阅读下文，完成文后各题。

“进化”不了的爱

孙君飞

进化论包含着残酷的丛林法则，也隐含着生命的自私自利性。一个生命个体要想很好地生存下去，必须要将自己变得更优秀，学会“排他”，否则优胜劣汰的只能是自己。不过，人们在观察工蜂时，惊讶地发现，它们并未受到进化论的影响，它们混沌若当初，或者说它们完美地保持着一种纯粹而崇高的精神，这使它们成为生命进化中的另类。

工蜂属于生殖器官发育不完善的雌性蜂，即便能够产卵，也只是没有受精的卵，因此它们自身没有繁殖能力。这种缺陷可怕而又不幸，然而工蜂对此无动于衷，甘愿终身携带着缺陷而生，从未奢望将自身进化得更完美更强悍。值得称道的是，工蜂的适应性反而很强大，它们拥有相当厉害的武器——毒刺，刺上长有倒钩，一旦“亮剑”就不能回收利用。工蜂的毒刺是不折不扣的双刃剑，在伤及侵害者的同时，自己的生命也面临着终结。

蜜蜂家族中令人难以置信的社会结构更加震惊着世人的心灵，在这里一切都那么井然有序，合乎“法则”，一切又那么一往情深，合乎“生命之爱”。蜜蜂的利他主义行为也许会让达尔文难以理解，失去繁殖能力却能够将各种特征和习性一代代传承下去的工蜂可能更让达尔文目瞪口呆吧。答案其实很简单，一切都源于蜜蜂与众不同的遗传结构。换言之，存在于工蜂体内的遗传基因极其顽强，只有它们才会驱使工蜂去鞠躬尽瘁地照顾其它跟自己具有相同基因的生命，甚至为对方牺牲自己，却无怨无悔。

蜂后产下的受精卵天生高贵，常常会孵化出雌性幼蜂，而延续高贵的办法只有一个：它们只有食用了工蜂分泌的蜂王浆之后，才能发育成具有生殖能力的小蜂后，否则它们在长大后依然属于工蜂——从出生时开始，便将生命献给蜂群、终日辛劳的工蜂！

由于小蜂后的基因与工蜂的基因几乎相同，从身形外貌上看，彼此也几乎一模一样，这也许使工蜂顿感一阵甜蜜而幸福、神圣而自豪的恍然：站在我面前的，莫不是又一个“我”？我由此获得了新生，得到了永恒……工蜂在含辛茹苦喂养小蜂后的过程中，彼此的血缘关系升至最亲密最牢固。它们原本不是毫不相关的两个，而是见证生命延续、利他友爱的两个。因为相同的基因存活在它们的生命之中，工蜂在潜意识里将蜂后看得比自己的生命更为重要，为了对方、也为了另一个“我”和“我们”，它们可以在必要时完全放弃自己现实的生命及其未来。

（选自在《思维与智慧》有删节）

下列关于“工蜂”的表述，不符合原文意思的一项是

  A．作为生命个体，工蜂的生命隐含着自私自利性，要想不被淘汰，它必须将自己变得更优秀，学会“排他”。   

  B．工蜂之所以成为生命进化中的另类，是因为它们完美地保持着一种纯粹而崇高的精神，并未受到进化论的影响。   

  C．工蜂的适应性很强，尾部长有倒钩的毒刺是相当厉害的武器，在伤及侵害者的同时，工蜂的生命也意味着终结。   

  D．从出生开始，就为蜂群而终日辛劳的工蜂，能把各种特征和习性一代代传承下去，靠的是与众不同的遗传结构。

下列有关“蜜蜂繁殖"的表述，符合原文意思的一项是

  A．蜂后是具有生殖能力的雌性蜂，产下的受精卵天生高贵，孵化出雌性幼蜂，幼蜂长大以后就成为新一代蜂后。

  B．工蜂自身没有繁殖能力，属于生殖器官发育不完善的雌性蜂，即便能够产卵，也只是没有受精的卵，不能孵化幼蜂。

  C．存在于工蜂体内的遗传基因极其顽强，它驱使工蜂分泌蜂王浆，鞠躬尽瘁地照顾和自己具有相同基因的“孩子”。

  D．蜂后负责产卵，工蜂负责喂养幼蜂，因而小蜂后的基因与工蜂的基因几乎相同，身形外貌上也几乎一模一样。

下列根据原文信息所作的推断，不正确的一项是

  A．采粉、酿蜜、饲喂幼虫的工蜂是蜂群的主体，儿歌唱的“小蜜蜂，整天忙，采花蜜，酿蜜糖”，指的就是工蜂。

  B．蜜蜂家族一切都井然有序，合乎“法则”，合乎“生命之爱”，人类如果借鉴了这种社会结构．可能会更有利于社会和谐。

  C．为了蜂后和后代，工蜂不惜牺牲自己，是因为它们有奉献精神，潜意识里将蜂后和后代看得比自己的生命更重要。

  D．工蜂一生从事的是利他的事业，而不是优化自己的结构来繁衍后代，从这一点来看，    达尔文的进化论“适者生存”不科学。

完成句子

1.我今天不方便去逛街.(convenient)  ________________to go shopping.

2.可能会下雨，把伞带上以防万一.(in case)  It may rain. You’d better ________________

3.微笑能帮助我们渡过难关。（get）   A smile can help us __________________________

4.他们正和另一家公司联合建造这座大坝。(association) They __________ with another firm.

5.学好英语不容易,但只要坚持你最后会成功的.(hang on)

It’s not easy to learn English well, _____, you will succeed in the end.

6.你所说的的确是做白日梦.( truth)   What you are saying____________

7.尽管他只是个八岁的小孩，他已经能够分辨是非。(distinguish)

Although he is only an eight –year- old child, he can _______________

8.直到老师指出我的缺点我才意识到这一点。(aware)

Not until my teacher pointed out my shortcoming_________________

9.我刚要接电话这时电话被挂断了。（ring）

I was just about to answer the phone when it _________  

10.她午饭吃得很少，期待晚饭时饱餐一顿.(expectation)

She ate a light lunch _________a good dinner.

阅读理解

Table Manners in America

美国餐桌礼仪

    吃的礼节在不同的国度存在着明显的差异。如在我们中国家庭做客，主人会盛情款待你；你吃得越多，主人就会越高兴，还不时会给你添菜斟酒。但如果你把国内这些“挺有礼貌”的习惯带到美国，就可能会被认为不文雅或缺少修养……

    When eating at home with guests or eating out，there are several table manners that are generally observed．

    Most meals served in American homes are served “family style”； this means that food is placed on platters or in large bowls，and passed around to each person at the table，Each person takes a little food and puts it on his or her plate，and then passes the food to the next person．It is OK to ask for second helpings．

If you are treating your lady friend to a meal at a nice restaurant，it is polite to hold the chair for her while she sits down．Each person orders their own food and drinks，and it is polite to order items that are similar in price to the host’s order．Before beginning your meal，place your napkin over your lap，and remove it when the meal is completely finished。

It is polite to wait until everyone at your table is served before you begin eating；in some instances，it is best to wait until the host begin eating．It is not polite to rest your elbows on the table．Only one hand should be on the table for most of the meal，unless you need to cut meat or pass something．Americans do not chew with their mouths open，or speak when their mouths are full of food．When drinking alcohol，it is impolite to drink too much or get drunk．If you do not drink，you will usually not be pressured to do so，and you should likewise not pressure others to drink with you．

    Notes

    platter n．大浅盘　　　　　　　　 napkin n．餐巾

instance  n．例子　　　　　　    lap n．膝上

elbow  n．肘部　　　　　　　　  alcohol  n．酒；含酒精的饮料

likewise  adv．同样；也

Comprehension questions

1．In America，it is good manners _______when eating in a nice restaurant.

A．to order items that are similar in price to the host's order

B．to eat as much as you can

C．to put your elbows on the table

D．to eat and eat until only a little food remains on the table

2．When eating out，it is polite _______．

A．for you to order food and drinks for everyone

B．to put your napkin on the table

C．to speak with your mouth full of food

D．for everyone to order his or her own food and drinks

3．When drinking alcohol，_______．

A．you can put both your hands on the table

B．you can chew with your mouths open

C．you should not drink too much or get drunk

D．you are welcome to drink much or get drunk

Table Manners in America

美国餐桌礼仪

    吃的礼节在不同的国度存在着明显的差异。如在我们中国家庭做客，主人会盛情款待你；你吃得越多，主人就会越高兴，还不时会给你添菜斟酒。但如果你把国内这些“挺有礼貌”的习惯带到美国，就可能会被认为不文雅或缺少修养……

    When eating at home with guests or eating out，there are several table manners that are generally observed．

    Most meals served in American homes are served “family style”； this means that food is placed on platters or in large bowls，and passed around to each person at the table，Each person takes a little food and puts it on his or her plate，and then passes the food to the next person．It is OK to ask for second helpings．

If you are treating your lady friend to a meal at a nice restaurant，it is polite to hold the chair for her while she sits down．Each person orders their own food and drinks，and it is polite to order items that are similar in price to the host’s order．Before beginning your meal，place your napkin over your lap，and remove it when the meal is completely finished。

It is polite to wait until everyone at your table is served before you begin eating；in some instances，it is best to wait until the host begin eating．It is not polite to rest your elbows on the table．Only one hand should be on the table for most of the meal，unless you need to cut meat or pass something．Americans do not chew with their mouths open，or speak when their mouths are full of food．When drinking alcohol，it is impolite to drink too much or get drunk．If you do not drink，you will usually not be pressured to do so，and you should likewise not pressure others to drink with you．

    Notes

    platter n．大浅盘　　　　　　　　 napkin n．餐巾

instance  n．例子　　　　　　    lap n．膝上

elbow  n．肘部　　　　　　　　  alcohol  n．酒；含酒精的饮料

likewise  adv．同样；也

Comprehension questions

1．In America，it is good manners _______when eating in a nice restaurant.

A．to order items that are similar in price to the host's order

B．to eat as much as you can

C．to put your elbows on the table

D．to eat and eat until only a little food remains on the table

2．When eating out，it is polite _______．

A．for you to order food and drinks for everyone

B．to put your napkin on the table

C．to speak with your mouth full of food

D．for everyone to order his or her own food and drinks

3．When drinking alcohol，_______．

A．you can put both your hands on the table

B．you can chew with your mouths open

C．you should not drink too much or get drunk

D．you are welcome to drink much or get drunk