Climate change will force exhausted birds migrating to Europe from Africa to travel further, with possibly disastrous consequences, according to a study.

The annual voyage of some species, which fly north in search of food and suitable habitats, could increase by as much as 400 kilometers (250miles), the research found. “Marathon migrations for some birds are set to become even longer，” said Stephen Willis, a professor at Durham University in Britain and the main architect of the study. “This is bad news for birds like the Whitethroat, a common farmland bird. The added distance is a considerable threat. As temperatures rise and habitats change, birds will face their biggest challenge since the Pleistocene era (更新世：始于距今180万年), which ended 11,000 years ago，” he said in a statement.

Some 500 million birds migrate each year from Africa, some weighing as little as nine grams (three－tenths of an ounce). To complete a voyage that can be thousands of kilometers long, birds have to fatten themselves up to twice their normal weight. Some even shrink their internal organs (收缩内脏) to become more fuel efficient, so any additional distance may be dangerous.

The study finds that from 2071 to 2100, nine out of 17 species examined are going to face longer migrations, particularly birds that cross the Sahara Desert. Some birds traverse the Sahara and the Mediterranean Sea in a one go, while others have a break in northern Africa before crossing. Many fly at night, when temperatures are cooler.

A few—such as the Blackcap—have started to adapt by spending winters in Britain, but such behaviour remains exceptional, the study said. The study forecasts that the migration distance of the Orphean Warbler will jump from 2,700 kilometers (1,700 miles) to between 3,050 and 3,350 kilometers (1,900 and 2,100miles), with even longer increases for the Subalpine and Barred Warblers.

6. What does travelling extra distance mean for some migrating birds?

A. Better living conditions.       B. Better physical health.

C. Stronger ability to fly.         D. Bigger threat to life.

7. To complete the marathon migrations, some birds have to do the following except________.

A. have a break in Sahara  

B. put on more weight

C. reduce the size of internal organs

D. fly at night to avoid the heat

8. What does the underlined word “traverse”in the fourth paragraph mean?

A. Examine.            B. Face.         C. Cross.         D. Challenge.

9. What can we infer from the text?

A. Birds have to migrate from Africa to Europe in winter.

B. Global warming is bad for all birds worldwide.

C. Birds that are of small size don't need to migrate.

D. Some birds have to migrate unless they adapt to climate change.

10. What's the BEST title of the text?

A. Climate change leads to disastrous consequence

B. The annual voyage of some species

C. How birds migrate for longer distances

D. Climate change pushes birds to migrate farther

　

下面是对几部电视剧的介绍。阅读下面的简介和相关信息，并按要求匹配信息。

首先，请阅读下面的信息。

A. Bionic Woman

Wed, Sept. 26, 9PM on NBC

Jaime Sommers is an ordinary woman whose world turns upside down when she’s involved in a fatal car accident. Her scientist boyfriend uses his medical skills to save her life by giving her a bionic eye, ear, arm and legs. But in the process he transforms her life into one filled with danger, action and adventure.

B. Journeyman

Mon., Sept. 24, 10PM on NBC

Dan Vasser is a San Francisco newspaper reporter and family man who accidentally begins to travel through time. Along the way, he also must deal with the difficulties at work and home which were brought on by his sudden disappearances. However, his travels reunite him with his long-lost finance (未婚妻), which complicates his present-day life.

C. Life Is Wild

Sun., Oct. 7, 8:00PMon The CW

Teen Katie faces a culture clash when her dad and his new wife decide to move their family from Manhattan to South Africa .While Katie must learn to adapt to (适应)the new surroundings —a ropey lodge (破旧的山林小屋) in the middle of an animal preserve. The family must bond together in order to deal with the change.

D. Samantha Who?

Mon, Oct. 15, 9:30PM on ABC

Samantha wakes from a coma after eight days—with no memory of who she is or her former life. Slowly, she begins to learn she had a terrible relationship with her parents, treated her boyfriend badly and had no close friend; in general, she wasn’t a very nice person. It’s not easy for her to tell the difference between goodness and evil.

E. Big Shots

Thu, Sept. 27, 10PM on ABC

Four high-ranking executives who are at the top of their fields become friends in a club. These competitive but despairing New York CEOs take refuge in their friendship, discussing business, confiding secret, confiding secrets, seeking advice and supporting one another through life’s twists and turns. They desire to find the best ways to mix business with pleasure.

F. Criminal Minds

Thu, Sep.22, 9PM on CBS

A team of FBI experts(专家)analyze the country’s most twisted criminal minds, anticipating (估计)their next move before they strike again. Each member of the “mind hunter” team brings their own area of expertise on the table as they pinpoint (精确地找到, 准确地轰炸) predators’ motivations and identify(识别, 认明, 鉴定) their emotional triggers(起因) in order to stop them.

请阅读以下电视观众的信息，然后匹配相应的电视剧。

Frances, who married a foreign man two years ago, faces culture shock in the new family. She is not familiar with the new culture, which causes a few problems. She wants to see how other people adapt to the new surroundings.

Charles is a 16-year-old boy who is dreaming to become a detective. He once happened to watch a TV program which shows how to analyze criminal minds. Since then, he’s been collecting information about that.

Janet is always curious about how science changes people’s life. Besides, she is very interested in those stories about people who get supernatural power after some accidents.

Mr. Smith is a manager in a company, but still feels depressed. He finds nothing other than unhappiness in his job. It’s necessary for him to find balance between wording and living. He is eager to watch something about this.

Steven is a little boy whose mother always tells him stories about people traveling through time. Fascinated about such stories, he is eager to watch such teleplays.

观众                          电视剧

Frances                    A. Bionic Woman

Charles                    B. Journeyman

Janet                      C. Life Is Wild

Mr. Smith                  D. Samantha Who?

Steven                     E. Big Shots

                                    F. Criminal Minds

Driving to a friend’s house on a recent evening, I was attracted by the sight of the full moon rising just above my friend’s rooftop. I stopped to watch it for a few moments, thinking about what a pity it is that most city people --- myself included --- usually miss sights like this because we spend most of our lives indoors.

   My friend had also seen it. He grew up living in a forest in Europe, and the moon meant a lot to him then. It had touched much of his life.

   I know the feeling. Last December I took my seven-year-old daughter to the mountainous jungle of northern India with some friends. We stayed in a forest rest house with no electricity or running hot water. Our group had campfires outside every night, and indoors when it was too cold outside. The moon grew to its fullest during our trip. Between me and the high mountains lay three or four valleys. Not a light shone in them and not a sound could be heard. It was one of the quietest places I have ever known, a bottomless well of silence. And above me was the full moon, which struck me deeply.

   Today our lives are filled with glass, metal, plastic and fiber-glass. We have television, cell phones, pagers, electricity, heaters and ovens and air-conditioners, cars, computers.

   Struggling through traffic that evening at the end of a tiring day, most of it spent indoors, I thought, “Before long, I would like to live in a small cottage. There I will grow vegetables and read books and walk in the mountains. And perhaps write, but not in anger. I may become an old man there, and wear the bottoms of my trousers rolled and measure out my life in coffee spoons. But I will be able to walk outside on a cold silent night and touched the moon.”

1.The best title for the passage would be _________.

A. Touched by the Moon

B. The Pleasures of Modern Life

C. A Bottomless well of Silence

D. Break away from Modern life

2.The writer felt sorry for himself because __________.

A. there was too much pollution.               

B. he failed to see the fullest moon.

C. he didn’t adapt to modern inventions   

D. there were too many accidents on the road.

3.What impressed the writer most in the mountainous jungle of northern India?

A. No modern equipment.

B. Complete silence.

C. The nice moon.

D. The high mountain.

4.Modern things are mentioned mainly to ___________.

A. show that the writer likes city life very much.

B. tell us that people greatly benefit from modern life.

C. explain that people have less chances to enjoy nature.

D. show that we can also enjoy nature at home through them.

5.The author wrote the passage to __________.

A. express the feeling of returning to nature.   

B. show the love for the moonlight.

C. advise modern people to learn to live.                    

D. want to communicate longing for modern life.

 

I was born and raised in England in a culture where privacy and “keeping yourself to yourself”were valued traditions. Speaking to strangers was not encouraged. People were most hospitable(好客的) and friendly—but only once they had been introduced to new people.

However, I have been lucky enough to spend some time in both Italy and the US, where I found traditions of hospitality and politeness to be very different.

I experienced Italian hospitality first－hand on a crowded railway carriage travelling, one afternoon, from Genoa to Florence. Sinking gratefully into an empty seat, I was berated(斥责) in rapid Italian by a gentleman who was returning to this seat－it had not been “spare” after all. I apologized in English, and got up to allow him back into the seat. The gentleman obviously had no understanding of the English language, but he, too, realized my genuine mistake. He smiled and gestured for me to remain in the seat, and he himself remained standing in the corridor for the remainder of the journey. The other occupants of the carriage smiled and nodded at me and made me feel quite welcome amongst them. I feel that if this had been in England, a foreigner who made a mistake would not always be so kindly treated.

Transport also featured in the differences I noticed between English and American culture. I flew to New York on a plane with mainly English passengers. We sat together in near silence. Nobody spoke to me nor, as I expected, to anyone else they did not know. They felt it was not polite to intrude on someone else's privacy. However, when I travelled across the United States, whether by plane or Greyhound bus, I was never short of conversation. Conversation was going on all around me and whoever sat next to me was happy to introduce themselves and ask me about myself. They obviously felt it would have been rude not to speak to another person, whether they were strangers or not.

6. The purpose of the author is to tell us ________.

A. his travelling experience

B. cultural differences to show hospitality and politeness

C. the culture shock he experienced in Italy and the US

D. how to adapt ourselves to a new culture

7. What do we know about the occupants of the carriage when the author was travelling in Italy?

A. They all laughed at the author for his mistake.

B. They would not bear a mistake like the author's in public.

C. They were all on the side of the gentleman.

D. They all showed their understanding of the author's mistake.

8. The author probably believes the Italian people are________.

A. cold        B. rude           C. hospitable       D. helpful

9. According to the last paragraph, English passengers sat in near silence because________.

A. they were all strangers to each other

B. they were too tired to speak

C. privacy was a valued tradition in England

D. everybody had their own share of privacy

10. The last paragraph mainly tells us ________.

A. the difference between English and American culture

B. why Americans like to start a conversation

C. different attitudes of Englishmen and Americans towards conversation

D. the importance of privacy among Englishmen

There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as an external (外在的) result or a product that can easily be identified and measured．The worker who gets a rise, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language—all these examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts．

By contrast, the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way．The process is not the road itself, but the attitudes, feelings people have , and their caution or courage, as they meet with new experiences and unexpected difficulties．In this process, the journey never really ends；there are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept．

In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to face the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they may “fail” at first．How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is necessary for our ability to grow．Do we see ourselves as quick and curious? If so, we tend to take more chances and be more open to unfamiliar experiences．Do we think we’re shy and indecisive? Then our sense of fear can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and we think we are slow to adapt change or that we’re not smart enough to deal with a new challenge．Then we are likely to take a more passive role or not try at all．

These feelings of insecurity (不安全) and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow．If we protect ourselves too much, then we stop growing．We become trapped inside a shell of our own making．

1.In the author’s eye, one who views personal growth as a process would ______． 

A．succeed in climbing up the social ladder

B．grow up from his own achievements

C．face difficulties and take up challenges

D．aim high and reach his goal each time

2.Which of the following can be viewed as the process of personal growing?

A．Our manager was always willing to accept new challenges．

B．Jane won the first prize in the speech competition．

C．Jerry picked up French during his stay in Paris．

D．Father’s salary rose from 5, 000 to 7,000．

3.For personal growth, the author is in favor of all the following EXCEPT _______．

A．being curious about more changes

B．being quick in self-adaptation

C．having an open mind to new experiences

D．staying away from failures and challenges

4.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A．It is not so easy to measure personal growth

B．To try and fail on the new road facing the unknown is unavoidable

C．There are only two ways to see a person’s growth

D．If you are too shy to take any risks in life, you cannot grow up