret language
B．a language for people who couldn't speak
C．an efficient means of sending messages by telegraph
D．a new alphabet
3．Morse provided part of money for his invention by mean of ________.
[ ]
A．teaching art
B．painting house
C．working as a messenger
D．demonstration of his telegraph
4．It can be inferred from the passage that Morse Code ________.
[ ]
A．made Morse an important political figure
B．transformed the world of communications technology
C．was the forerunner of the telephone
D．made Morse rich
5．The author states that an advantage of Morse Code is ________.
[ ]
A．its military application
B．its mysterious meaning
C．that messages can be transmitted and received successfully
D．that people can use it with various instruments
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