第三部分阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
第一节{共15小题；每小题2分．满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳
项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。   
Benjamin Banneker was a farmer，inventor，astronomer writer and antislavery supporter．He created the first American—built striking clock．
That fall，as usual，Benjamin rode to the nearby town for supplies．He couldn’t wait to get to the end of the road and buy the things his mother wanted．Then he could have a good talk with the folks in town．The truth was，as much as Benjamin loved his mother and father and three sisters，what he really enjoyed was talking about books or math problems or what was happening in other parts of the colonies(殖民地)．
It was about l0 o’clock by the sun when Benjamin arrived at a store．He ordered a bolt(一卷)of white cloth for his mother and looked around for someone to taik to．Benjamin’s heart jumped like a rabbit when he saw a friend holding a gold watch．Benjamin had always wanted to figure out how clocks and watches worked．The friend saw Benjamin and let him sit down for a good talk．
Late that afternoon，Benjamin rode home，slowly．He didn’t want to harm the watch that his friend had let him borrow．That nigh after supper，Benjamin carefully laid the watch on the table and pulled the candle closer．“This is a watch，”he said．“A man in fown lent it to me，and now I’m going to take it apart and draw the pieces．Then 1’11 put it back together again．Benjamin held his breath and gently took the back off the watch．
Every evening for a week，Benjamin sat at the table with the watch．He copied eaeh tiny
wheel and pin．When the week was up，he put the pieces back togelher and returned the watch to its owner．Then Benjamin got a good night’s sleep．
The next day when the farm work was done，Benjamin went into the woods to 1ook for just the right pieces of wood．Not too old，not too dry，not too green，not too soft．
For two years，Benjamin farmed all day and worked on his wood pieces at night．In1753，two years after he had borrowed the watch，Benjamin put all the pieces together．Benjamin had made his own clock．
1．The most likely reason the author wrote the passage was to__________．
A．show the influence Benjamin Banneker’s family had on him
B．present reasons for Benjamin Banneker’s fascination with clocks
C．explain Benjamin Banneker’s reason for becoming an inventor
D．give an example of Benjamin Banneker’s strong will and intelligence
2.Benjamin especially looked forward to going to the store to __________.
A．avoid work on the farm    B．purchase white cloth
C．meet interesring people    D．show his new clock to others
3．Why did Benjamin most likely hold his breath when he took the back off the watch?
A．He feared his friend might want to get the watch back．
B．He was very nervous about taking apart a precious object.
C．He wanted to time how long it would take to finish the job．
D．He was afraid that broken watch parts would fly into his face．

We are all interested in equality，but while some people try to protect the school and examination system in the name of equality，others，still in the name of equality，want only to destroy it．

Any society which is interested in equality of opportunity and standards of achievement must regularly test its pupils．The standards may be changed—no examination is perfect--but to have no external(外部的)tests or examinations would mean the end of equality and of standards．There are groups of people who oppose this view and who do not believe either in external examinations or in any contr schools or on teachers.This would mean that everything would depend on luck every pupll would depend on the efficiency(效率)，the ideal and the purpose of teacher．

Without external examinations， employers will 1ook for employees from highly respected schools and from families known to them--a form of favoritism will  replace equality．At the moment，the bright child from an ill—respected schoo1 can show certificates(证书)to prove he or she is suitable for a job，while the lack of a certificate shows the unsuitability of a dull child attanding a well—respected schoo1.This defence of excellence and opportunity would disappear if external examinations were taken away，and the bright child from a poor family would be a prisoner of his or her school’s fame(名誉)，unable to compete for employment with the child from the favored schoo1．

The opponents(对手)of the examination system suggest that examinations are an evil force because they show differences between pupils．According to these  people，there must be no special，different，academic class． They have even suggested that there should be no form of difference in sport or any other area：all jobs or posts should be filled by unsystematic selection．The selection would be made by people who themselves are probably selected by some computer．

The word “favoritism” in paragraph 3 is used to decribe the phenomenon that _____. 

A.bright children also need certificates to get satisfying jobs.

B.Pooor children with certificates are favored in job markets.

C.Children attending ordinary schools achieve great success.

D. children from well-respected schools tend to have good jobs.

What would happen if examinations were taken away according to the author?    

A.Children’s job opportunity would be affected by their school reputation. 

B. Schools for bright children would lose their reputation

C.There would be more opportunities and excellence.

D.Children from poor families would be able to change their schools.

The opponents of the examination system will agree that _____.

A.Computers should be selected to take over many jobs.

B.Special classed are necessary to keep the school standards.

C.Jobs should not be assigned by systematic selection.

D.Schools with academic subjects should be abolished.

The passage mainly focuses on ____.

  A. schools and certificates   B opportunity and employment

C. examinations and equality  D. standards and reputation

第三部分阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分40分)

第一节{共15小题；每小题2分．满分30分)

    阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳

项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。   

  Benjamin Banneker was a farmer，inventor，astronomer writer and antislavery supporter．He created the first American—built striking clock．

    That fall，as usual，Benjamin rode to the nearby town for supplies．He couldn’t wait to get to the end of the road and buy the things his mother wanted．Then he could have a good talk with the folks in town．The truth was，as much as Benjamin loved his mother and father and three sisters，what he really enjoyed was talking about books or math problems or what was happening in other parts of the colonies(殖民地)．

    It was about l0 o’clock by the sun when Benjamin arrived at a store．He ordered a bolt(一卷)of white cloth for his mother and looked around for someone to taik to．Benjamin’s heart jumped like a rabbit when he saw a friend holding a gold watch．Benjamin had always wanted to figure out how clocks and watches worked．The friend saw Benjamin and let him sit down for a good talk．

    Late that afternoon，Benjamin rode home，slowly．He didn’t want to harm the watch that his friend had let him borrow．That nigh after supper，Benjamin carefully laid the watch on the table and pulled the candle closer．“This is a watch，”he said．“A man in fown lent it to me，and now I’m going to take it apart and draw the pieces．Then 1’11 put it back together again．Benjamin held his breath and gently took the back off the watch．

    Every evening for a week，Benjamin sat at the table with the watch．He copied eaeh tiny

wheel and pin．When the week was up，he put the pieces back togelher and returned the watch to its owner．Then Benjamin got a good night’s sleep．

    The next day when the farm work was done，Benjamin went into the woods to 1ook for just the right pieces of wood．Not too old，not too dry，not too green，not too soft．

    For two years，Benjamin farmed all day and worked on his wood pieces at night．In1753，two years after he had borrowed the watch，Benjamin put all the pieces together．Benjamin had made his own clock．

1．The most likely reason the author wrote the passage was to__________．

  A．show the influence Benjamin Banneker’s family had on him

  B．present reasons for Benjamin Banneker’s fascination with clocks

  C．explain Benjamin Banneker’s reason for becoming an inventor

  D．give an example of Benjamin Banneker’s strong will and intelligence

2.Benjamin especially looked forward to going to the store to __________.

 A．avoid work on the farm    B．purchase white cloth

 C．meet interesring people    D．show his new clock to others

3．Why did Benjamin most likely hold his breath when he took the back off the watch?

  A．He feared his friend might want to get the watch back．

  B．He was very nervous about taking apart a precious object.

  C．He wanted to time how long it would take to finish the job．

  D．He was afraid that broken watch parts would fly into his face．

There are many different ways of seeing a town for the first time. One of them is to walk around it, guide-book  26  hand. Of course, we may  27  with our guide-books the history and  28  developments of a town and get to know them.

 29  then, if we take our time and  30  in a town for a while, we may get to know it better. When we  31  it as a whole, we begin to have some  32 , which even the best guide-books do not

answer. Why is the town just  33  this —— this shape, this plan, this size? Why do its streets  34  in this particular way, and not in any  35  way?

Here even the best guide-book  36  us. One can’t find the information in it about how a town has developed to the  37  appearance. It may not describe the original  38  of a town. However, one may get some idea of what it  39  look like by walking around the town. One can also imagine  40  the town was first planned and built. Then one can learn more about in what direction the town  41  to develop.

What is the  42  of studying towns in this way？For me, it is  43  a matter that one gets a greater depth of pleasure by visiting and seeing a town with one’s own eyes. A  44  visit to a town may help one better understand why it is attractive  45  just reading about it in a guide-book.

We are all interested in equality，but while some people try to protect the school and examination system in the name of equality，others，still in the name of equality，want only to destroy it．
Any society which is interested in equality of opportunity and standards of achievement must regularly test its pupils．The standards may be changed—no examination is perfect--but to have no external(外部的)tests or examinations would mean the end of equality and of standards．There are groups of people who oppose this view and who do not believe either in external examinations or in any contr schools or on teachers.This would mean that everything would depend on luck every pupll would depend on the efficiency(效率)，the ideal and the purpose of teacher．
Without external examinations， employers will 1ook for employees from highly respected schools and from families known to them--a form of favoritism will  replace equality．At the moment，the bright child from an ill—respected schoo1 can show certificates(证书)to prove he or she is suitable for a job，while the lack of a certificate shows the unsuitability of a dull child attanding a well—respected schoo1.This defence of excellence and opportunity would disappear if external examinations were taken away，and the bright child from a poor family would be a prisoner of his or her school’s fame(名誉)，unable to compete for employment with the child from the favored schoo1．
The opponents(对手)of the examination system suggest that examinations are an evil force because they show differences between pupils．According to these  people，there must be no special，different，academic class． They have even suggested that there should be no form of difference in sport or any other area：all jobs or posts should be filled by unsystematic selection．The selection would be made by people who themselves are probably selected by some computer．
【小题1】 The word “favoritism” in paragraph 3 is used to decribe the phenomenon that _____.