题目列表(包括答案和解析)
What is Math Anxiety?
Math anxiety or fear of math is actually quite common. Math anxiety is quite 1 to stage-fright. Why does someone suffer 2 ? Fear of something going wrong in front of a crowd? Fear of 3 the lines? Fear of being judged 4 ? Fear of going completely blank? Math anxiety conjures（使现出） up fear of some type. The fear that one won't be able to do the 5 or the fear that it's too hard or the fear of failure which often stems(起因于) from having a lack of 6 . For the most part, math anxiety is the 7 about doing the math right, our minds draw a 8 and we think we'll fail and of course the more frustrated and anxious our minds become, the 9 the chance for drawing blanks. Added pressure of having time limits on math tests and exams also cause the levels of anxiety grow for many students.
Where Does Math Anxiety Come From?
Usually math anxiety stems from 10 experiences in mathematics. Typically math phobias have had math presented in such a fashion that it led to limited understanding. Unfortunately, math anxiety is often 11 poor teaching and poor experiences in math which typically leads to math 12 . Many of the students I've encountered with math anxiety have demonstrated an over reliance on procedures in math as opposed to actually understanding the math. When one tries to memorize procedures, rules and routines without much 13 , the math is quickly forgotten and 14 soon sets in. Think about your experiences with one concept --- the division of fractions（小部分）. You probably learned about reciprocals（倒数） and inverses. In other words, 'It's not yours to reason why, just invert（反转） and multiply'（乘）. Well, you memorized the rule and it 15 . Why does it work? Do you really understand why it works? Did anyone every use pizzas or math manipulative（巧妙处理的） to show you why it works? If 16 , you simply memorized the procedure and that was that. Think of math as memorizing all the procedures -- 17 if you forget a few? Therefore, with this type of strategy, a good 18 will help, but, what if you don’t have a good memory. Understanding the math is critical. Once students 19 they can do the math, the whole notion of math anxiety can be overcome. Teachers and parents have an important 20 to ensure students understand the math being presented to them.
( ) 1. A. different B. similar C. far D. familiar
( ) 2. A. speech B. performance C. threatens D. stage-fright
( ) 3. A. understanding B. memorizing C. forgetting D. reading
( ) 4. A. poorly B. crazily C. well D. publicly
( ) 5. A. Chinese B. math C. English D. physics
( ) 6. A. wish B. conscience C. determination D. confidence
( ) 7. A. fear B. joy C. pleasure D. doubt
( ) 8. A .failure B. choice C. blank D. death
( ) 9. A. further B. greater C. less D. smaller
( ) 10. A. unpleasant B. unfair C. pleasant D. successful
( ) 11. A. because B. thanks to C. resulting in D. due to
( ) 12. A. fear B. anxiety C. failure D. misunderstanding
( ) 13. A. forgetting B. use C. understanding D. knowledge
( ) 14. A. panic B. excitement C. disappointment D. encouragement
( ) 15. A. opens B. works C. starts D. runs
( ) 16. A. so B. possible C. not D. any
( ) 17. A. Where B. Why C. When D. What
( ) 18. A. memory B. method C. brain D. body
( ) 19. A. fill B. realize C. confirm D. recognize
( ) 20. A. task B. aim C. appointment D. role
A healthy dose of sunshine may be the secret to staying young, British scientists have disclosed.
Vitamin D is produced naturally by the skin in response to sunlight and may help to slow the ageing process and protect against heart disease, according to the study.
Researchers from King's College London studied 2,160 women a
ged between 18 and 79, looking at their telomeres - a biological marker of ageing found in DNA．As people get older, their telomeres get shorter and they are easy to have illnesses.
But the study found women with high levels of vitamin D had comparatively longer telomeres - a sign of being biologically younger and healthier.
The study suggests vitamin D may help to slow down the ageing process of DNA, and therefore the ageing process as a whole.
Lead researcher Dr Brent Richards said: "These results are exciting because they prove for the first time that people who have higher levels of vitamin D may age more slowly than people with lower levels of vitamin D．
"This could help to explain how vitamin D has a protective effect on many ageing related diseases, such as heart disease and cancer."
He said further studies are required to confirm the findings.
Professor Tim Spector, head of KCL's twin research unit, and a co-author of the report, added: "Although it might sound absurd(荒谬的), it's possible that the same sunshine which may increase our risk of skin cancer may also have a healthy effect on the general ageing process."
Vitamin D made by the action of sunlight on the skin accounts for 90 per cent of the body's supply, but lower levels can also be obtained through food such as fish, eggs and breakfast cereals.
Other studies have suggested the vitamin plays a key role in protecting against cancer and heart disease.
【小题1】What’s the best title of this passage?
| A．Sunshine helps to keep you young. |
| B．Vitamin D has a protective effect on many diseases. |
| C．Telomeres - a biological marker of ageing. |
| D．People have found the secret to having a long life. |
| A．women with high levels of vitamin D shows a sign of being biologically younger and healthier. |
| B．vitamin D has a protective effect on many ageing related diseases. |
| C．too much sunshine may increase our risk of skin cancer. |
| D．It has been proved that sunshine helps to keep you young. |
Findings from a new study were presented at a recent meeting of the American Psychosomatic(身心的) Society. Researchers in the United States studied 100,000 women during an eight-year period, beginning in 1994. All of the women were fifty or older. The study was part of the Women’s Health Initiative organized by the National Institutes of Health.
The women were asked questions measuring their beliefs or ideas about the future. The researchers attempted to identify each woman’s personality eight years after gathering the information.
The study found that hopeful individuals were 14% less likely than other women to have died from any cause. The hopeful women were also 30% less likely to have died from heart disease after the eight years.
Hilary Tindle from the University of Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania was the lead author of the report. She said the study confirmed earlier research that linked optimistic feelings to longer life.
The researchers also gathered information about people’s education, financial earnings, physical activity and use of alcohol or cigarettes. Independent of those things, the findings still showed that optimists had less of a chance of dying during the eight-year period.
Some women who answered the questions were found to be hostile (怀敌意的), or highly untrusting of others. These women were 16% more likely to die than the others. They also were 23% more likely to die of cancer.
The study also found women who were not optimistic were more likely to smoke and have high blood pressure or diabetes. They were also more likely not to exercise.
Tindle says the study did not confirm whether optimism leads to healthier choices, or if it actually affects a person’s physical health. She also says the study does not prove that negative (消极的) emotions or distrust lead to bad health effects and shorter life. Yet there does appear to be a link that calls for more research.
1.In which part of a newspaper can you read the above passage?
A. Nation B. Opinion
C. Science D. Business
2.Researchers carry out the study to ________.
A. decide who is more likely to enjoy a happier life
B. find out the link between personality and health
C. gather information for the National Institutes of Health
D. compare each woman’s personality changes
3.What can be inferred from the text?
A. Negative emotions cause a shorter life indeed.
B. There may be some link between personality and health.
C. It’s uncertain whether optimism affects one’s health.
D. The more optimistic you are, the longer life you may enjoy.
4.Who is more likely to die of cancer according to the text?
A. A woman who always doubts what others say.
B. A woman who doesn’t exercise.
C. A woman with high blood pressure.
D. A woman with poor physical health.
5.What’s Hilary Tindle’s opinion of the study?
A. Unfair. B. Useless. C. Necessary. D. Reliable.
The amount of carbon taken in by growing plants increased from 1982 through 1999 as
temperatures rose and the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increased. But a new study
in Friday ’ s edition of the journal Science found a drought - related decline in such plant growth
from 2000 to 2009，even though temperatures continued to climb.
As drought caused by warming reduces the land ’ s ability to take in carbon，the result could
be more carbon dioxide left in the atmosphere，and thus more warming，Zhao Maosheng from the
University of Montana explained in a telephone interview.
“This is a pretty serious warning that warmer temperatures are not going to endlessly improve
plant growth ’” co - author Steven Running，also from the University of Montana ’ said in a
statement. “ We see this as a bit of a surprise，and potentially significant on a policy level because
previous interpretations suggested global warming might actually help plant growth around the
world, “ he said.
Instead, he and Zhao found a small but measurable decline of about 1%，compared to a 6%
increase in the past decade.
Their study，based on the data collected by NASA satellites，found that north areas continued
to increase plant growth，thanks to warmer temperatures and a longer growing season.
Someone commented, "This past decade’ s net decline in earthly productivity suggests that a
complex relationship between temperature, rainfall, cloudiness, and carbon dioxide, probably in
combination with other factors such as nutrients (营养）and land management，will determine
future patterns and trends in productivity.，，
1.From the first paragraph, we can learn in the recent decade or so.
A. the emission(排放)of carbon hasn’ t been reduced
B. draught has been causing loss of soil and water
C. carbon dioxide levels have been rising
D. the rise of temperature doesn' t promote the plant growth
2.Zhao Maosheng really worried that__ .
E. more and more land will be abandoned
F. the climate becomes warmer and warmer
G. the emission of carbon dioxide increases
H. draught further reduces the number of the plants
3.Steven Running made his statement to__ .
I. confirm Zhao' s views on the influence of temperature rise
J. urge the government to take necessary measures
K. warn the people to strengthen the plant protection
L. support Zhao* s views on lhe plant production
4. We can infer from the passage that______ .
A. global warming will determine the future productivity
B. various factors play a key role jointly on future productivity
C. earthly productivity actually increased in the past decade
D. temperature rise has had no effect on future producticity patterns
Elderly people who drink several cups of green tea a day are less likely to suffer from depression, probably due to a "feel good" chemical found in this type of tea, Japanese researchers said.
Several studies have 1 drinking green tea to lessening psychological problems and Kaijun Niu, of Tohoku University Graduate School, and colleagues found people 2 70 and older who drank four or more cups of green tea daily were 44 percent 3 likely to experience depression.
Green tea is widely 4 in many Asian countries, 5 China and Japan.
Niu's team 6 1,058 relatively healthy elderly men and women. About 34 percent of the men and 39 percent of the women had symptoms of 7 , according to the study that was 8 in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
A total of 488 participants said they 9 four or more cups of green tea a day, 284 said they downed two to three cups 10 and the rest reported having one or fewer cups daily.
According to the researchers, the 11 effect of drinking more 12 tea on alleviating symptoms of depression did not 13 after they factored in social and economic status, gender, diet, history of medical problems and 14 of antidepressants.
There was no 15 between consumption of black or oolong tea, or coffee, and 16 symptoms of depression.
A green tea component, the amino acid thiamine（硫胺素）, which is 17 to have a tranquilizing（镇静的） 18 on the brain, may 19 the "potentially beneficial effect" shown in the current study, Niu noted, 20 that more study is needed.
( ) 1. A. linked B. taken C. considered D. regarded
( ) 2. A. aging B. aged C. years D. age
( ) 3. A. more B. little C. less D. much
( ) 4. A. sold B. planted C. spread D. consumed
( ) 5. A. including B. concluding C. containing D. considering
( ) 6. A. looked for B. checked C. investigated D. asked
( ) 7. A. optimism B. happiness C. bitterness D. depression
( ) 8. A. published B. come out C. appeared D. showed
( ) 9. A. ate B. drank C. swallowed D. chewed
( ) 10. A. weekly B. daily C. monthly D. yearly
( ) 11. A. apparent B. light C. huge D. gentle
( ) 12. A. black B. oolong C. coffee D. green
( ) 13. A. fade B. disappear C. run D. decease
( ) 14. A. influence B. effect C. use D. result
( ) 15. A. association B. use C. comparison D. difference
( ) 16. A. lower B. increase C. strengthen D. cause
( ) 17. A. assumed B. thought C. imaged D. hoped
( ) 18. A. effect B. affect C. effort D. outcome
( ) 19. A. report B. confirm C. complete D. explain
( ) 20. A. adding B. addressing C. speaking D. saying
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